Transforming growth factor beta-1-induced transcript 1 protein is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residue (biochemistry), residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including Enzyme catalysis, catalysing metab ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''TGFB1I1''
gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protei ...
.
Often put together with and studied alongside TGFB1I1 is the mouse homologue HIC-5 ( Hydrogen Peroxide-Inducible Clone-5). As the name suggests, TGFB1I1 is an induced form of the larger family of
TGFB1
Transforming growth factor beta 1 or TGF-β1 is a polypeptide member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily of cytokines. It is a secreted protein that performs many cellular functions, including the control of cell growth, cell proli ...
. Studies suggest TGFB1I1 plays a role in processes of cell growth, proliferation,
migration, differentiation
and senescence.
TGFB1I1 is most localized at focal adhesion complexes of cells,
although it may be found active in the cytosol, nucleus and cell membrane as well.
Functions
Transforming growth factor beta-1-induced transcript 1 plays a role in a number of cell functions. Originally, TGFB1I1 was isolated as a senescence-inducing gene from mouse osteoblastic cells through treatment with transforming growth factor beta-1 and hydrogen peroxide.
During this, TGFB1I1 was also being independently discovered by numerous other groups and was characterized as a focal adhesion protein, an androgen and glucocorticoid receptor co-activator,
a negative regulator of muscle differentiation,
and major player in the recovery of arterial media.
Interactions
TGFB1I1 has been shown to
interact with:
*
Androgen receptor
The androgen receptor (AR), also known as NR3C4 (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 4), is a type of nuclear receptor that is activated by binding any of the androgenic hormones, including testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, in th ...
,
*
Dopamine transporter
The dopamine transporter (DAT, also sodium-dependent dopamine transporter) is a membrane-spanning protein coded for in humans by the ''SLC6A3'' gene (also known as ''DAT1''), that pumps the neurotransmitter dopamine out of the synaptic cleft ba ...
*
Hsp27
Heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) also known as heat shock protein beta-1 (HSPB1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''HSPB1'' gene.
Hsp27 is a chaperone of the sHsp (small heat shock protein) group among α- crystallin, Hsp20, and ot ...
,
*
PTK2B
Protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PTK2B'' gene.
Function
This gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinase that is involved in calcium-induced regulation of ion channels and activation of the ...
,
*
PTK2
PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2 (PTK2), also known as focal adhesion kinase (FAK), is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ''PTK2'' gene. PTK2 is a focal adhesion-associated protein kinase involved in cellular adhesion (how cells stick to ...
,
and
*
PTPN12
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 12 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PTPN12'' gene.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecu ...
.
See also
*
Transcription coregulator
In molecular biology and genetics, transcription coregulators are proteins that interact with transcription factors to either activate or repress the transcription of specific genes. Transcription coregulators that activate gene transcription ar ...
References
Further reading
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
External links
*
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tgfb1i1
Gene expression
Transcription coregulators