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The TOS-2 (''Tosochka'') (, Heavy Flamethrower System) is a Russian
On 12 January 2018, it was announced that
TOS-2 on Ural-63706 Army-2022 2022-08-20 2305.jpg, Side view of the TOS-2 with closeup of small 3-link crane attachment
TOS-2 on Ural-63706 Army-2022 2022-08-20 2306.jpg, Rear view of the TOS-2
TOS-2 system crew of the Central Grouping of Forces on Avdeyevka direction (2024-06-24).webm, TOS-2 system operating near Avdiivka
multiple rocket launcher
A multiple rocket launcher (MRL) or multiple launch rocket system (MLRS) is a type of rocket artillery system that contains multiple rocket launcher, launchers which are fixed to a single weapons platform, platform, and shoots its rocket (weapon ...
capable of using thermobaric warheads, mounted on a 3-axle truck chassis. TOS-2 was designed to attack enemy fortified positions and lightly armoured vehicles and transports, in open terrain in particular.
History
On 12 January 2018, it was announced that NPO Splav
NPO Splav () is one of the leading global developers and manufacturers of multiple rocket launcher systems (MLRS), and one of the key companies providing Russian arms for the global market in the segment. It is the only company in Russia which des ...
was working on a prototype of a next generation TOS-1
TOS-1 Buratino (, Heavy Flamethrower System) is a Soviet 220 mm 30-barrel (original system, Object 634 or TOS-1M) or 24-barrel (Object 634B or TOS-1A Solntsepyok) multiple rocket launcher capable of using thermobaric warheads, mounted on a ...
system for preliminary tests. The system with improved tactical and technical characteristics will be made on a wheeled chassis.
The new TOS-2 (''Tosochka'') system was first unveiled during the 2020 Moscow Victory Day Parade
The Moscow Victory Day Parade () is an annual military parade of the Russian Armed Forces on Moscow's Red Square on 9 May during the Victory Day celebrations. The most important parade of those being held on 9 May is the one held on Moscow's Red ...
, and further showcased during the Kavkaz-2020 drills in September 2020. It is equipped with a more powerful TBS-M3 rocket and its own crane. It has also an increased range and is protected from precision weapons. The system uses the 6x6 Ural-63706-0120 all-terrain vehicle instead of the tracked armored chassis of the TOS-1A.
The TOS-2 entered service with the Central Military District
The Order of the Red Banner Central Military District () is a Military districts of Russia, military district of Russia.
It is one of the five military districts of the Russian Armed Forces, with its jurisdiction primarily within the centr ...
on 6 January 2021.
In late May 2022, TASS
The Russian News Agency TASS, or simply TASS, is a Russian state-owned news agency founded in 1904. It is the largest Russian news agency and one of the largest news agencies worldwide.
TASS is registered as a Federal State Unitary Enterpri ...
reported that the system was deployed in Ukraine during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
On 24 February 2022, , starting the largest and deadliest war in Europe since World War II, in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War, conflict between the two countries which began in 2014. The fighting has caused hundreds of thou ...
. In October 2023, the TOS-2 system was sighted in the area surrounding Kreminna
Kreminna (, ) is a city in Sievierodonetsk Raion, Luhansk Oblast, eastern Ukraine. Prior to 2020, it served as the administrative center of former Kreminna Raion. Its population was estimated at as of January 2022.
Following the Russian invasio ...
, Luhansk Oblast. It was reported in August 2024 that the range of the system has been extended, up to 20 km. Supplies of a masking coating began in October 2024.
On 14 February 2025, it was claimed that the first Russian TOS-2 MLRS was destroyed by artillery fire in the "Pokrovsk
Pokrovsk (, ; ), formerly known as Krasnoarmiisk (until 2016) and Grishino (until 1934), is a city and the administrative center of Pokrovsk Raion in Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine. It is located northwest of Donetsk. Prior to 2020, it was incorporat ...
region". , OSINT
Open source intelligence (OSINT) is the collection and analysis of data gathered from open sources (overt sources and publicly available information) to produce actionable intelligence. OSINT is primarily used in national security, law enforceme ...
defense analysis website Oryx
''Oryx'' ( ) is a genus consisting of four large antelope species called oryxes. Their pelage is pale with contrasting dark markings in the face and on the legs, and their long horns are almost straight and annulated. The exception is the sci ...
lists one TOS-2 as destroyed and one as damaged.
Munitions
* The MO.1.01.04 () are long and weigh . The original rocket for the TOS-1A had a range of only . Modernized systems with active protection, new engine and launchers and other improvements were delivered in early 2018. * The MO.1.01.04M rocket is long and weighs . This version extends the range to . The system was modernized in 2016. * The M0.1.01.04M2 rocket was upgraded in March 2020 to a heavier thermobaric warhead and better 10km range, to operate outside the range of modern ATGMs.See also
* TOS-1 Buratinoa Soviet 30-barrel MLRS introduced in 1988 and mounted on aT-72
The T-72 is a family of Soviet Union, Soviet main battle tanks that entered production in 1973. The T-72 was a development based on the T-64 using thought and design of the previous Object 167M. About 25,000 T-72 tanks have been built, and refu ...
/ T-90
The T-90 is a third-generation Russian main battle tank developed from, and designed to replace the T-72. It uses a 125mm 2A46 smoothbore main gun, the 1A45T fire-control system, an upgraded engine, and gunner's thermal sight. Standard p ...
tank chassis.
* TOS-1A Solntsepyokan extended-range 24-barrel variant of TOS-1 introduced in 2003.
* a 2024 prototype-stage larger-caliber 15-barrel MLRS with a tracked tank chassis and the TOS-2 launcher.
References
{{Soviet and Russian artillery after WW2 Modern thermobaric weapons of Russia Multiple rocket launchers Self-propelled artillery of Russia Wheeled self-propelled rocket launchers Military vehicles introduced in the 2020s