The Suludnon, also known as the Panay-Bukidnon, Pan-ayanon, or Tumandok, are a
Visayan group of people who reside in the
Capiz
Capiz (), officially the Province of Capiz (Capiznon language, Capiznon/Hiligaynon language, Hiligaynon: ''Kapuoran sang Capiz''; ), is a Provinces of the Philippines, province in the central part of the Western Visayas Regions of the Philippines ...
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Antique
An antique () is an item perceived as having value because of its aesthetic or historical significance, and often defined as at least 100 years old (or some other limit), although the term is often used loosely to describe any object that i ...
-
Iloilo
Iloilo ( ; ), officially the Province of Iloilo (; ; ; ), is a province in the Philippines located in the Western Visayas region. Its capital and largest city is Iloilo City, the regional center of Western Visayas and politically independen ...
mountainous area of
Panay
Panay is the sixth-largest and fourth-most populous island in the Philippines, with a total land area of and a total population of 4,542,926, as of 2020 census. Panay comprises 4.4 percent of the entire population of the country. The City of Il ...
in the
Visayan islands of the
Philippines
The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot ...
. They are one of the two only mostly non-Christianized group of
Visayan language-speakers in the
Western Visayas
Western Visayas (; ; ) is an Regions of the Philippines, administrative region in the Philippines, numerically designated as Region VI. The region comprises the islands of Panay and Guimaras Island, Guimaras. It consists of five Provinces of the ...
, along with the Halawodnon of
Lambunao
Lambunao, officially the Municipality of Lambunao (, , ), is a municipality in the province of Iloilo, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 81,236 people.
Lambunao is the largest municipality in Iloilo in terms of l ...
and
Calinog, Iloilo and Iraynon-Bukidnon of
Antique
An antique () is an item perceived as having value because of its aesthetic or historical significance, and often defined as at least 100 years old (or some other limit), although the term is often used loosely to describe any object that i ...
. Also, they are part of the wider
Visayan ethnolinguistic group, who constitute the largest
Filipino ethnolinguistic group.
Although they were once culturally related to the speakers of the
Kinaray-a,
Aklanon, and
Hiligaynon language
Hiligaynon, also often referred to as Ilonggo or Binisayâ/Bisayâ nga Hiniligaynon/Inilonggo, is an Austronesian language family, Austronesian regional language spoken in the Philippines by about 9.1 million people, predominantly in Panay, Pan ...
s, all of whom inhabit the lowlands of Panay, their isolation from
Spanish rule resulted in the continuation of a
pre-Hispanic culture and beliefs. They speak the
Iigbok language (also known as Ligbok or Sulod language), a member of the West Bisayan subdivision of the
Bisayan languages
The Bisayan languages or Visayan languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages spoken in the Philippines. They are most closely related to Tagalog and the Bikol languages, all of which are part of the Central Philippine languages. Mo ...
within the
Austronesian language
The Austronesian languages ( ) are a language family widely spoken throughout Maritime Southeast Asia, parts of Mainland Southeast Asia, Madagascar, the islands of the Pacific Ocean and Taiwan (by Taiwanese indigenous peoples). They are spoken b ...
family.
The Panay Bukidnon are known for their Binanog dance, which mimics the flight of the
Philippine eagle
The Philippine eagle (''Pithecophaga jefferyi''), also known as the monkey-eating eagle or great Philippine eagle, is a critically endangered species of eagle of the family Accipitridae which is Endemism, endemic to forests in the Geography of ...
, accompanied by an
agung
The agung is a set of two wide-rimmed, vertically suspended gongs used by the Maguindanao, Maranao, Sama-Bajau and Tausug people of the Philippines as a supportive instrument in kulintang ensembles. The agung is also ubiquitous among ot ...
ensemble. Another dance of the same name is also performed by the
Bukidnon
Bukidnon (), officially the Province of Bukidnon (; ; ; Bukid language, Binukid and Higaonon language, Higaonon: ''Probinsya ta Bukidnon''), is a landlocked Provinces of the Philippines, province in the Philippines located in the Northern Mindan ...
Lumad
The Lumad are a group of Austronesian indigenous peoples in the southern Philippines. It is a Cebuano term meaning "native" or "indigenous". The term is short for Katawhang Lumad (Literally: "indigenous people"), the autonym officially ado ...
of
Mindanao
Mindanao ( ) is the List of islands of the Philippines, second-largest island in the Philippines, after Luzon, and List of islands by population, seventh-most populous island in the world. Located in the southern region of the archipelago, the ...
, suggesting a cultural connection between the people of the Western
Visayas
The Visayas ( ), or the Visayan Islands (Bisayan languages, Visayan: ''Kabisay-an'', ; Filipino language, Filipino: ''Kabisayaan'' ), are one of the three Island groups of the Philippines, principal geographical divisions of the Philippines, a ...
and northern
Mindanao
Mindanao ( ) is the List of islands of the Philippines, second-largest island in the Philippines, after Luzon, and List of islands by population, seventh-most populous island in the world. Located in the southern region of the archipelago, the ...
in ancient times. Apart from this, they also practice the use of
bamboo
Bamboos are a diverse group of mostly evergreen perennial plant, perennial flowering plants making up the subfamily (biology), subfamily Bambusoideae of the grass family Poaceae. Giant bamboos are the largest members of the grass family, in th ...
musical instrument
A musical instrument is a device created or adapted to make Music, musical sounds. In principle, any object that produces sound can be considered a musical instrument—it is through purpose that the object becomes a musical instrument. A person ...
s, which they use to express themselves in
traditional songs,
dance
Dance is an The arts, art form, consisting of sequences of body movements with aesthetic and often Symbol, symbolic value, either improvised or purposefully selected. Dance can be categorized and described by its choreography, by its repertoir ...
s, and
epics
Epic commonly refers to:
* Epic poetry, a long narrative poem celebrating heroic deeds and events significant to a culture or nation
* Epic film, a genre of film defined by the spectacular presentation of human drama on a grandiose scale
Epic(s) ...
. They are also known for their detailed
embroidery
Embroidery is the art of decorating Textile, fabric or other materials using a Sewing needle, needle to stitch Yarn, thread or yarn. It is one of the oldest forms of Textile arts, textile art, with origins dating back thousands of years across ...
, known as ''panubok''. The heritage of the panubok is celebrated in the ''Tinubkan'' fashion show in
Iloilo City
Iloilo City, officially the City of Iloilo (; ; ), is a Cities of the Philippines#Legal classification, highly urbanized city in the Western Visayas Regions of the Philippines, region of the Philippines, located on the southeastern coast of th ...
. The Sulud are also known for their traditional practices on the mysticism of the
binukot and nabukot.
Currently, the Sulud/Panay Bukidnon faces several challenges in their existence although the local governments of Panay have realized their importance and have begun establishing several projects that help preserve their culture.
[Basco, Nony]
Panay-Bukidnon celebrates Indigenous People's Day
ABS-CBN News
ABS-CBN News and Current Affairs, known on-air as ABS-CBN News (formerly known as ''ABS-CBN News and Public Affairs''), is the news and current affairs division of the Philippine media conglomerate ABS-CBN Corporation. The division is the coun ...
. Iloilo City
Iloilo City, officially the City of Iloilo (; ; ), is a Cities of the Philippines#Legal classification, highly urbanized city in the Western Visayas Regions of the Philippines, region of the Philippines, located on the southeastern coast of th ...
. January 11, 2008.
See also
*
Bisaya people
Visayans ( Cebuano: ''mga Bisayà'' ) are a Philippine ethnolinguistic family group or metaethnicity native to the Visayas, to the southernmost islands south of Luzon, and to a significant portion of Mindanao. They are composed of numerous di ...
**
Aklanon people
The Aklanon people are the ethnolinguistic group who lived in the province of Aklan. They are part of the wider Bisaya ethnolinguistic group, who constitute the largest Filipino ethnolinguistic group.
Area
Aklanon form the majority in the provi ...
**
Boholano people
The Boholano people, also called Bol-anon, refers to the people who live in the island province of Bohol. They are considered part of the larger Cebuano people people who in turn are part of the wider Visayan ethnolinguistic group, who constitut ...
**
Capiznon people
The Capiznons ( Capiznon: ''mga Capiznon''; Spanish: ''capiceños'') are a Visayan ethnic group native to Capiz and the surrounding areas of the Western Visayas region of the Philippines. They speak Capiceño, a Visayan language. According to ...
**
Cebuano people
The Cebuano people () are the largest subgroup of the larger ethnolinguistic group Visayans, who constitute the largest Filipino ethnolinguistic group in the country. They originated in the province of Cebu in the region of Central Visayas, ...
**
Cuyunon people
**
Eskaya people
**
Hiligaynon people
The Hiligaynon people (), often referred to as Ilonggo people () or Panayan people (), are the second largest subgroup of the larger Bisaya people, Visayan Ethnic groups in the Philippines, ethnic group, whose primary language is Hiligaynon lan ...
**
Karay-a people
The Karay-a are a Visayan ethnic group native to the islands of Panay and Palawan in the Philippines. They speak the Karay-a language ().
Etymology
The ethnonym ''Karay-a'' was derived from the word ''iraya'', which means "upstream". The term , l ...
**
Masbateño people
The Masbateño people refers to the people who lived in the Masbate province of the Philippines, which is part of the Bicol Region. They are part of the wider Visayan ethnolinguistic group, who constitute the largest Filipino ethnolinguistic grou ...
**
Romblomanon people
The Romblomanon people are the indigenous inhabitants of Romblon province. They are part of the Visayan metaethnicity.
Area
Romblomanons live mainly in the province of Romblon. However, due to population increase, which the island province's s ...
**
Waray people
The Waray people (or the Waray-Waray people) are a subgroup of the larger ethnolinguistic group Bisaya people, who constitute the 4th largest Filipino ethnolinguistic group in the Philippines. Their primary language is the Waray language (als ...
References
{{Authority control
Indigenous peoples of the Philippines
Ethnic groups in Panay