Thyroid hormone receptor beta (TR-beta) also known as nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group A, member 2 (NR1A2), is a

nuclear receptor In the field of molecular biology, nuclear receptors are a class of proteins responsible for sensing steroids, thyroid hormones, vitamins, and certain other molecules. These receptors work with other proteins to regulate the expression of s ...

protein that in humans is encoded by the ''THRB'' gene.

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a nuclear hormone receptor for

triiodothyronine Triiodothyronine, also known as T3, is a thyroid hormone. It affects almost every physiological process in the body, including growth and development, metabolism, body temperature, and heart rate. Production of T3 and its prohormone thyrox ...

. It is one of the several

receptors Receptor may refer to: *Sensory receptor, in physiology, any structure which, on receiving environmental stimuli, produces an informative nerve impulse *Receptor (biochemistry), in biochemistry, a protein molecule that receives and responds to a n ...

for thyroid hormone, and has been shown to mediate the biological activities of thyroid hormone.

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studies in mice suggest that the different receptors, while having certain extent of redundancy, may mediate different functions of thyroid hormone. Defects in this gene are known to be a cause of generalized

thyroid hormone resistance Thyroid hormone resistance (also resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH), and sometimes Refetoff syndrome) describes a rare syndrome in which the thyroid hormone levels are elevated but the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level is not suppressed, or ...

(GTHR), a syndrome characterized by

goiter A goitre, American and British English spelling differences#re er, or goiter, is a swelling in the neck resulting from an enlarged thyroid, thyroid gland. A goitre can be associated with a thyroid that is not functioning properly. Worldwide, over ...

and high levels of circulating thyroid hormone (T₃-T₄), with normal or slightly elevated

thyroid stimulating hormone Thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as thyrotropin, thyrotropic hormone, or abbreviated TSH) is a pituitary hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine (T4), and then triiodothyronine (T3) which stimulates the metabolis ...

(TSH). Several transcript

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have been observed for this gene, but the full-length nature of only one has been observed so far.

Interactions

Thyroid hormone receptor beta has been shown to

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with: *

BRD8 Bromodomain-containing protein 8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''BRD8'' gene. The protein encoded by this gene interacts with thyroid hormone receptor in a ligand-dependent manner and enhances thyroid hormone-dependent activation ...

, * CCND1, * NCOA1, *

NCOA6 Nuclear receptor coactivator 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''NCOA6'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a transcriptional coactivator that can interact with nuclear hormone receptors to enhance their transcri ...

, *

NCOR2 The nuclear receptor co-repressor 2 () is a transcriptional coregulatory protein that contains several nuclear receptor-interacting domains. In addition, NCOR2 appears to recruit histone deacetylases to DNA promoter regions. Hence NCOR2 assists ...

, * NR2F6, *

PPARGC1A Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''PPARGC1A'' gene. PPARGC1A is also known as human accelerated region 20 ( HAR20). It may, therefore, have played a key r ...

, and * RXRA.

Function

Interactions

References

Further reading