The Supreme Court of Tajikistan (, ) is the most senior body of

civil Civil may refer to: *Civility, orderly behavior and politeness *Civic virtue, the cultivation of habits important for the success of a society *Civil (journalism) ''The Colorado Sun'' is an online news outlet based in Denver, Colorado. It lau ...

criminal In ordinary language, a crime is an unlawful act punishable by a State (polity), state or other authority. The term ''crime'' does not, in modern criminal law, have any simple and universally accepted definition,Farmer, Lindsay: "Crime, definiti ...

, and

administrative law Administrative law is a division of law governing the activities of government agency, executive branch agencies of government. Administrative law includes executive branch rulemaking (executive branch rules are generally referred to as "regul ...

in the Republic of Tajikistan.

History

During the

Soviet era The history of the Soviet Union (USSR) (1922–91) began with the ideals of the Russian Bolshevik Revolution and ended in dissolution amidst economic collapse and political disintegration. Established in 1922 following the Russian Civil War, ...

, the Supreme Court of the

Tajik SSR The Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic, also commonly known as Soviet Tajikistan, the Tajik SSR, TaSSR, or simply Tajikistan, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union which existed from 1929 to 1991 in Central Asia. The Tajik Re ...

served as the highest judicial body in the

Soviet republic A soviet republic (from ), also called council republic, is a republic in which the government is formed of soviets (workers' councils) and politics are based on soviet democracy. During the Revolutions of 1917–1923, various revolutionary ...

of Tajikistan. In 1924, the People’s Commissariat of Justice (now the Justice Ministry) was created on Tajik territory. 5 years later, the Supreme Court was created. In accordance with the law "On the Judicial System in the Tajik SSR" adopted on 11 December 1981, the Supreme Court of the Tajik SSR was made into independent institution that was elected by the

Supreme Soviet of the Tajik SSR The Supreme Soviet of the Tajik SSR (; ) was the supreme soviet (main legislative institution) of the Tajik SSR, one of the republics comprising the Soviet Union. The Supreme Soviet had very little power and carried out orders given by the Comm ...

. During the transitional period of independence of 1992–1993 which occurred after the

collapse of the USSR The Soviet Union was formally dissolved as a sovereign state and subject of international law on 26 December 1991 by Declaration No. 142-N of the Soviet of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. Declaration No. 142-Н of ...

, the judicial authorities of Tajikistan continued to operate on the basis of the 1978 Constitution of the Tajik SSR until a new judicial law would be adopted. The Supreme Court of the Republic of Tajikistan was reformed on 28 December 1993. As of 2019, the Supreme Court currently consists of 16 judges.

List of chairmen since independence

* Fayzullo Abdulloev (1996–2000) * Salimboi Fatkhulloev (2000–2006) * Nusratullo Abdulloev (2006–2015) * Shermuhammad Shokhiyon (2015–Present)

Organizational structure

The Supreme Court is the highest body in the judicial system which consists of the following elements: *Civil and criminal court *Supreme Economic Court *

Military court A court-martial (plural ''courts-martial'' or ''courts martial'', as "martial" is a postpositive adjective) is a military court or a trial conducted in such a court. A court-martial is empowered to determine the guilt of members of the arme ...

s (organized by military garrisons) *Regional courts The Supreme Court itself consists of the following: * Plenum *

Presidium A presidium or praesidium is a council of executive officers in some countries' political assemblies that collectively administers its business, either alongside an individual president or in place of one. The term is also sometimes used for the ...

* Judicial board for civil cases * Judicial board for

cases * Judicial board for administrative cases * Judicial board for family cases * Military Collegium

References

{{Asia topic, Supreme Court of, title=Supreme Courts of Asia, countries_only=yes Law of Tajikistan Government of Tajikistan

Tajikistan Tajikistan, officially the Republic of Tajikistan, is a landlocked country in Central Asia. Dushanbe is the capital city, capital and most populous city. Tajikistan borders Afghanistan to the Afghanistan–Tajikistan border, south, Uzbekistan to ...

1929 establishments in the Soviet Union