, image_upright = 1.4 , image = Синагога у Новом Саду 3.JPG , caption = The former synagogue, now cultural center,
from the north-east, in 2014 , location = 11 Jevrejska (Jewish) Street,

Novi Sad Novi Sad ( sr-Cyrl, Нови Сад, ; #Name, see below for other names) is the List of cities in Serbia, second largest city in Serbia and the capital of the autonomous province of Vojvodina. It is located in the southern portion of the Pannoni ...

Vojvodina Vojvodina ( ; sr-Cyrl, Војводина, ), officially the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, is an Autonomous administrative division, autonomous province that occupies the northernmost part of Serbia, located in Central Europe. It lies withi ...

, country =

Serbia , image_flag = Flag of Serbia.svg , national_motto = , image_coat = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg , national_anthem = () , image_map = , map_caption = Location of Serbia (gree ...

, religious_affiliation =

Neolog Judaism Neologs (, "Neolog faction") are one of the two large communal organizations among Hungarian Jewry. Socially, the liberal and modernist Neologs had been more inclined toward integration into Hungarian society since the Era of Emancipation in th ...

, rite =

Nusach Ashkenaz Nusach Ashkenaz is a style of Jewish liturgy conducted by Ashkenazi Jews. It is primarily a way to order and include prayers, and differs from Nusach Sefard (as used by the Hasidim) and Baladi-rite prayer, and still more from the Sephardic rit ...

, district = , status = , functional_status = , coordinates = , map_type = Serbia , map_size = 250 , map_relief = 1 , map_caption = Location of the former synagogue in

Serbia , image_flag = Flag of Serbia.svg , national_motto = , image_coat = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg , national_anthem = () , image_map = , map_caption = Location of Serbia (gree ...

, leadership = , website = , architect =

Lipót Baumhorn Lipót Baumhorn (, , 28 December 1860, Kisbér – 8 July 1932, Kisbér) was a Hungarian people, Hungarian architect of Jewish heritage, the most influential Hungarian synagogue architect in the first half of the 20th century. He drew blueprints ...

, architecture_type =

Synagogue architecture Synagogue architecture often follows styles in vogue at the place and time of construction. There is no set blueprint for synagogues and architectural shapes and interior designs of synagogues vary greatly. According to tradition, the Shekhinah ...

, architecture_style = , facade_direction = , established = , consecration_year = 1905, 1945 , year_completed = 1909 , construction_cost = , capacity = 900 worshipers , length = , width = , width_nave = , height_max = , dome_quantity = One , dome_height_outer = , dome_height_inner = , dome_dia_outer = , dome_dia_inner = , minaret_quantity = , minaret_height = , spire_quantity = Two , spire_height = , materials = Brick , module = , footnotes = The Novi Sad Synagogue ( sr-Cyrl-Latn, Новосадска синагога, Novosadska sinagoga) is a former

Neolog Neologs (, "Neolog faction") are one of the two large communal organizations among Hungarian Jewry. Socially, the liberal and modernist Neologs had been more inclined toward integration into Hungarian society since the Era of Emancipation in th ...

Jewish Jews (, , ), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group and nation, originating from the Israelites of History of ancient Israel and Judah, ancient Israel and Judah. They also traditionally adhere to Judaism. Jewish ethnicity, rel ...

congregation and

synagogue A synagogue, also called a shul or a temple, is a place of worship for Jews and Samaritans. It is a place for prayer (the main sanctuary and sometimes smaller chapels) where Jews attend religious services or special ceremonies such as wed ...

, located on Jevrejska (Jewish) Street, in the

city center A city centre, also known as an urban core, is the commercial, cultural and often the historical, political, and geographic heart of a city. The term "city centre" is primarily used in British English, and closely equivalent terms that exist in ...

, in the province of

Serbia , image_flag = Flag of Serbia.svg , national_motto = , image_coat = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg , national_anthem = () , image_map = , map_caption = Location of Serbia (gree ...

. Completed in 1909, the building was used as a synagogue until ; and subsequently used as

cultural center A cultural center or cultural centre is an organization, building or complex that promotes culture and arts. Cultural centers can be neighborhood community arts organizations, private facilities, government-sponsored, or activist-run. Africa * ...

since 2012. During its use, with a capacity of 900 worshipers, the synagogue was one of the largest synagogues in Central Europe. The Novi Sad Synagogue was added to

Spatial Cultural-Historical Units of Great Importance Spatial Cultural-Historical Units of Great Importance (/) are the monuments in Serbia that have the second level of the State protection. Those are part of the Cultural Property of Great Importance (Serbia), Cultural Property of Great Importance pr ...

list in 1991, and it is protected by

Republic of Serbia , image_flag = Flag of Serbia.svg , national_motto = , image_coat = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg , national_anthem = () , image_map = , map_caption = Location of Serbia (gree ...

History

On the site of the contemporary former synagogue, from 1749 until 1906, there were four synagogues. As the Jewish community developed, it tended to build new synagogues on the site of the former synagogue. The fourth was an exception. It was built in 1826 and ruined during the Riot bombing in 1849. The first synagogue was not on the site of the current edifice, but at the Kralja Aleksandra Street, dated from earlier than 1717. The former synagogue became a major project for the entire Jewish community of Novi Sad, on which construction began in 1905 and was completed in 1909. Projected by Hungarian architect

, it was part of a bigger complex of buildings that included, on both sides of the synagogue, two edifices decorated in a similar pattern; one building served as the Jewish school and other as offices of the Jewish community, including a

mikvah A mikveh or mikvah (, ''mikva'ot'', ''mikvot'', or ( Ashkenazic) ''mikves'', lit., "a collection") is a bath used for ritual immersion in Judaism to achieve ritual purity. In Orthodox Judaism, these regulations are steadfastly adhered t ...

, slaughterhouse, school, retirement home, and an orphanage. Designed in the eclectic

Hungarian Secession Hungarian may refer to: * Hungary, a country in Central Europe * Kingdom of Hungary, state of Hungary, existing between 1000 and 1946 * Hungarians/Magyars, ethnic groups in Hungary * Hungarian algorithm, a polynomial time algorithm for solving the ...

and Hungarian Art Nouveau styles, the building combines medieval elements with those borrowed from Hungarian folk culture. The three-aisled main sanctuary space is topped by a high

Renaissance The Renaissance ( , ) is a Periodization, period of history and a European cultural movement covering the 15th and 16th centuries. It marked the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity and was characterized by an effort to revive and sur ...

-inspired dome with stained glass in its

cupola In architecture, a cupola () is a relatively small, usually dome-like structure on top of a building often crowning a larger roof or dome. Cupolas often serve as a roof lantern to admit light and air or as a lookout. The word derives, via Ital ...

. Two fanciful towers flank the grandiose entrance

façade A façade or facade (; ) is generally the front part or exterior of a building. It is a loanword from the French language, French (), which means "frontage" or "face". In architecture, the façade of a building is often the most important asp ...

, which features a large rose window under an arch. More than 4,000 Jews lived in Novi Sad before the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

, out of a total population of 80,000. Approximately 1,000 Jews from Novi Sad survived the

Holocaust The Holocaust (), known in Hebrew language, Hebrew as the (), was the genocide of History of the Jews in Europe, European Jews during World War II. From 1941 to 1945, Nazi Germany and Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy ...

that followed the German invasion of

Yugoslavia , common_name = Yugoslavia , life_span = 1918–19921941–1945: World War II in Yugoslavia#Axis invasion and dismemberment of Yugoslavia, Axis occupation , p1 = Kingdom of SerbiaSerbia , flag_p ...

in 1941 and the annexation of

Bačka Bačka ( sr-Cyrl, Бачка, ) or Bácska (), is a geographical and historical area within the Pannonian Plain bordered by the river Danube to the west and south, and by the river Tisza to the east. It is divided between Serbia and Hungary. ...

region by

Hungary Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning much of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and ...

. In the 1940s Jews from Novi Sad were imprisoned in the synagogue before their deportation to Nazi death camps. The building was also used as a storehouse for furniture and other possessions left behind by the city's Jews. After the war, the building was reused as a synagogue until . After WWII and following the

Yugoslav Wars The Yugoslav Wars were a series of separate but related#Naimark, Naimark (2003), p. xvii. ethnic conflicts, wars of independence, and Insurgency, insurgencies that took place from 1991 to 2001 in what had been the Socialist Federal Republic of ...

from 1991 to 2001, many Jews moved to Israel or countries that offer more economic opportunity. The synagogue was partially renovated in the early 1990s. Since 2012, the former synagogue has been used for concerts and performances, as well as for the celebration of major Jewish holidays. , an estimated 640 Jews were living in Novi Sad and the former synagogue was in need of significant repairs.

Gallery

Синагога у Новом Саду (поглед из улице Петра Драпшина).JPG, Former synagogue from Petra Drapština Street Sinagoga 08.jpg, Former synagogue from Jewish Street Новосадска синагога са Балетском школом.JPG, Former ballet school ( moved in 2021) Јеврејска заједница.JPG, Jewish community building Капија Синагоге.JPG, Former synagogue entrance gateway Синагога Јеврејска улица Нови Сад.JPG, Dome of the former synagogue Синагога у Новом Саду.JPG, Right main entrance Новосадска синагога.JPG, Central main entrance Novi Sad Synagogue 15.jpg, Entrance details of the former synagogue Novi Sad Synagogue - Aron HaKodesh.jpg, The interior view of the former synagogue -

Aron hakodesh A Torah ark (also known as the ''hekhal'', , or ''aron qodesh'', ) is an ornamental chamber in the synagogue that houses the Torah scrolls. History The ark is also known as the ''ark of law'', or in Hebrew the ''Aron Kodesh'' () or ''aron ha-Kod ...

Нови Сад, витраж синагоги (4203677025).jpg, Central stained glass window

References

Citations

Sources

* * * * * * * * *

External links

* {{Authority control 18th-century establishments in Serbia 20th-century synagogues in Europe Art Nouveau architecture in Serbia Art Nouveau synagogues

Synagogue A synagogue, also called a shul or a temple, is a place of worship for Jews and Samaritans. It is a place for prayer (the main sanctuary and sometimes smaller chapels) where Jews attend religious services or special ceremonies such as wed ...

Jewish organizations established in the 18th century Neolog synagogues in Serbia Religious buildings and structures in Vojvodina Spatial Cultural-Historical Units of Great Importance Synagogue buildings with domes Synagogues completed in 1909 Former synagogues in Serbia

History

Gallery

See also

References

Citations

Sources

External links