Tainoceratidae is a family of late Paleozoic and Triassic
nautiloids
Nautiloids are a group of cephalopods (Mollusca) which originated in the Late Cambrian and are represented today by the living ''Nautilus'' and ''Allonautilus''. Fossil nautiloids are diverse and species rich, with over 2,500 recorded species. Th ...
that are a part of the order
Nautilida
The Nautilida constitute a large and diverse order of generally coiled nautiloid cephalopods that began in the mid Paleozoic and continues to the present with a single family, the Nautilidae which includes two genera, ''Nautilus'' and ''Allonauti ...
, characterized by large, generally evolute shells with quadrate to rectangular whorl sections. Shells may bear ribs or nodes, or both.
Tainoceratidae forms the larger of the two branches of the superfamily
Tainocerataceae derived from the earlier family Rutoceratidae around the end of the Devonian or early in the Mississippian (Lower Carboniferous). The other branch is the family
Koninckioceratidae, which is confined to the Paleozoic. The family Tainoceratidae, in contrast, extends to almost to the end of the Triassic and during the
Early Permian 01 or 01 may refer to:
* The year 2001, or any year ending with 01
* The month of January
* 1 (number)
Music
* '01 (Richard Müller album), ''01'' (Richard Müller album), 2001
* 01 (Urban Zakapa album), ''01'' (Urban Zakapa album), 2011
* ''01011 ...
, possibly gave rise to the small family,
Rhiphaeoceratidae
The Rhiphaeoceratidae are a small family of Nautilida, nautilids included in the superfamily (taxonomy), superfamily Tainoceratoidea that comprises four very similar genera. These genera are characterized by a perforate Umbilicus (mollusc), umbi ...
.
The Tainoceratids are contemporary with the family
Grypoceratidae, the dominant trigonoceratacean family, and with the family
Liroceratidae
Liroceratidae is an extinct family of nautilids, shelled marine molluscs, belonging to the Clydonautiloidea, consisting of generally smooth, involute, nautiliconic forms with a small umbilicus. The whorl section is usually depressed and broadl ...
form the bulk of species in the superfamily
Clydonautilaceae
The Clydonautiloidea are a superfamily within the nautiloid order Nautilida characterized by smooth, generally globular, shellsKummel 1964; Nautiloidea -Nautilida, Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part K Nautiliodea, Geological Society of ...
, all three of which have the same Early Carboniferous to Triassic range. Twenty-one genera are ascribed to Tainoceratidae, of which 10 are confined to the Triassic while four cross into the Triassic after surviving the
Permian-Triassic extinction. Seven are restricted to the Paleozoic.
Genera
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Anoploceras''
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Anthodiscoceras''
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Araxonautilus''
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Arctonautilus''
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Aulametacoceras''
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Clavinautilus''
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Cooperoceras''
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Encoiloceras''
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Enoploceras''
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Eulomacoceras''
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Germanonautilus''
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Grumantoceras''
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Hefengnautilus''
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Hexagonites''
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Holconautilus''
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Lichuanoceras''
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Lirometacoceras''
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Meixianlingites''
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Metacoceras''
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Mojsvaroceras''
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Neoclavinautilus''
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Neotainoceras''
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Nodonautilus''
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Nodopleuroceras''
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Paratainoceras''
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Paratainonautilus''
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Phaedrysmocheilus''
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Phloioceras''
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Pleuronautilus''
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Pseudometacoceras''
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Pseudotemnocheilus''
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Seironautilus''
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Siamnautilus''
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Sibyllonautilus''
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Sinotitanoceras''
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Tainionautilus''
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Tainoceras''
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Tanchiashanites''
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Tirolonautilus''
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Trachynautilus''
References
* Bernhard Kummel, 1964 Nautiloidea -Nautilida.
Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology
The ''Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology,'' published from 1953–2007 by the Geological Society of America and the University of Kansas, then 2009–present by the University of Kansas Paleontological Institute, is a definitive multi-authore ...
, Part K. Geological Soc. of America and University of Kansas press; Teichert & Moore (eds)
Tainoceratidae-Paleodb
{{Taxonbar, from=Q7676216
Nautiloids
Mississippian first appearances
Triassic extinctions