Sáros (- Hungarian, Slovak: ''Šariš'',

Latin Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...

: ''comitatus Sarossiensis'', German: ''Scharosch'') was an administrative county ( comitatus) of the

Kingdom of Hungary The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from 1000 to 1946 and was a key part of the Habsburg monarchy from 1526-1918. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the Coro ...

. Its territory is now in northeastern

Slovakia Slovakia, officially the Slovak Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the west, and the Czech Republic to the northwest. Slovakia's m ...

. Today,

Šariš Šariš is the traditional name of a region situated in northeastern Slovakia. It encompasses the territory of the former (Comitatus (Kingdom of Hungary), comitatus) Sáros county. History Šariš county was created in the 13th century from th ...

is only an informal designation of the corresponding territory.

Geography

Sáros county shared borders with the

Austria Austria, formally the Republic of Austria, is a landlocked country in Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine Federal states of Austria, states, of which the capital Vienna is the List of largest cities in Aust ...

n crownland Galicia and the Hungarian counties Szepes, Abaúj-Torna and Zemplén. It was situated between the Levoča Hills (i.e., Szepesség (

Spiš Spiš ( ; or ; ) is a region in north-eastern Slovakia, with a very small area in south-eastern Poland (more specifically encompassing 14 former Slovak villages). Spiš is an informal designation of the territory, but it is also the name of one ...

)), Kassa and Felső-Szvidnyik. The river Tarca flowed through the county. Its area was 3,652 km² around 1910.

Capitals

The capital of Sáros county was Sáros Castle. After various other towns, since 1647 the capital has been

Prešov Prešov () is a city in eastern Slovakia. It is the seat of administrative Prešov Region () and Šariš. With a population of approximately 85,000 for the city, and in total more than 100,000 with the urban area, it is the second-largest city i ...

History

Sáros county was created in the 13th century from the ''comitatus Novi Castri'' (Újvár County, named after ''Novum Castrum'', today

Abaújvár Abaújvár is a village in northeastern Hungary, next to the Slovakia, Slovak border. It lies northeast of Miskolc, and 18 km south of Košice (Kassa), Slovakia. Name The first part of the name shows that the medieval castle was owned by t ...

) which included also the territories of the later counties of Abaúj and Heves. In the aftermath of World War I, all of Sáros county became part of newly formed

Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia ( ; Czech language, Czech and , ''Česko-Slovensko'') was a landlocked country in Central Europe, created in 1918, when it declared its independence from Austria-Hungary. In 1938, after the Munich Agreement, the Sudetenland beca ...

, as recognized by the concerned states in the 1920

Treaty of Trianon The Treaty of Trianon (; ; ; ), often referred to in Hungary as the Peace Dictate of Trianon or Dictate of Trianon, was prepared at the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), Paris Peace Conference. It was signed on the one side by Hungary ...

. During World War II, when

was divided, Šariš became part of the First Slovak Republic. Since 1993, Šariš has been part of

, located in the

Prešov Region The Prešov Region (, ; ), also Priashiv Region (, ), is one of the eight Slovak administrative regions and consists of 13 districts (okresy) and 666 municipalities, 23 of which have town status. The region was established in 1996 and is the mos ...

. Historically a prosperous region, it is nowadays relatively poor.

Demographics

Subdivisions

In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Sáros county were:

Notes

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Saros County Counties in the Kingdom of Hungary