Paduka Sri Sultan Sulaiman Badr ul-‘Alam Shah Khalifat ul-Muminim ibni Almarhum Sultan ‘Abdu’l Jalil Ri’ayat Shah, (11 November 1699 – 20 August 1760) or simply Sulaiman Badrul Alam Shah of Johor and known as Raja Sulaiman before his ascension to the throne was the 14th Sultan and Yang di-Pertuan Besar of Johor and

Pahang {{Infobox political division , name = Pahang , official_name = Pahang Darul Makmur , native_name = , settlement_type = States and federal territories of Malaysia, State , image_skyline = , imagesize ...

and their dependencies who reigned from 1722 to 1760. He succeeded on the defeat of the claimant to Johor throne,

Raja Kecil Raja Kecil (d. 1746), or Raja Kecik, also known as Sultan Abdul Jalil Rahmat Shah (r. 1722–1746), was the first sultan of the Sultanate of Siak Sri Indrapura. A controversial figure, due to his origin tales and the rebellion he led, Raja Kecil u ...

who reigned in Johor from 1718 to 1722.

Early life

Known as Raja Sulaiman before his accession, he was the fifth son of the 10th Sultan of Johor,

Abdul Jalil Shah IV Paduka Sri Sultan ‘Abdu’l Jalil IV Ri’ayat Shah Zillu’llah fi al-’Alam bin Dato’ Bendahara Sri Maharaja Tun Habib Abdul Majid (or simply as Sultan Abdul Jalil Shah IV, born Tun Abdul Jalil) was the Sultan and Yang di-Pertuan Besar of ...

, by his fourth wife, Che Nusamah. He was appointed as Governor of Pahang, following the rebellion against his uncle, the Yang di-Pertuan Muda in 1712. His father later appointed him as his heir apparent with the title of Yang di-Pertuan Muda before December 28, 1715. After the assassination of his father in 1721, who was earlier deposed and demoted by Raja Kecil in 1718, Raja Sulaiman and his sister, Tengku Tengah were taken captive by the

Minangkabau Minangkabau may refer to: * Minangkabau culture, culture of the Minangkabau people * Minangkabau Culture Documentation and Information Center * Minangkabau Express, an airport rail link service serving Minangkabau International Airport (''see bel ...

forces. They were made servants of Raja Kecil, one to carry his

kris The kris or is a Javanese culture, Javanese asymmetrical dagger with a distinctive blade-patterning achieved through alternating laminations of iron and nickelous iron (''pamor''). The kris is famous for its distinctive wavy blade, although ma ...

, the other his

betel Betel (''Piper betle'') is a species of flowering plant in the pepper family Piperaceae, native to Southeast Asia. It is an evergreen, dioecious vine, with glossy heart-shaped leaves and white catkins. Betel plants are cultivated for their lea ...

box.

Reign

Raja Sulaiman was put on the throne with the help of the

Bugis The Bugis people, also known as Buginese, are an Austronesian ethnic groupthe most numerous of the three major linguistic and ethnic groups of South Sulawesi (the others being Makassarese and Torajan), in the south-western province of Sula ...

princes after they had expelled Raja Kecil in 1722. He was crowned at Riau with title of Paduka Sri Sultan Sulaiman Badr ul-‘Alam Shah Khalifat ul-Muminim, on October 4, 1722. Sulaiman Shah had little real influence over the administration of his state. While the Bugis allowed to retain nominal supremacy, they introduced and maintained for themselves the office of Yamtuan Muda, in which the real power was vested. The Bugis influence was so dominant that the Sultan even wrote to the Dutch governor of

Malacca Malacca (), officially the Historic State of Malacca (), is a States and federal territories of Malaysia, state in Malaysia located in the Peninsular Malaysia#Other features, southern region of the Malay Peninsula, facing the Strait of Malacca ...

with a request to be rescued from them, but to no avail. Bugis dominance over Johor remained uncontested for the next few decades. The Sultan was impressed with the military might of the Dutch and their help towards him against the Minang during the war against the Siak. In response, during his trip to Malacca on August 1755, he agreed to hand over monopoly rights over to the Dutch in the tin-mining areas of Klang,

Linggi Linggi ( Jawi: ليڠڬي) is a mukim and town in Port Dickson District, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia. Featuring the Tanjung Piai, southernmost point of continental Eurasia, it is a federation, federa ...

and

Selangor Selangor ( ; ), also known by the Arabic language, Arabic honorific Darul Ehsan, or "Abode of Sincerity", is one of the 13 states of Malaysia. It is on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia and is bordered by Perak to the north, Pahang to the e ...

which were originally Bugis stronghold areas, this had the effect of angering the Bugis chiefs. Sulaiman Shah died in Riau on August 20, 1760 and was buried at Batangan, having had seventeen sons and ten daughters. He was succeeded by his second son, Abdul Jalil Muazzam Shah.

References

Bibliography

* {{S-end 1760 deaths 1699 births Sultans of Johor 18th-century monarchs in Asia House of Bendahara of Johor Sons of sultans