The Summit Lake Paiute Tribe of Nevada is a

federally recognized tribe This is a list of federally recognized tribes in the contiguous United States of America. There are also federally recognized Alaska Native tribes. , 574 Indian tribes were legally recognized by the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) of the Unite ...

of Northern Paiute Indians in northwest

Nevada Nevada ( ; ) is a state in the Western region of the United States. It is bordered by Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast, and Utah to the east. Nevada is the 7th-most extensive, ...

.Pritzker, 226 Their autonym in their language is ''Agai Panina Ticutta,'' meaning "Fish Lake Eaters."d'Azevedo, 463 They are traditionally known as the "Fish Eaters.""About the Tribe."
''Summit Lake Paiute Tribe Environmental Protection Department.'' 30 July 2008 (retrieved 9 Dec 2009) The Summit Lake Paiute Tribe has a federal reservation, the Summit Lake Indian Reservation, at in

Humboldt County, Nevada Humboldt County is a county in the U.S. state of Nevada. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 17,285. It is a largely rural county that is sparsely populated with the only major city being Winnemucca which has a population of 8,431. Hum ...

. The reservation was established in 1913 and is , with of trust lands. At a remote northwest corner of Nevada, the tribe is the most isolated among the nine federally recognized tribes in the state. In October 2016 a federal law was passed to put approximately acres of Bureau of Land Management (BLM) land into trust for the Tribe in order to expand their reservation; this was done under the Nevada Native Nations Land Act. Gaming is prohibited on the new lands.

Reservation

The Summit Lake Indian Reservation is located at in

. The reservation was established in 1913 and is , with of trust lands. In 1990, 6 tribal members lived on the reservation. In 1992, 112 people were enrolled in the tribe. Summit Lake is part of the reservation. There is no safe source of drinking water on the reservation. Under the Nevada Native Nations Land Act, passed in October 2016, Bureau of Land Management (BLM) land and Forest Service lands in the state are being put into trust by the Department of Interior for six federally recognized tribes, to expand their reservations. Among them, Summit Lake Paiute Tribe will have of BLM land put into trust for its reservation. Gaming is prohibited on the new lands."Nevada Native Nations Land Act"
Propublica website; accessed 30 November 2016

History

Traditionally, before European-American contact, the ''Agai Panina Ticutta'' peoples controlled an area of around the borders of what is defined as present-day Nevada, California, and Oregon. Other bands of Paiute, Shoshone and Bannock held territory throughout Nevada and southwestern Oregon. Their lands were unilaterally seized by the United States (US) government following the American Civil War. In 1867 this property became part of a military reservation, Camp McGerry. After ending activities in this area, the military abandoned this camp in 1871. The buildings of Camp McGerry still standing have become tribal property. During the 1880s through the early 1900s, the state of Nevada did not allow Indian children to attend state public schools. The federal government forced tribal children to attend

Indian boarding schools American Indian boarding schools, also known more recently as American Indian residential schools, were established in the United States from the mid 17th to the early 20th centuries with a primary objective of "civilizing" or assimilating Na ...

Fort Bidwell, California Fort Bidwell is a census-designated place in Modoc County, California. It is located northeast of Alturas, at an elevation of 4564 feet (1391 m). Its population is 180 as of the 2020 census, up from 173 from the 2010 census. Geography Fort Bid ...

; Stewart, Nevada; and the

Sherman Institute Sherman Indian High School (SIHS) is an off-reservation boarding high school for Native Americans. Originally opened in 1892 as the Perris Indian School, in Perris, California, the school was relocated to Riverside, California in 1903, under the n ...

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. These were intended to assimilate children to the majority culture; they were required to speak English at school and were mixed with children of many other tribes. To keep their children in their families, many tribal members moved away from the reservation. They sometimes joined growing Indian colonies on the outskirts of cities where the parents could find work. Some of these, such as the

Reno-Sparks Indian Colony The Reno-Sparks Indian Colony in Nevada was established in the early 1900s by members of related tribes who lived near Reno for work; they became a federally recognized tribe in 1934 after forming a government under the Indian Reorganization Ac ...

, have since been formally recognized by the federal government as tribes. The current tribal reservation was created on January 14, 1913, by President

Woodrow Wilson Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856February 3, 1924) was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th president of the United States from 1913 to 1921. A member of the Democratic Party, Wilson served as the president of P ...

Executive Order In the United States, an executive order is a directive by the president of the United States that manages operations of the federal government. The legal or constitutional basis for executive orders has multiple sources. Article Two of ...

number 1681, which set aside in trust for the tribe. On October 24, 1964, the Agai Panina Ticutta Tribe of the Northern Paiute Nation voted to give up their traditional form of government, with hereditary chiefs. They created a new elected government under the 1934 Indian Reorganization Act. Following this action, they received federal recognition as the Summit Lake Paiute Tribe on January 8, 1965.

Today

The Summit Lake Paiute's tribal headquarters is located in

Sparks, Nevada Sparks is a city in Washoe County, Nevada, United States. It was founded in 1904, incorporated on March 15, 1905, and is located just east of Reno. The 2020 U.S. Census counted 108,445 residents in the city. It is the fifth most populous city in ...

."Summit Lake Paiute Council."
''Summit Lake Paiute Tribe Environmental Protection Department.'' 3 Dec 2009 (retrieved 9 Dec 2009) They have a government-to-government relationship with the US federal government. Currently 120 people are enrolled in the tribe. Their priority is protection of their natural and environmental resources. Outsiders are not allowed to hunt or fish on the reservation. The tribe is governed by an elected five-person Tribal Council, including the chairperson. They are elected for three-year terms. Their 2009-2012 tribal council is as follows: :*Chairwoman: Randi Lone Eagle :*Vice-Chairperson: Nedra Crane :*Secretary/Treasurer: Eugene Mace Sr. :*Member: Steven Crane :*Member: Philip Frank

Notes

References

* d'Azevedo, Warren L., Volume Editor. ''

Handbook of North American Indians The ''Handbook of North American Indians'' is a series of edited scholarly and reference volumes in Native American studies, published by the Smithsonian Institution beginning in 1978. Planning for the handbook series began in the late 1960s an ...

, Volume 11: Great Basin.'' Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1986. . * Pritzker, Barry M. ''A Native American Encyclopedia: History, Culture, and Peoples.'' Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. .

External links

Summit Lake Paiute Tribe Environmental Department
{{DEFAULTSORT:Summit Lake Paiute Tribe Of Nevada Paiute American Indian reservations in Nevada Geography of Humboldt County, Nevada Native American tribes in Nevada Federally recognized tribes in the United States