Substation #401, also called the "Essex Sub-station" is a historic New York City Subway electrical substation. This facility is located on the south side of Fulton Street (Brooklyn), Fulton Street, between Essex Street and Shepherd Avenue, in the Cypress Hills, Brooklyn, Cypress Hills neighborhood of Brooklyn, the borough of Brooklyn. It sits adjacent to the BMT Jamaica Line between the Cleveland Street (BMT Jamaica Line), Cleveland Street and Norwood Avenue (BMT Jamaica Line), Norwood Avenue stations. It was built in 1901 by the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company for the Cypress Hills extension of the BMT Lexington Avenue Line, and is a Beaux-Arts architecture, Beaux Arts style structure. ''See also:'' Through a series of acquisitions, it was passed over to the Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit Corporation, then the New York City Board of Transportation, the New York City Transit Authority, and finally the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA), where it remains to this day. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

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Transportation buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in New York City Transportation buildings and structures in Brooklyn Industrial buildings and structures in Brooklyn Beaux-Arts architecture in New York City Energy infrastructure completed in 1901 Transport infrastructure completed in 1901 Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation New York City Designated Landmarks in Brooklyn East New York, Brooklyn New York City Subway infrastructure National Register of Historic Places in Brooklyn 1900s architecture in the United States {{Brooklyn-struct-stub