In
grammar
In linguistics, the grammar of a natural language is its set of structure, structural constraints on speakers' or writers' composition of clause (linguistics), clauses, phrases, and words. The term can also refer to the study of such constraint ...
, the term sublative case (
abbreviated
An abbreviation (from Latin ''brevis'', meaning ''short'') is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method. It may consist of a group of letters or words taken from the full version of the word or phrase; for example, the word ''abbrevia ...
) is used to refer to
grammatical case
A grammatical case is a category of nouns and noun modifiers ( determiners, adjectives, participles, and Numeral (linguistics), numerals), which corresponds to one or more potential grammatical functions for a nominal group in a wording. In va ...
s expressing different situations: In Hungarian and Finnish (rarely used),
it expresses the destination of the movement, originally to the surface of something (e.g. sit down on the ground, climb the tree), but in other figurative meanings as well (e.g. to university, for two nights), or into a language, while in Tsez and other
Northeast Caucasian languages
The Northeast Caucasian languages, also called East Caucasian, Nakh-Daghestani or ''Vainakh-Daghestani'', is a family of languages spoken in the Russian republics of Dagestan, Chechnya and Ingushetia and in Northern Azerbaijan as well as ...
it denotes a movement towards the bottomsides or the area under an object. The sublative case is used in the
Finnish,
Tsez and
Hungarian languages.
Hungarian
In
Hungarian the suffix "-re" or "-ra" denotes the sublative. It can be used like "onto" but also in more abstract cases for flat areas (cities, airports).
For example:
* ''hajóra'' (onto the boat)
* ''Budapestre megyek'' (I am going to Budapest)
* ''repülőtérre'' (to the airport)
Finnish
Examples in Finnish:
* ''minne'' - where to?
* ''jonne'' - where (relative pronoun)
* ''moniaalle'' - to many places
* ''kaikkialle'' - to everywhere
References
Grammatical cases
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