TGV 2N2
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Avelia Euroduplex, more commonly known simply as Euroduplex or TGV 2N2 in France, is a high-speed double-decker
train A train (from Old French , from Latin">-4; we might wonder whether there's a point at which it's appropriate to talk of the beginnings of French, that is, when it wa ... , from Latin , "to pull, to draw") is a series of connected vehicles th ...
manufactured by
Alstom Alstom SA () is a French multinational rolling stock manufacturer which operates worldwide in rail transport markets. It is active in the fields of passenger transportation, signaling, and locomotives, producing high-speed, suburban, regional ...
. It is primarily operated by the French national railway company
SNCF The Société nationale des chemins de fer français (, , SNCF ) is France's national State-owned enterprise, state-owned railway company. Founded in 1938, it operates the Rail transport in France, country's national rail traffic along with th ...
, and also in operation with the Moroccan national railway company ONCF. It is the 3rd generation of the TGV Duplex. The Euroduplex trains are
interoperable Interoperability is a characteristic of a product or system to work with other products or systems. While the term was initially defined for information technology or systems engineering services to allow for information exchange, a broader de ...
, containing equipment allowing them to travel between several European continental countries with various types of
electrification Electrification is the process of powering by electricity and, in many contexts, the introduction of such power by changing over from an earlier power source. In the context of history of technology and economic development, electrification refe ...
and
signalling A signal is both the process and the result of transmission of data over some media accomplished by embedding some variation. Signals are important in multiple subject fields including signal processing, information theory and biology. In ...
systems. A Moroccan variation is the first high-speed train to operate in
Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...
.


Description

The Euroduplex trains are an evolution of the TGV Duplex Dasye and still share the main features. The drive is of type
SNCF TGV POS The TGV POS is a TGV train built by French manufacturer Alstom which is operated by the French national rail company, the SNCF, in France's high-speed rail lines. It was originally ordered by the SNCF for use on the LGV Est, which was put in ...
asynchronous traction motors, European signaling system
European Rail Traffic Management System The European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS) is the system of standards for management and interoperation of signalling for railways by the European Union (EU). It is conducted by the European Union Agency for Railways (ERA) and is the o ...
. The trailers feature improved information systems and the 3UFC type feature new interiors with rotating seats and USB sockets. The main differences with the TGV Duplex Dasye: * UIC loading gauge with more headroom upstairs * Improved windows * Passenger Information System (SIVE) with voice announcements as in the TER trains. * Outside SIVE dynamic light display indicating the number of the train, its route and the number of the car * Fixed filler gaps on all doors, * Control over the train hot boxes (two sensors per box for redundancy) * Overall control of each axle * Improved accessibility for wheelchairs The 3UFC type have new interiors that include: * New seat design in both classes * Rotating seats in first class * USB sockets * Individual lights are now included in the seats


History

Riding on the success of the concept TGV Duplex, the company decided to develop a fleet of interoperable trains, especially suitable for 15 kV Hz. The
train A train (from Old French , from Latin">-4; we might wonder whether there's a point at which it's appropriate to talk of the beginnings of French, that is, when it wa ... , from Latin , "to pull, to draw") is a series of connected vehicles th ...
is a tricurrent version of TGV Duplex. The Euroduplex entered commercial operation by
SNCF The Société nationale des chemins de fer français (, , SNCF ) is France's national State-owned enterprise, state-owned railway company. Founded in 1938, it operates the Rail transport in France, country's national rail traffic along with th ...
on 11 December 2011. In parallel with the development of high-speed lines internationally,
Alstom Alstom SA () is a French multinational rolling stock manufacturer which operates worldwide in rail transport markets. It is active in the fields of passenger transportation, signaling, and locomotives, producing high-speed, suburban, regional ...
SA won a tender for the supply of equipment for a high-speed TGV for Morocco, the first high-speed train on the African continent.


Operators


SNCF

In June 2007, in addition to 25 extra TGV Dasye sets (+ 3 others 2008), the SNCF has placed a large order for 55 Alstom tricurrent high-speed trains, TGV 2N2. These 55 trains can be divided into: * 30 trains "3UA" (tricurrent Germany), numbered 4701-4730 (4 international) for services from France to Germany and Switzerland. Prototypes were tested from August 2010, the remaining deliveries expected between 2011 and 2014; * 10 trains "3UH" (bicurrent Spain), numbered 801 to 810, for services between France and Spain (deliveries from 2013); * 15 trains "3UF" (bicurrent France), numbered 811-825, intended for domestic traffic in France (deliveries from 2014); * A Power Reserve "3UA" compatible with the 55 cars and also for the TGV POS and TGV Duplex Dasye. In April 2010, the first train RGV, numbered'' 4701'', was tested at La Rochelle. On 16 June 2010, the train arrived at the site of ELWT Conflans to be equipped with different systems to perform many tests in the coming months before commercial operation. Between 20 and 30 July 2010, the train conducted speed tests in Switzerland, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium and the French Alps. SNCF and Alstom organized the symbolic delivery of the first train on 30 May 2011 on the LGV Est. The 2007 contract included an option for 40 additional trains. SNCF exercised this option to take delivery of the second batch of Euroduplex sets from 2015. These are the 3UFC type (the "C" stands for capacity) and named "Océane". They were delivered between 2016 and 2019 and have replaced some sets on TGV Atlantique with the opening of the LGV Sud Europe Atlantique. They offer a new interior design and a capacity expanded by 10% mainly due to the third car being multi-class, and were delivered between 2016 and 2019 and are numbered from 851 to 891 (minus 866, which only consists of power reserve motors). To save the workforce of the Alstom factory in Belfort, the French government announced in October 2016 the purchase of fifteen trains to be used on the intercity line between
Bordeaux Bordeaux ( ; ; Gascon language, Gascon ; ) is a city on the river Garonne in the Gironde Departments of France, department, southwestern France. A port city, it is the capital of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, as well as the Prefectures in F ...
and
Marseille Marseille (; ; see #Name, below) is a city in southern France, the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Departments of France, department of Bouches-du-Rhône and of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Regions of France, region. Situated in the ...
. SNCF carried out the order in February 2017. These trains, of the 3UFC type, are numbered from 836 to 850 and have been delivered since August 2019. In July 2019,
SNCF The Société nationale des chemins de fer français (, , SNCF ) is France's national State-owned enterprise, state-owned railway company. Founded in 1938, it operates the Rail transport in France, country's national rail traffic along with th ...
announced an order of twelve trains that would be delivered between 2021 and 2023 (shortly before the arrival of the first Avelia Horizon) with the last trainset being delivered in April 2023. The complete fleet would consist of 122 trains.


ONCF

In December 2010, the Moroccan company ONCF ordered 14 sets of the Euroduplex for Kenitra–Tangier high-speed rail line. The contract of €400 million expected commissioning in 2015. The ordered trains are electrified at 25 kV and 3 kV and can operate up to on the section Tangiers —
Kenitra Kenitra (, , , ) is a city in northwestern Morocco. It is a port on the Sebou River with a population of 507,736 as of 2024. It is one of the three main cities of the Rabat-Salé-Kénitra region and the capital of the similarly named Kénitra ...
and between on the Moroccan conventional network. The Moroccan trainsets have a total capacity of 533 passengers in two first-class carriages, five second class carriages, and a catering coach, instead of the French configuration of three first class coaches, four second-class coaches, and a catering coach. The modifications were made according to the Moroccan climatic and environmental conditions. The first two cars will be delivered during the summer of 2015, transported from the port of La Rochelle by the ship Ville de Bordeaux. The project being more than two years late on its initial schedule (due to land acquisition difficulties), Alstom Transport incurs additional costs, in particular through the forced storage of several trains in its factories. The first dynamic tests of a train (No. 1201, specially assigned to tests) began in January 2016, on the classic line connecting Tangier to Casablanca, with drivers who were specially trained (partly in France, by the SNCF ); these tests were completed in July 2016. At the same time (on 11 July), the twelve trains were delivered. LGV testing began in February 2017 and was completed in June 2018; during one of them, carried out on 4 May 2018, the train achieved a speed of (which constitutes the record of rail speed in Africa). During this period, Alstom delivered 12 trains for the Tangier-Casablanca railway section. King Mohammed VI and French President
Emmanuel Macron Emmanuel Jean-Michel Frédéric Macron (; born 21 December 1977) is a French politician who has served as President of France and Co-Prince of Andorra since 2017. He was Ministry of Economy and Finance (France), Minister of Economics, Industr ...
participated in the inauguration. Upon launch, it became the first high-speed railway line in Africa. The maintenance center, with a total capacity of 30 trains and an area of 14 hectares, is located in Tangier-Moghogha.


Usage


SNCF

Since its introduction into commercial service, the 4700 numbered trains operate priority international services: * Alleo Paris-Est —
Stuttgart Stuttgart (; ; Swabian German, Swabian: ; Alemannic German, Alemannic: ; Italian language, Italian: ; ) is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Baden-Württemberg by population, largest city of the States of Germany, German state of ...
 —
Munich Munich is the capital and most populous city of Bavaria, Germany. As of 30 November 2024, its population was 1,604,384, making it the third-largest city in Germany after Berlin and Hamburg. Munich is the largest city in Germany that is no ...
(via LGV East Europe) * Alleo
Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main () is the most populous city in the States of Germany, German state of Hesse. Its 773,068 inhabitants as of 2022 make it the List of cities in Germany by population, fifth-most populous city in Germany. Located in the forela ...
 —
Strasbourg Strasbourg ( , ; ; ) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture and largest city of the Grand Est Regions of France, region of Geography of France, eastern France, in the historic region of Alsace. It is the prefecture of the Bas-Rhin Departmen ...
 — Lyon-Part-Dieu —
Marseille Marseille (; ; see #Name, below) is a city in southern France, the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Departments of France, department of Bouches-du-Rhône and of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Regions of France, region. Situated in the ...
(via the LGV Rhin-Rhône and
Mediterranean The Mediterranean Sea ( ) is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the east by the Levant in West Asia, on the north by Anatolia in West Asia and Southern ...
) * Lyria Paris-Gare de Lyon —
Basel Basel ( ; ), also known as Basle ( ), ; ; ; . is a city in northwestern Switzerland on the river Rhine (at the transition from the High Rhine, High to the Upper Rhine). Basel is Switzerland's List of cities in Switzerland, third-most-populo ...
 —
Zürich Zurich (; ) is the list of cities in Switzerland, largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zurich. It is in north-central Switzerland, at the northwestern tip of Lake Zurich. , the municipality had 448,664 inhabitants. The ...
(via the Rhine-Rhône) since January 2012 (three of the six round trips, the others were being operated by TGV POS until 15 December 2019 where Lyria started operating exclusively with the Euroduplex) The trains are used on domestic routes (via the LGV Est to Strasbourg,
Reims Reims ( ; ; also spelled Rheims in English) is the most populous city in the French Departments of France, department of Marne (department), Marne, and the List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, 12th most populous city in Fran ...
, Remiremont, but also via the Rhin-Rhône to
Colmar Colmar (; ; or ) is a city and commune in the Haut-Rhin department and Alsace region of north-eastern France. The third-largest commune in Alsace (after Strasbourg and Mulhouse), it is the seat of the prefecture of the Haut-Rhin department ...
and
Mulhouse Mulhouse (; ; Alsatian language, Alsatian: ''Mìlhüsa'' ; , meaning "Mill (grinding), mill house") is a France, French city of the European Collectivity of Alsace (Haut-Rhin department, in the Grand Est region of France). It is near the Fran ...
among others). The 800 numbered trains are designed to provide international services to Spain: * Elipsos: Paris-Gare de Lyon — Lyon Part Dieu —
Montpellier Montpellier (; ) is a city in southern France near the Mediterranean Sea. One of the largest urban centres in the region of Occitania (administrative region), Occitania, Montpellier is the prefecture of the Departments of France, department of ...
 —
Figueres Figueres (; ) is the capital city of Alt Empordà county, in the Girona region, Catalonia, Spain. The town is the birthplace of artist Salvador Dalí, and houses the Dalí Theatre and Museum, a large museum designed by Dalí himself which att ...
 —
Barcelona Barcelona ( ; ; ) is a city on the northeastern coast of Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second-most populous municipality of Spain. With a population of 1.6 million within c ...
(in a pool with TGV Duplex Dasye) The 3UFC are all operating from Paris Montparnasse firstly towards
Bordeaux Bordeaux ( ; ; Gascon language, Gascon ; ) is a city on the river Garonne in the Gironde Departments of France, department, southwestern France. A port city, it is the capital of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, as well as the Prefectures in F ...
 —
Agen Agen (, , ) is the prefecture of the Lot-et-Garonne department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Southwestern France. It lies on the river Garonne, southeast of Bordeaux. In 2021, the commune had a population of 32,485. Geography The city of Agen l ...
 —
Montauban Montauban (, ; ) is a commune in the southern French department of Tarn-et-Garonne. It is the capital of the department and lies north of Toulouse. Montauban is the most populated town in Tarn-et-Garonne, and the sixth most populated of Oc ...
 —
Toulouse Toulouse (, ; ; ) is a city in southern France, the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Haute-Garonne department and of the Occitania (administrative region), Occitania region. The city is on the banks of the Garonne, River Garonne, from ...
 —
Arcachon Arcachon (; ) is a commune in the southwestern French department of Gironde. It is a popular seaside resort on the Atlantic coast southwest of Bordeaux, in the Landes forest. It has a sandy beach and a mild climate said to be favourable for p ...
 — Dax —
Bayonne Bayonne () is a city in southwestern France near the France–Spain border, Spanish border. It is a communes of France, commune and one of two subprefectures in France, subprefectures in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques departments of France, departm ...
 —
Biarritz Biarritz ( , , , ; also spelled ; ) is a city on the Bay of Biscay, on the Atlantic coast in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the French Basque Country in southwestern France. It is located from the border with Spain. It is a luxu ...
 —
Saint-Jean-de-Luz Saint-Jean-de-Luz (; ,Donibane Lohitzune
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 —
Saint-Jean-de-Luz Saint-Jean-de-Luz (; ,Donibane Lohitzune
Auñamendi Encyclopedia, Auñamendi Eu ...
 — Pau —
Lourdes Lourdes (, also , ; ) is a market town situated in the Pyrenees. It is part of the Hautes-Pyrénées department in the Occitanie region in southwestern France. Prior to the mid-19th century, the town was best known for its Château fort, a ...
 —
Tarbes Tarbes (; Gascon language, Gascon: ''Tarba'') is a Communes of France, commune in the Hautes-Pyrénées Departments of France, department in the Occitania (administrative region), Occitanie Regions of France, region of southwestern France. It is ...
. Then towards
Le Mans Le Mans (; ) is a Communes of France, city in Northwestern France on the Sarthe (river), Sarthe River where it meets the Huisne. Traditionally the capital of the Provinces of France, province of Maine (province), Maine, it is now the capital of ...
 —
Rennes Rennes (; ; Gallo language, Gallo: ''Resnn''; ) is a city in the east of Brittany in Northwestern France at the confluence of the rivers Ille and Vilaine. Rennes is the prefecture of the Brittany (administrative region), Brittany Regions of F ...
 —
Quimper Quimper (, ; ; or ) is a Communes of France, commune and Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Finistère Departments of France, department of Brittany (administrative region), Brittany in northwestern France. Administration Quimper is the ...
 — Brest —
Angers Angers (, , ;) is a city in western France, about southwest of Paris. It is the Prefectures of France, prefecture of the Maine-et-Loire department and was the capital of the province of Duchy of Anjou, Anjou until the French Revolution. The i ...
 —
Nantes Nantes (, ; ; or ; ) is a city in the Loire-Atlantique department of France on the Loire, from the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic coast. The city is the List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, sixth largest in France, with a pop ...
 —
Saint-Nazaire Saint-Nazaire (; ; ) is a Communes of France, commune in the Loire-Atlantique Departments of France, department in western France, in traditional Brittany. The town has a major harbour on the right bank of the Loire estuary, near the Atlantic Oc ...
 — Le Croisic —
Les Sables-d'Olonne Les Sables-d'Olonne (; French meaning: "The Sands of Olonne"; Poitevin: ''Lés Sablles d'Oloune'') is a seaside resort and port on the Atlantic coast of western France. A subprefecture of the department of Vendée, Pays de la Loi ...
. Since 2021 some trains started operations from Paris Lyon towards
Lyon Lyon (Franco-Provençal: ''Liyon'') is a city in France. It is located at the confluence of the rivers Rhône and Saône, to the northwest of the French Alps, southeast of Paris, north of Marseille, southwest of Geneva, Switzerland, north ...
,
Saint-Étienne Saint-Étienne (; Franco-Provençal: ''Sant-Etiève''), also written St. Etienne, is a city and the prefecture of the Loire département, in eastern-central France, in the Massif Central, southwest of Lyon, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes regi ...
,
Marseille Marseille (; ; see #Name, below) is a city in southern France, the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Departments of France, department of Bouches-du-Rhône and of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Regions of France, region. Situated in the ...
and
Nice Nice ( ; ) is a city in and the prefecture of the Alpes-Maritimes department in France. The Nice agglomeration extends far beyond the administrative city limits, with a population of nearly one millionTanger and
Casablanca Casablanca (, ) is the largest city in Morocco and the country's economic and business centre. Located on the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic coast of the Chaouia (Morocco), Chaouia plain in the central-western part of Morocco, the city has a populatio ...
via
Rabat Rabat (, also , ; ) is the Capital (political), capital city of Morocco and the List of cities in Morocco, country's seventh-largest city with an urban population of approximately 580,000 (2014) and a metropolitan population of over 1.2 million. ...
. The name of the commercial service is Al Boraq. It is operated in partnership with SNCF, within the framework of the joint venture "Moroccan high-speed train maintenance company".


Gallery

File:TGV 2N2 4722 Karlsruhe.JPG, Car No. 4722 in
Karlsruhe Hauptbahnhof Karlsruhe Hauptbahnhof is a railway station in the German city of Karlsruhe. The station is classified as a Category 1 station, as it is a major hub where several railways connect. History Old station When the Baden Mainline was built betwe ...
. File:TGV 2N2 4701 essais paris est information voyageur.jpg, The information system of passenger trains. File:TGV 2N2 interior.jpg, Improved space in second class. File:Gare de Besançon Franche-Comté TGV 1er décembre 2011 45.jpg, PIS screen in 2nd class higher room of the TGV Euroduplex (2N2) number 4703 train parked at the Besançon Franche-Comté TGV railway station during station's inaugural. File:Intérieur de la 1ère classe TGV Duplex Océane rame 3UFC en gare de Bordeaux.jpg, View of the new interior for the 1st class


See also

* Avelia Horizon *
Avelia Liberty Avelia Liberty, also known as NextGen Acela and Acela II, is a tilting high-speed passenger trainset built for the North American market by French manufacturer Alstom and assembled in the United States. Amtrak has ordered 28 train sets for u ...


References

{{High-speed rail TGV trainsets Double-decker high-speed trains Electric multiple units with locomotive-like power cars 3000 V DC multiple units 15 kV AC multiple units 25 kV AC multiple units 1500 V DC multiple units of France Rolling stock of Morocco