Sunzha (; ) is a town and the

administrative center An administrative centre is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune, is located. In countries with French as the administrative language, such as Belgiu ...

of the

Sunzhensky District Sunzhunsky District is the name of several administrative and municipal districts in Russia: * Sunzhensky District, Chechen Republic, an administrative and municipal district of the Chechen Republic *Sunzhensky District, Republic of Ingushetia, a ...

of the

Republic of Ingushetia Ingushetia or Ingushetiya, officially the Republic of Ingushetia, is a Republics of Russia, republic of Russia located in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe. The republic is part of the North Caucasian Federal District, and shares land border ...

Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

. Before 2016 it was called Ordzhonikidzevskaya, after Soviet political leader

Grigoriy Ordzhonikidze Sergo Konstantinovich Ordzhonikidze, ; (born Grigol Konstantines dze Orjonikidze; 18 February 1937) was an Old Bolshevik and a Soviet statesman. Born and raised in Georgia, in the Russian Empire, Ordzhonikidze joined the Bolsheviks at an e ...

. Population: As of the 2010 Census, it was the most populous rural locality in Russia.

Geography

Sunzha is located in the valley of the river

Sunzha Sunzha (; ) is a town and the administrative center of the Sunzhensky District of the Republic of Ingushetia, Russia. Before 2016 it was called Ordzhonikidzevskaya, after Soviet political leader Grigoriy Ordzhonikidze. Population: As of the ...

, northeast from

Nazran Nazran (; ) is the largest city in Ingushetia, Russia. It served as the republic's capital from 1991 to 2000, until it was replaced by Magas, which was built for this purpose. It is the most populous city in the republic: Etymology The name ...

, and west from Grozny. Historically, the town was laid on the northern bank of the river, however, currently both banks are inhabited. Sunzhensky ridge is situated to the north of the town. To the west, Sunzha borders Troitskya, on the east Sernovosky of the Sunzhensky District of Chechnya. to the south lies Nesterovskaya. The train station Sleptsovkaya of the North Caucasian railway is the last stop on the trail. The railway connection between Sunzha and Grozny existed before the military conflict in Chechnya, however, in the 1990s the railways had been damaged and consequently destroyed.

Climate

Sunzha has a

humid continental climate A humid continental climate is a climatic region defined by Russo-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1900, typified by four distinct seasons and large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers, and cold ...

(

Köppen climate classification The Köppen climate classification divides Earth climates into five main climate groups, with each group being divided based on patterns of seasonal precipitation and temperature. The five main groups are ''A'' (tropical), ''B'' (arid), ''C'' (te ...

: ''Dfa'').

History

The establishment of the early settlement is associated with the

Ingush Ingush may refer to: * Ingush language, Northeast Caucasian language * Ingush people, an ethnic group of the North Caucasus See also *Ingushetia (disambiguation) Ingushetia is a federal republic and subject of Russia. Ingushetia may also refer ...

highlanders moving from the Assinkoe gorge to the plains. In 18th century Ingush highlanders established settlements in the modern Sunzhensky district of Ingushetia. According to the maps of 1834, several Ingush settlements are known to the area, including Kurei-Yurt which was lying on the modern boundaries of the town of Sunzha. According to the rapport by the Vladikavkaz commandant the population of village Kurai-Yurt was 585 people, which was considered to be a relatively large settlement. The other sources acknowledge the village under the name of Korei-Yurd, such as on the "Map of left flank of the Caucausian line" in 1840. The founder of the village was Kuri, the son of Ali ), from the Leimi village of the mountainous Dzheirakhski district of Ingushetia. In the late 20s of the XIX, he moved from his native Leimi and established Kuri-Yurt which existed until 1845, where it was destroyed during the Russian colonization, which established Sunzha line of cossacks settlements on the sights of villages of the indigenous population. During the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughl ...

, the town was the administrative capital of the Sunzhensky Otdel of the

Terek Oblast The Terek Oblast was a province (''oblast'') of the Caucasus Viceroyalty (1801–1917), Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, roughly corresponding to the central part of Russia's North Caucasian Federal District. Тhe ''оblast'' was created ...

. In 1845, during the Caucasian war, stanitsa Sunzhenskay has been established as a part of Sunzha cossack line. The stanitsas were inhabited by settlers from already existing cossack settlements in the Caucasus, as well as Don cossacks.

Notable people

* Zarifa Sautieva, activist *

Movsar Evloev Movsar Magomedovich Evloev (born February 11, 1994) is a Russian professional mixed martial artist. He currently competes in the Featherweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). A professional since 2014, he has also competed ...

Geography

Climate

History

Notable people

Notes

References

Bibliography