''Sundae'' (, sometimes

anglicized Anglicisation or anglicization is a form of cultural assimilation whereby something non-English becomes assimilated into or influenced by the culture of England. It can be sociocultural, in which a non-English place adopts the English language ...

as ''soondae'') is a type of

blood sausage A blood sausage is a sausage filled with blood that is cooked or dried and mixed with a filler until it is thick enough to solidify when cooled. Most commonly, the blood of pigs, sheep, lamb, cow, chicken, or goose is used. In Europe and the ...

Korean cuisine Korean cuisine is the set of foods and culinary styles which are associated with Korean culture. This cuisine has evolved through centuries of social and political change. Originating from ancient Prehistoric Korea, agricultural and nomad ...

. It is a popular

street food Street food is food sold by a Hawker (trade), hawker or vendor on a street or at another public place, such as a market, fair, or park. It is often sold from a portable food booth, food cart, or food truck and is meant for immediate consumption ...

in both

North North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. ''North'' is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating Direction (geometry), direction or geography. Etymology T ...

and South Korea, generally made by

steaming Steaming is a method of cooking using steam. This is often done with a food steamer, a kitchen appliance made specifically to cook food with steam, but food can also be steamed in a wok. In the American Southwest, steam pits used for cooking ha ...

cow or pig's

intestine The gastrointestinal tract (GI tract, digestive tract, alimentary canal) is the tract or passageway of the digestive system that leads from the mouth to the anus. The tract is the largest of the body's systems, after the cardiovascular system. T ...

s stuffed with various ingredients.

History

The ''sundae'' sausage dates back to the

Goryeo Goryeo (; ) was a Korean state founded in 918, during a time of national division called the Later Three Kingdoms period, that unified and ruled the Korea, Korean Peninsula until the establishment of Joseon in 1392. Goryeo achieved what has b ...

period (918–1392), when

wild boar The wild boar (''Sus scrofa''), also known as the wild swine, common wild pig, Eurasian wild pig, or simply wild pig, is a Suidae, suid native to much of Eurasia and North Africa, and has been introduced to the Americas and Oceania. The speci ...

s, prominent across the

Korean Peninsula Korea is a peninsular region in East Asia consisting of the Korean Peninsula, Jeju Island, and smaller islands. Since the end of World War II in 1945, it has been politically divided at or near the 38th parallel between North Korea (Dem ...

, were used in the dish. Recipes for ''sundae'' are found in nineteenth century cookbooks including '' Gyuhap chongseo'' and '' Siuijeonseo''. Traditional ''sundae'', cow or pig intestines stuffed with '' seonji'' (blood),

minced meat Ground meat, called mince or minced meat outside North America, is meat finely chopped by a meat grinder or a chopping knife. A common type of ground meat is ground beef, but many other types of meats are prepared in a similar fashion, incl ...

rice Rice is a cereal grain and in its Domestication, domesticated form is the staple food of over half of the world's population, particularly in Asia and Africa. Rice is the seed of the grass species ''Oryza sativa'' (Asian rice)—or, much l ...

, and

vegetable Vegetables are edible parts of plants that are consumed by humans or other animals as food. This original meaning is still commonly used, and is applied to plants collectively to refer to all edible plant matter, including edible flower, flo ...

s, was an indulgent food consumed during special occasions, festivities and large family gatherings. After the

Korean War The Korean War (25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953) was an armed conflict on the Korean Peninsula fought between North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea; DPRK) and South Korea (Republic of Korea; ROK) and their allies. North Korea was s ...

, when meat was scarce during the period of post-war poverty, '' dangmyeon'' replaced meat fillings in South Korea. ''Sundae'' became an inexpensive street snack sold in '' bunsikjip'' (snack bars), '' pojangmacha'' (street stalls), and traditional markets.

Recipe

The skin of sundae is made by rubbing the pig intestines with salt and flour to get rid of the smell. When flipping the trimmed pig intestines, the clean side is exposed to the outside. Put pork skin in it along with tofu, bean sprouts, glutinous rice, and various spices. The sundae made in this way is steamed in a cauldron.

Varieties

Traditional South Korean varieties, as well as all North Korean, Russian Korean (

Koryo-saram Koryo-saram (; ) or Koryoin () are ethnic Koreans of the post-Soviet states, former Soviet Union, who descend from Koreans that were living in the Russian Far East. Koreans first began settling in the Russian Far East in the late 19th century. ...

and Sakhalin Korean), and Chinese Korean ''sundae'' fillings include '' seonji'' (blood), minced meat,

, and

s. Modern South Korean '' bunsik'' (snack food) varieties often use '' dangmyeon'' (glass noodles) instead of meat, rice, and vegetables. Other fillings include '' kkaennip'' (perilla leaves),

scallion Scallions (also known as green onions and spring onions) are edible vegetables of various species in the genus ''Allium''. Scallions generally have a milder taste than most onions. Their close relatives include garlic, shallots, leeks, chive ...

s, ''

doenjang ''Doenjang'' * () or soybean paste is a type of fermented bean paste made entirely of soybean and brine used in Korean cuisine. It is also a byproduct of soup soy sauce production. It is sometimes used as a relish. History The earliest soyb ...

'' (soybean paste),

kimchi Kimchi (; ) is a traditional Korean side dish (''banchan'') consisting of salted and fermented vegetables, most often napa cabbage or Korean radish. A wide selection of seasonings are used, including '' gochugaru'' (Korean chili powder), ...

, and

soybean sprout Soybean sprout is a culinary vegetable grown by sprouting soybeans. It can be grown by placing and watering the sprouted soybeans in the shade until the roots grow long. Soybean sprouts are extensively cultivated and consumed in Asian countries. ...

s. Regional varieties include ''abai-sundae'' () from the Hamgyong and Pyongan Provinces, ''Kaesong-sundae'' () from

Kaesong Kaesong (, ; ) is a special city in the southern part of North Korea (formerly in North Hwanghae Province), and the capital of Korea during the Taebong kingdom and subsequent Goryeo dynasty. The city is near the Kaesong Industrial Region cl ...

, ''Baegam-sundae'' () from

Yongin Yongin (; ) is a city in the Seoul Metropolitan Area, the largest in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. With a population over 1 million, the city has developed rapidly since the 21st century, recording the highest population growth of any city in th ...

, ''Jeju-sundae'' () from

Jeju Island Jeju Island (Jeju language, Jeju/) is South Korea's largest island, covering an area of , which is 1.83% of the total area of the country. Alongside outlying islands, it is part of Jeju Province and makes up the majority of the province. The i ...

, ''Byeongcheon-sundae'' () from

Chungcheong Province Chungcheong Province (; ) was one of the Eight Provinces (Korea), eight provinces of Korea during the Joseon Dynasty. Chungcheong was located in the southwest of Korea. The provincial capital was located at Gongju, which had been the capital o ...

, and ''amppong-sundae'' () from Jeolla Province. Some varieties use seafood as casing. ''Ojingeo-sundae'' (), made with fresh

squid A squid (: squid) is a mollusc with an elongated soft body, large eyes, eight cephalopod limb, arms, and two tentacles in the orders Myopsida, Oegopsida, and Bathyteuthida (though many other molluscs within the broader Neocoleoidea are also ...

, is a local specialty of Gangwon, while ''mareun-ojingeo-sundae'' () made with dried squid is eaten in Gangwon as well as

Gyeonggi Gyeonggi Province (, ) is the most populous province in South Korea. Seoul, the nation's largest city and capital, is in the heart of the area but has been separately administered as a provincial-level ''special city'' since 1946. Incheon, ...

. ''Myeongtae-sundae'' (), made with Alaska pollock is a local specialty of Gangwon and Hamgyong. ''Eogyo-sundae'' () is made with the

swim bladder The swim bladder, gas bladder, fish maw, or air bladder is an internal gas-filled organ (anatomy), organ in bony fish that functions to modulate buoyancy, and thus allowing the fish to stay at desired water depth without having to maintain lift ...

of brown croakers. File:Pork suyuk and sundae.jpg, Traditional ''sundae'' (blood sausage) served with steamed

offal Offal (), also called variety meats, pluck or organ meats, is the internal organ (anatomy), organs of a butchered animal. Offal may also refer to the by-products of Milling (grinding), milled grains, such as corn or wheat. Some cultures strong ...

File:Sundae 3.jpg, '' Bunsik''-style ''sundae'' stuffed with '' dangmyeon'' (cellophane noodles) File:Korean cuisine-Ojingeo sundae-01.jpg, ''Ojingeo-sundae'' (squid ''sundae'') File:Abai-sundae.jpg, ''Abai-sundae'' File:Pi-sundae 2.jpg, Blood ''sundae'' File:Pi-sundae 1.jpg File:2020-04-09 14.48.18 엄청난떡볶이 순대.jpg

Accompaniments

In South Korea, ''sundae'' is often steamed and served with steamed offals such as '' gan'' (liver) and '' heopa'' (lung). Sliced pieces of ''sundae'' and sides are dipped in

salt In common usage, salt is a mineral composed primarily of sodium chloride (NaCl). When used in food, especially in granulated form, it is more formally called table salt. In the form of a natural crystalline mineral, salt is also known as r ...

black pepper Black pepper (''Piper nigrum'') is a flowering vine in the family Piperaceae, cultivated for its fruit (the peppercorn), which is usually dried and used as a spice and seasoning. The fruit is a drupe (stonefruit) which is about in diameter ...

mixture (

Seoul Seoul, officially Seoul Special Metropolitan City, is the capital city, capital and largest city of South Korea. The broader Seoul Metropolitan Area, encompassing Seoul, Gyeonggi Province and Incheon, emerged as the world's List of cities b ...

), in

vinegar Vinegar () is an aqueous solution of diluted acetic acid and trace compounds that may include flavorings. Vinegar typically contains from 5% to 18% acetic acid by volume. Usually, the acetic acid is produced by a double fermentation, converting ...

gochujang ''Gochujang'' or red chili paste * is a savory, sweet, and spicy fermented condiment popular in Korean cooking. It is made from '' gochugaru'' (red chili powder), glutinous rice, '' meju'' (fermented soybean) powder, ''yeotgireum'' (barley m ...

mixture (

Honam Honam (; literally "south of the lake") is a region coinciding with the former Jeolla Province in what is now South Korea. Today, the term refers to Gwangju, South Jeolla Province, Jeju Province and Jeonbuk State. The name "Jeonla-do" is used i ...

), seasoned soybean paste in

Yeongnam Yeongnam (, ; literally "south of the ridge") is a region that coincides with the former Gyeongsang Province, one of the ancient Eight Provinces, in what is now South Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a countr ...

, and

soy sauce Soy sauce (sometimes called soya sauce in British English) is a liquid condiment of China, Chinese origin, traditionally made from a fermentation (food), fermented paste of soybeans, roasted cereal, grain, brine, and ''Aspergillus oryzae'' or ''A ...

in Jeju. ''Sundae'' is sold a lot at ''guk-bap'' restaurants or bunsikjip (snack bars). As ''sundae'' is often sold in '' bunsikjip,'' along with '' tteok-bokki'' (stir-fried rice cakes) and '' twigim'' (fritters), it is also dipped in ''tteok-bokki'' sauce. Many ''bunsikjip'' offer ''tteok-twi-sun'', a set menu with ''tteok-bokki'', ''twigim'' and ''sundae''.

''Sundae'' dishes

* ''Sundae-guk'' () – a '' guk'' (soup) made with ''sundae'', other

s, and

meat Meat is animal Tissue (biology), tissue, often muscle, that is eaten as food. Humans have hunted and farmed other animals for meat since prehistory. The Neolithic Revolution allowed the domestication of vertebrates, including chickens, sheep, ...

. * ''Sundae-bokkeum'' () – a '' bokkeum'' (stir-fry) made with ''sundae'', vegetables, and

. * ''Baek-sundae-bokkeum'' () – a ''sundae-bokkeum'' without

. File:Sundae-guk.jpg, ''Sundae-guk'' (blood sausage soup) served in '' ttukbaegi'' File:2015년 10월 25일 과천시 굴다리시장 형태네집 순대볶음.jpg, ''Sundae-bokkeum'' (stir-fried blood sausage with vegetables)

References

{{Sausage Blood sausages Bunsik Korean sausages Street food in South Korea Precooked sausages

History

Recipe

Varieties

Accompaniments

''Sundae'' dishes

See also

References