Sydney Museum

The Museum of Sydney (MOS) is a historical collection and exhibit, built on the ruins of the house of New South Wales' first Governor, Arthur Phillip, on the present-day corner of Phillip and Bridge Street, Sydney.

Description

The museum is situated on the remains of the first Government House that was built in 1788, later deemed inadequate in 1832 and demolished in 1845–1846. In 1982 there were plans to develop on this site which was subject to an archaeological investigation. The first excavations took place in 1983. In October 1983 Premier Neville Wran announced that the site would be preserved and that an international competition would be held for a building that recognises the site's history. The museum and the site it is located on is managed by Museums of History NSW.

The museum building on the site was designed by Denton Corker Marshall architects.

The Museum of Sydney explores colonial and contemporary Sydney through objects, pictures, and new digital media techniques. Panoramic views of Sydney— from 1788 until today— stretch across walls and video screens. Sydney's convict era is explored in a giant showcase of goods and chattels recovered from more than 25 archaeological digs.

Origins of the name

When it was commissioned, the project was called the ''First Government House Museum''.Poland, Peter, (President, Woollahra History and Heritage Society Inc). "Intellectual Hijacking" (letter to the editor). ''Sydney Morning Herald''. 1 December 1993. p. 14. "Geraldine O'Brien is right when she describes "The Museum of Sydney on the Site of First Government House" as a mouthful (Herald, November 20). The sad thing is that this title will be shortened to "The Museum of Sydney" which will both obscure the real significance of this very important and historic site and totally mislead those who visit the museum. The significance of the First Government House is that it was the powerhouse of the European settlement in this part of the Pacific. On this site decisions were made which not only affected the exploration of and expansion into Australia of the newcomers with all that that meant for both them and the Aborigines but also decisions which reached out to the world from Cape Town to Calcutta, Canton and California and all points in between. To call the museum which should be interpreting the far-reaching significance of this site "The Museum of Sydney" reflects an arrogance that assumes that Sydney is the only place that matters and an act of intellectual hijacking on the part of those who have been given responsibility of what was to be "The First Government House Museum"."Bain, Adrian. "Phillip needs filip" (letter to the editor). ''Daily Telegraph (Sydney)''. 21 December 2002. p. 32. While the museum building was under construction in November 1993, the New South Wales Minister for the Arts announced that the museum would be known as the ''Museum of Sydney on the Site of First Government House'',O'Brien, Geraldine (20 November 1993). "History underfoot in new museum on significant site". ''The Sydney Morning Herald''. p. 15.''Local Government (General) Amendment (Rate Exemptions) Regulation 2009'' (NSW) and reg 123, ''Local Government (General) Regulation 2005'' (NSW). described in the press at the time as a "mouthful" and commonly contracted to The Museum of Sydney. The change of name attracted protests."Column 8". ''The Sydney Morning Herald''. 27 January 1995. p. 1. "IT WAS, perhaps, the most genteel demonstration ever held in Sydney—the holding up of placards by the Friends of the First Government House Site at the opening of First Government House Place in Bridge Street yesterday. The Friends were the first to agitate in the early 1980s to stop the site being covered by an office block. An archaeological survey uncovered the footings of Governor Phillip's house, and after long negotiations, a museum has been built there, to open on March 11. Why are the Friends upset? They had expected their preferred name, First Government House Museum, would be chosen. Instead, the Heritage Houses Trust has called it The Museum of Sydney - so some 50 Friends had their quiet, polite, gentle and heartfelt say when the place was opened."

Forecourt

The public entrance to the museum is via First Government House Place in Bridge Street, Sydney. The outline of Phillip's residence, the first Government House, is marked out on the plaza with inlaid stone. Excavation of the site revealed examples of covered drains dated to the late 1790s and brick barrel drains dated to circa 1811 and another to circa 1828. The remains of the drains and privies are shown in their original context, along with other archeological artifacts, in glass display cases built into the pavement of the forecourt.Wong, Anna (1999)
"Colonial Sanitation, Urban Planning and Social Reform in Sydney, New South Wales 1788–1857"
''Australasian Historical Archaeology''. Vol. 17, pp. 58–69. Accessed 27 August 2011.

See also

* Culture of Sydney
* History of Sydney

References

External links

*
Museum of Sydney
Archived website, on the Site of First Government House landing page at The Historic Houses Trust.
* CC-By-SA]
* CC-By-SA]

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City museums in Australia, Sydney
Museums in Sydney
History museums in Australia
Historic Houses Trust of New South Wales
Bridge Street, Sydney