Sun Yee On

Sun Yee On ( zh, t=新義安, j=san ji on, cy=sān yih ōn), or the New Righteousness and Peace Commercial and Industrial Guild, is one of the leading triads in Hong Kong and China. It has more than 25,000 members worldwide.
It is also believed to be active in the UK, the United States, France, and Belgium.

History

Sun Yee On was founded by , originally from Teochew (Chaozhou), in 1919.
''Yee On'' ( zh, t=義安, j=ji on, cy=yih ōn) is a historical name for Chaozhou. Mainly through ethnic Chinese diaspora, it is thought to extend to the United States, Canada, Thailand, Australia, South Africa and Central America. Chin was deported to Taiwan in the early 1950s. His eldest son, Heung Wah-yim, who ostensibly worked as a law clerk, allegedly took over Sun Yee On in his place. The triad is also noted as being founded by " Teochew and Hokkien immigrants" to Hong Kong.

1980s spill

In February 1986, a former Hong Kong police officer, Anthony Chung, who had become a member of Sun Yee On, asked the police for protection. He identified Heung Wah-yim as the leader of the triad, and this led to the police arresting eleven members of the Triad on 1 April 1987. Whilst searching Heung Wah-yim's law office, they found a list of 900 numbered names, which appeared to be a membership list of Sun Yee On. In October, Heung Wah-yim was brought to trial, along with five accomplices who all pleaded guilty. Heung Wah-yim professed his innocence throughout the trial, claiming to be the president of a local chapter of the Lions Club and that the list found in his office consisted of potential donors. Chung and another former member were the main prosecution witnesses. On 20 January 1988, the jury found five of the defendants guilty, including Heung Wah-yim who was sentenced to seven and a half years in prison, acquitting the sixth.

2000s

The triad operates several vice establishments in Tsim Sha Tsui and Yau Ma Tei, or at least did in November 2010 when a 29-year-old alleged office-bearer or "red pole" of the triad, named "Sai B" Chan, was arrested for vice offences and money laundering.

Lee Tai-lung (), a Sun Yee On boss in Tsim Sha Tsui, was murdered in front of the Kowloon Shangri-La hotel on 4 August 2009 by members of the Wo Shing Wo gang. It was supposedly a revenge attack ordered by Leung Kwok-chung, a senior member of a Wo Shing Wo crew in Tai Kok Tsui who was injured by Lee during a bar fight in July 2006 in Prat Avenue. Following Lee's death, three of his former followers stepped in to defend his lucrative entertainment empire from other triads. In 2011(?), Lee's three followers were tracked by "Ko Tat", another "red pole" in Wan Chai, who failed to spread his influence across the harbour. Tai Hau, leader of another Sun Yee On faction active in Tuen Mun, tried to encroach upon Lee's West Kowloon and Tsim Sha Tsui operations. His attempts were thwarted by an undercover police operation, as a result of which 222 people were arrested in January 2012. The Organised Crime and Triad Bureau suspects that "Ko Chun" may be the latest kingpin of Lee's original turf.Lo, Clifford; Cheung, Simpson (19 January 2012). "Forget blood, it's all about the money", ''South China Morning Post''

On 22 March 2012, police arrested 102 members of Sun Yee On in Shenzhen, China.100 members of Hong Kong triad arrested in Shenzhen
, ''wantchinatimes''

In popular culture

* In the anime adaptation of ''Black Lagoon'', the Thai branch of Sun Yee On, led by a man named Wan, is based in the fictional city of Roanapur and competes with the other organized crime syndicates in the city like the 14K.
* The 2012 video game '' Sleeping Dogs'' focuses on Wei Shen, an undercover police officer transferred from San Francisco to Hong Kong and the HKPF as part of a joint operation to infiltrate the "Sun On Yee", inspired by the Sun Yee On, and eliminate or incarcerate their most powerful members. What makes Wei the most likely candidate, but also the most dangerous one, is that he grew up with some Sun On Yee members, giving him a way to integrate within the triad but has his superiors concerned that he might eventually become too attached and possibly forget his law enforcement duties.

See also

* Charles Heung and Jimmy Heung are Heung Chin's other sons and involved in activities outside of Sun Yee On.

References

{{Organized crime groups in the United States

Organized crime groups in China
Organised crime groups in Hong Kong
Triad groups
Gangs in Belgium
Gangs in England
Gangs in France
Gangs in South Africa
Organizations established in 1919
Philippine drug war
Chaozhou
Gangs in South Korea
Organised crime groups in South Africa