Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Ismail Nasiruddin Shah ( Jawi: سلطان محمود المكتفي بالله شاه ابن المرحوم سلطان إسماعيل ناصر الدين شاه; April 1930 – 14 May 1998) was the 17th

Sultan of Terengganu The Sultan of Terengganu (, Jawi script, Jawi: ) is the title of the constitutional head of Terengganu state in Malaysia. The current sultan, Mizan Zainal Abidin of Terengganu, is the 18th sultan and 13th Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia from 2 ...

reigning from 21 September 1979 to 14 May 1998.

Life

Sultan Mahmud was born on 29 April 1930 in

Kuala Terengganu Kuala Terengganu (; Terengganu Malay language, Terengganu Malay: ''Kole Tranung''), colloquially referred to as KT, is the administrative, economic and royal List of capitals in Malaysia, city of the state of Terengganu, Malaysia. Kuala Tereng ...

. He was married polygamously to both Tengku Besar Terengganu Fatimah Sharifah Nong Alsagoff binti Abdillah (1938–2023) and Tengku Ampuan Bariah (1933–2011), sister of Sultan

Salahuddin of Selangor Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj (Jawi script, Jawi: ; 8 March 1926 – 21 November 2001) was the Sultan of Selangor from 1960, and the eleventh Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King of Malaysia) f ...

. Mahmud's father Sultan Ismail Nasiruddin died in 1979. He was crowned as the Sultan of Terengganu in 1981 and Tengku Ampuan Bariah became Tengku Ampuan Besar of Terengganu. Sultan Mahmud was the

colonel Colonel ( ; abbreviated as Col., Col, or COL) is a senior military Officer (armed forces), officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations. In the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, a colon ...

for the

Royal Armoured Corps The Royal Armoured Corps is the armoured arm of the British Army, that together with the Household Cavalry provides its armour capability, with vehicles such as the Challenger 2 and the Warrior tracked armoured vehicle. It includes most of the Ar ...

(KAD) of the

Malaysian Army The Malaysian Army (; Jawi alphabet, Jawi: ) is the land component of the Malaysian Armed Forces. Steeped in British Army traditions, the Malaysian Army does not carry the title ‘royal’ () as do the Royal Malaysian Navy and the Royal Malaysi ...

.from 1979 until 1998. He was a close friend of his advisor Tan Sri Wan Mokhtar Ahmad, the

Menteri Besar head of government, Heads of government in Malaysia's many states of Malaysia, states take on various titles. Seven out of nine in the Peninsular Malaysia, Peninsular who each have Monarchies of Malaysia, historical monarchs are known as the Men ...

(chief minister) of Terengganu from 1974 to 1999. His main goal was to make Terengganu a developed state. Major state projects and developments during his reign included Petronas Petroleum Complex in

Kerteh Kerteh ( Jawi: كرتيه) is a mukim located in Kemaman District, Terengganu, Malaysia. Economy Kerteh is the base of operations for Petronas in Terengganu, overseeing the oil platform operations off the state's coast as well as petrochemical ...

, Sultan Ismail Power Station at Paka, the largest power station in

Malaysia Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia. Featuring the Tanjung Piai, southernmost point of continental Eurasia, it is a federation, federal constitutional monarchy consisting of States and federal territories of Malaysia, 13 states and thre ...

, Kenyir Dam, Sultan Mahmud Bridge, the bridge linking Kuala Terengganu to Pulau Duyong and Kuala Nerus, Wisma Darul Iman and the Tengku Tengah Zaharah Mosque (Floating Mosque). He performed the

hajj Hajj (; ; also spelled Hadj, Haj or Haji) is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the holiest city for Muslims. Hajj is a mandatory religious duty for capable Muslims that must be carried out at least once in their lifetim ...

pilgrimage with Sultan Salahuddin of Selangor in 1984.

Death

On 14 May 1998, he died in Mount Elizabeth Hospital,

Singapore Singapore, officially the Republic of Singapore, is an island country and city-state in Southeast Asia. The country's territory comprises one main island, 63 satellite islands and islets, and one outlying islet. It is about one degree ...

and was succeeded by his son Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin. His body was then laid to rest in the new Royal Mausoleum near Al-Muktafi Billah Shah Mosque in

. He was the first sultan of Terengganu to be buried there.

Honours

Honours of Terengganu

MY-TER Supreme Royal Family Order of Terengganu - DKT

Founding Grand Master and Member of the Most Exalted Supreme Royal Family Order of Terengganu (DKT, 10 March 1981) * MY-TER Family Order of Terengganu 1st class - DK I

MY-TER Family Order of Terengganu 1st class - DK I

Grand Master (21 September 1979 15 May 1998) and First Class of the Most Distinguished Family Order of Terengganu (DK I, 26 June 1964) * MY-TER Order of Sultan Mahmud I of Terengganu - Member Grand Companion ribbon

MY-TER Order of Sultan Mahmud I of Terengganu - Member Grand Companion ribbon

Founding Grand Master and Member Grand Companion of the Most Revered Order of Sultan Mahmud I of Terengganu (SSMT, 28 February 1982) * MY-TER Order of the Crown of Terengganu - SPMT - SMT - AMT

MY-TER Order of the Crown of Terengganu - SPMT - SMT - AMT

Grand Master (21 September 1979 15 May 1998) and Knight Grand Commander of the Most Distinguished

Order of the Crown of Terengganu The Most Distinguished Order of the Crown of Terengganu (Bahasa Melayu: ''Darjah Kebesaran Mahkota Terengganu Yang Amat Mulia'') is an honorific order of the Sultanate of Terengganu. History It was founded by Sultan Ismail Nasiruddin of Terengg ...

(SPMT, 26 June 1977)

Honours of Malaysia

* ** Recipient of Most Exalted Order of the Crown of the Realm (DMN, 1981) * ** Most Esteemed Royal Family Order of Johor - ribbon bar

First Class of the Most Esteemed Royal Family Order of Johor (DK I, 27 April 1982) * ** Member of the Most Illustrious Royal Family Order of Kedah (DK, 20 January 1985) * ** MY-KEL Royal Family Order - Star of Yunus - DK

MY-KEL Royal Family Order - Star of Yunus - DK

Member of the Most Esteemed Royal Family Order of Kelantan (DK, 30 March 1985) * ** MY-NEG Royal Family Order of Negeri Sembilan - DKNS

Member of the Most Illustrious Royal Family Order of Negeri Sembilan (DKNS, 1988) * ** MY-PAH_Family_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Indra_of_Pahang_-_DK_I

Member 1st class of the Most Esteemed Family Order of the Crown of Indra of Pahang (DK I, 24 October 1981) * ** Member of the Most Esteemed Royal Family Order of Perak (DK, 1982) ** Grand Knight of the Most Illustrious Order of Cura Si Manja Kini (SPCM, 1977) * ** MY-PERL Perlis Family Order of the Gallant Prince Syed Putra Jamalullail - DK

MY-PERL Perlis Family Order of the Gallant Prince Syed Putra Jamalullail - DK

Member of the Most Esteemed Perlis Family Order of the Gallant Prince Syed Putra Jamalullail (DK, 27 October 1984) * ** MY-SEL_Royal_Family_Order_of_Selangor_-_DK_II

MY-SEL_Royal_Family_Order_of_Selangor_-_DK_II

Second class of the

Royal Family Order of Selangor The Most Esteemed Royal Family Order of Selangor (Malay language, Malay: ''Darjah Kerabat Selangor Yang Amat Dihormati'') is an Order (distinction), order awarded by Sultan of Selangor to members of the Selangor and other Royal families, and to h ...

(DK II) (8 March 1978) * ** Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of Hornbill Sarawak (DP, 12 March 1982) **

Order of Meritorious Service to Sarawak The ''Darjah Jasa Bakti Sarawak'' (Order of Meritorious Service to Sarawak) is the third-ranking order in the list of orders of the Sarawak State Orders, Decorations and Medals. The Order was instituted in 1997, and is limited to only 100 living ...

(DJBS)

Foreign Honours

* ** Recipient of the Royal Family Order of the Crown of Brunei (DKMB) * ** Knight of Justice or Grace of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem (KStJ, 20 March 1990) ** Recipient of the

Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal The Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal () is a commemorative medal instituted to celebrate the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II on 2 June 1953. Award This medal was awarded as a personal souvenir from the Queen to members of the Royal Family ...

(2 June 1953)

Legacy

Educational institutions

*Sekolah Menengah Sains Sultan Mahmud (SESMA) at Wakaf Tembusu,

Buildings, Bridges and Roads

*Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah Mosque at

Bandar Al-Muktafi Billah Shah Bandar Al-Muktafi Billah Shah ( Jawi: بندر المكتفي بالله شاه) is a new town in Dungun, Terengganu, Malaysia. It was erected in honour of the 16th Sultan of Terengganu The Sultan of Terengganu (, Jawi script, Jawi: ) is the ti ...

* Al-Muktafi Billah Shah Mosque at

* Sultan Mahmud Bridge at Jalan Tengku Mizan on Federal Route 65 at

*Jalan Sultan Mahmud on Federal Route 174 at

* Sultan Mahmud Airport at Seberang Takir,

* Sultan Mahmud Power Station, Kenyir Dam

Others

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mahmud of Terengganu 1930 births 1998 deaths Mahmud Malaysian people of Thai descent Malaysian people of Malay descent Malaysian Muslims Mahmud Mahmud Mahmud Mahmud Mahmud Mahmud Second Classes of Royal Family Order of Selangor First Classes of the Royal Family Order of Johor Members of the Royal Family Order of Kedah Recipients of the Order of the Crown of the Realm Sons of sultans