The Surma () is a major

river A river is a natural stream of fresh water that flows on land or inside Subterranean river, caves towards another body of water at a lower elevation, such as an ocean, lake, or another river. A river may run dry before reaching the end of ...

in Bangladesh, part of the Surma-Meghna River System. It starts when the

Barak River The Barak River or Barbakro or Agu flows through the states of Manipur, Mizoram and Assam in India. It flows into Bangladesh where it bifurcates into the Surma river and the Kushiyara river which converge again to become the Meghna river before ...

from northeast India divides at the Bangladesh border into the Surma and the Kushiyara rivers. It ends in

Kishoreganj District Kishoreganj District () is a district in Dhaka Division, Bangladesh. Earlier it was a ''mahakuma'' (sub-division) under Mymensingh District, Mymensingh district. 2495.07 km2 of land was taken from Mymensingh District, Mymensingh district to fo ...

, above Bhairab Bāzār, where the two rivers rejoin to form the Meghna River, which ultimately flows into the

Bay of Bengal The Bay of Bengal is the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. Geographically it is positioned between the Indian subcontinent and the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese peninsula, located below the Bengal region. Many South Asian and Southe ...

Bhola District Bhola District () is an administrative district of Barisal Division in south-central Bangladesh, which includes Bhola Island, the largest island of Bangladesh. It has an area of 3,403.48 km2. It is bounded by Lakshmipur and Barisal Distri ...

Course

From its source in the Manipur Hills near Mao Songsang, in India, the river is known as the

. At the border with Bangladesh, the river divides into two branches, the northern branch being called the Surma River and the southern the Kushiyara River. This is where the river enters the Sylhet Depression (or trough) which forms the Surma Basin. The Surma is fed by tributaries from the Meghalaya Hills to the north, and is also known as the Baulai River after it is joined by the south-flowing Someshwari River. The Kushiyara receives tributaries from the Sylhet Hills and Tripura Hills to the south, the principal one from the Tripura Hills being the Manu. The Kushiyara is also known as the Kalni River after it is joined by a major offshoot (distributary) from the Surma. When the Surma and the Kushiyara finally rejoin in

above Bhairab Bazar, the river is known as the Meghna River. The Surma passes through many

haor A () is a wetland ecosystem in the north eastern part of Bangladesh which physically is a bowl or saucer shaped shallow Depression (geology), depression, also known as a backswamp.MK Alam; ''Wave attack in Haor areas of Bangladesh and cement co ...

Gallery

File:Surma river.JPG File:BD Surma 2.jpg File:05122009 River Surma Sylhet photo2 Ranadipam Basu.jpg

References

External links

* Rivers of Bangladesh Bay of Bengal Kishoreganj District Distributaries of the Ganges Rivers of Dhaka Division {{Bangladesh-river-stub