Sultan Ali Mirza (1479–1500) was the last ruler of the

Timurid dynasty The Timurid dynasty, self-designated as Gurkani (), was the ruling dynasty of the Timurid Empire (1370–1507). It was a Sunni Islam, Sunni Muslim dynasty or Barlās clan of Turco-Mongol originB.F. Manz, ''"Tīmūr Lang"'', in Encyclopaedia of I ...

Samarkand Samarkand ( ; Uzbek language, Uzbek and Tajik language, Tajik: Самарқанд / Samarqand, ) is a city in southeastern Uzbekistan and among the List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest continuously inhabited cities in Central As ...

. He reigned between 1498 and 1500, when he was deposed and killed by

Muhammad Shaybani Muhammad Shaybani Khan ( Chagatai and ; – 2 December 1510) was an Uzbek leader who consolidated various Uzbek tribes and laid the foundations for their ascendance in Transoxiana and the establishment of the Khanate of Bukhara. He was a Sh ...

, leader of the

Uzbeks The Uzbeks () are a Turkic peoples, Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia, being among the largest Turkic ethnic groups in the area. They comprise the majority population of Uzbekistan, next to Kazakhs, Kazakh and Karakalpaks, Karakalpak ...

Biography

He was the third son of

Sultan Mahmud Mirza Sultan Mahmud Mirza ( Chagatai and ; 1453 – January 1495) was a Timurid prince from the branch of Transoxiana. He was the second son of Abu Sa'id Mirza, the ruler of the Timurid Empire. Biography His father gave him the government of Hisar ...

, himself the third son of the

Timurid Timurid refers to those descended from Timur (Tamerlane), a 14th-century conqueror: * Timurid dynasty, a dynasty of Turco-Mongol lineage descended from Timur who established empires in Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent ** Timurid Empire of ...

Emperor

Abu Sa'id Mirza Abu Sa'id Mirza ( Chagatay/; 14248 February 1469) was the ruler of the Timurid Empire during the mid-fifteenth century. Born a minor prince of the Timurid dynasty, Abu Sa'id quickly established himself as the most prominent among his warring re ...

. His father ruled large parts of

Transoxiana Transoxiana or Transoxania (, now called the Amu Darya) is the Latin name for the region and civilization located in lower Central Asia roughly corresponding to eastern Uzbekistan, western Tajikistan, parts of southern Kazakhstan, parts of Tu ...

between 1494 and 1495. After his father's death, he received

Bukhara Bukhara ( ) is the List of cities in Uzbekistan, seventh-largest city in Uzbekistan by population, with 280,187 residents . It is the capital of Bukhara Region. People have inhabited the region around Bukhara for at least five millennia, and t ...

as an inheritance. In 1496, a group of conspirators attempted to bring him to power in

. However, he reigned for only two days. His Timurid brother Baysunkar Mirza was placed in prison, from which he was soon able to escape. Gathering his supporters in the city, Baysunkar defeated the conspirators. Sultan Ali Mirza fled to Bukhara, where he was able to establish himself. In 1497, together with his

cousin

Babur Babur (; 14 February 148326 December 1530; born Zahīr ud-Dīn Muhammad) was the founder of the Mughal Empire in the Indian subcontinent. He was a descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan through his father and mother respectively. He was also ...

, he besieged Samarkand for seven months and conquered the city. When Babur was abandoned by his troops and returned to

Andijan Andijan ( ), also spelt Andijon () and formerly romanized as Andizhan ( ), is a city in Uzbekistan. It is the administrative, economic, and cultural center of Andijan Region. Andijan is a district-level city with an area of . Andijan is the most ...

in 1498, Sultan Ali Mirza seized the Samarkand throne. The reign of Sultan Ali Mirza was turbulent. Some of the nobility were dissatisfied with his policies and the economic chaos in the country. According to sources, a representative of the nobility, Muhammad Mazid Tarkhan, was the real master in Samarkand. He gave all important positions to his sons and followers and controlled the finances of the city. In 1500, Samarkand capitulated to

, Khan of the

, and Sultan Ali Mirza was captured and executed.Baburnama, Vol. 1, page 126-127.

References

Source

''Memoirs of Babur'' Volume 1
(

Baburnama The ''Bāburnāma'' (; ) is the memoirs of Babur, Ẓahīr-ud-Dīn Muhammad Bābur (1483–1530), founder of the Mughal Empire and a great-great-great-grandson of Timur. It is written in the Chagatai language, known to Babur as ''Türki'' "Turkic ...

in English) {{DEFAULTSORT:Ali Mirza, Sultan Timurid monarchs 15th-century monarchs in Asia 1479 births 1500 deaths