Sultan Taimur bin Faisal bin Turki Al Said (; 1886 – 28 January 1965) was the
Sultan of Muscat and Oman from 5 October 1913 to 10 February 1932.
Early life
Taimur was born in 1886 to
Sultan Faisal bin Turki Al Said and his first wife, Sayyida Aliyah bint Thuwaini Al Said. His mother was the daughter of
Sultan Thuwaini bin Said Al Said.
Marriages and children
Taimur was married six times and had six children.
Sayyida Fatima bint Ali bin
Salim bin Thuwaini Al Said (4 May 1891-April 1967) married 1902
*
Sultan Said bin Taimur Al Said
A Yemeni woman
*Sayyid Majid bin Taimur Al Said (born 1919)
Kamile İlgiray, a Circassian woman, married 1920 and divorced 1921
*
Sayyid Tariq bin Taimur Al Said (born 30 June 1921)
A Dhofari woman
*
Sayyid Fahr bin Taimur Al Said (born 1924)
Kiyoko Oyama, a Japanese woman, married 1936
*
Sayyida Buthaina bint Taimur Al Said (born 10 October 1937)
Nafisa Bundukji, a daughter of
Khan Bahadur Sadik Hasan, married 1939 and divorced 1940
* Sayyid Shabib bin Taimur Al Said (born 1940)
He is the grandfather of
Sultan Qaboos bin Said Al Said and
Sultan Haitham bin Tariq Al Said.
Sultan of Muscat and Oman
He succeeded his father
Faisal bin Turki, Sultan of Muscat and Oman as sultan on 5 October 1913.
When he assumed
suzerainty
A suzerain (, from Old French "above" + "supreme, chief") is a person, state (polity)">state or polity who has supremacy and dominant influence over the foreign policy">polity.html" ;"title="state (polity)">state or polity">state (polity)">st ...
over the country, he inherited an external public debt and widespread rebellion among the tribes. Between 1915 and 1920, the sultan's forces were aided by
British
British may refer to:
Peoples, culture, and language
* British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies.
* British national identity, the characteristics of British people and culture ...
financial and materiel support against the rebel tribes, ensuring adequate resistance but not total victory. An uneasy situation of no war, no peace, existed, with the sultan controlling Muscat and the coastal towns (the former
Sultanate of Muscat) and the
imam
Imam (; , '; : , ') is an Islamic leadership position. For Sunni Islam, Sunni Muslims, Imam is most commonly used as the title of a prayer leader of a mosque. In this context, imams may lead Salah, Islamic prayers, serve as community leaders, ...
ruling the interior (
Oman proper). This was tacitly codified in the
Treaty of As Sib in 1920, brokered by the British political agent in Muscat. The treaty was between the sultan and the tribes, represented by
Shaikh Isa ibn Salih al Harthi, leader of the
Al-Harthi tribe.
In return for full autonomy, the tribes in the interior pledged to cease attacking the coast. The Treaty of As Sib was a de facto partition agreement between Muscat and Oman, serving Britain's interest in preserving its power through the office of the sultan without dispatching British troops to the region. The Treaty of As Sib ensured political quiescence between Muscat and Oman that lasted until the 1950s, when
oil exploration in the interior reintroduced conflict. In return for accepting a truncation of his authority, the sultan received a loan from the government of
British India
The provinces of India, earlier presidencies of British India and still earlier, presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance in South Asia. Collectively, they have been called British India. In one form or another ...
with an amortization period of ten years, sufficient to repay his debts to merchants. When Sultan Taimur ibn Faisal abdicated for financial reasons in 1932, the twenty-two-year-old Said ibn Taimur inherited an administration that was in debt.
A
United States Department of State
The United States Department of State (DOS), or simply the State Department, is an United States federal executive departments, executive department of the U.S. federal government responsible for the country's foreign policy of the United State ...
bulletin on the sultan of Muscat and Oman in February 1938 describes the situation in which Sultan Said ibn Taimur found himself after assuming power: "The young Sultan found the country practically bankrupt and his troubles were further complicated by tribal unrest and conspiracy by certain of his uncles, one of whom immediately profited by the occasion to set up an independent regime. The Sultan tackled the situation with resolution and within a short time the traitorous uncle had been subdued, unrest quelled, and most important of all, state finances put on much more solid footing."
Abdication
In 1932 he abdicated in favor of his eldest son
Said bin Taimur and lived abroad, mostly in
British India
The provinces of India, earlier presidencies of British India and still earlier, presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance in South Asia. Collectively, they have been called British India. In one form or another ...
. In 1965, he died in Mumbai.
Ibadism
Taimur's era was the period wherein
Ibadism
Ibadism (, ) is a school of Islam concentrated in Oman established from within the Kharijites. The followers of the Ibadi sect are known as the Ibadis or, as they call themselves, The People of Truth and Integrity ().
Ibadism emerged around 6 ...
, the predominant
madhab of Oman had played a role in the country's social affairs. For instance, the government which led from
Muscat
Muscat (, ) is the capital and most populous city in Oman. It is the seat of the Governorate of Muscat. According to the National Centre for Statistics and Information (NCSI), the population of the Muscat Governorate in 2022 was 1.72 million. ...
had exchanged letters with the ruling powers of the interior, which consisted of an Ibadi imamate. This Ibadi involvement in the stepping stone in Oman's history that occurred in 1920 was called the ''treaty of Sib''.
Foreign honors
*
**

Knight Commander of the
Order of the Star of India
The Most Exalted Order of the Star of India is an order of chivalry founded by Queen Victoria in 1861. The Order includes members of three classes:
# Knight Grand Commander ( GCSI)
# Knight Commander ( KCSI)
# Companion ( CSI)
No appointments ...
**

Companion of the
Order of the Indian Empire
The Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire is an order of chivalry founded by Queen Victoria on 1 January 1878. The Order includes members of three classes:
#Knight Grand Commander (:Knights Grand Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire, ...
Ovguide
References
{{authority control
1886 births
1965 deaths
19th-century Omani people
20th-century Omani people
Al Said dynasty
Honorary companions of the Order of the Star of India
Honorary Knights Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire
Monarchs who abdicated
Japan–Oman relations
Omani Ibadi Muslims
People from Muscat, Oman
Sons of Omani sultans
Sultans of Oman
20th-century monarchs in the Middle East