The Subei Mongol Autonomous County (;
Mongolian: ) is an
autonomous county
Autonomous counties () and autonomous banners () are county-level autonomous administrative divisions of China
Chinese autonomous administrative divisions are associated with one or more ethnic minorities that are designated as autonomous w ...
within the
prefecture-level city
A prefecture-level city () or prefectural city is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China (PRC), ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure.
During the Republican era, many of China' ...
of
Jiuquan in the northwest of
Gansu Province, China, bordering
Xinjiang
Xinjiang, SASM/GNC: ''Xinjang''; zh, c=, p=Xīnjiāng; formerly romanized as Sinkiang (, ), officially the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR), is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China (PRC), located in the northwest ...
to the west,
Qinghai Province to the southeast and Mongolia's
Govi-Altai Province to the north. Containing the northernmost point in Gansu, Subei is split into two non-contiguous sections and has an area of and had approximately 13,046 inhabitants in 2000. To the east it shares a border with
Ejin Banner,
Alxa League,
Inner Mongolia
Inner Mongolia, officially the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China. Its border includes most of the length of China's border with the country of Mongolia. Inner Mongolia also accounts for ...
.
History
In the early 1930s,
Birger Bohlin studied the paleontology of the region (then called Taban Buluk).
In 1937, Subei ''
Shezhiju'' () was established.
On July 22, 1950, PLA forces entered the Subei area. The Subei Autonomous District (), predecessor of the Subei Mongol Autonomous County, was established on July 29, 1950. The area became Subei Mongol Autonomous District () in 1953. In 1955, the area became Subei Mongol Autonomous County.
In September 1992, with the approval of the
State Council of the People's Republic of China
The State Council, constitutionally synonymous with the Central People's Government since 1954 (particularly in relation to local governments), is the chief administrative authority of the People's Republic of China. It is chaired by the p ...
, the only international border crossing in Gansu Province was opened in the Mazongshan area of Subei Mongol Autonomous County.
Horse shows and races are held periodically in the county.
Climate
A large part of Subei is in the
Gobi Desert. The county has been subject to large
dust storms with noted incidents in May 2011 and June 2016. There are
glaciers
A glacier (; ) is a persistent body of dense ice that is constantly moving under its own weight. A glacier forms where the accumulation of snow exceeds its ablation over many years, often centuries. It acquires distinguishing features, such a ...
in some parts of the county.
Administrative divisions
Subei's administrative seat ("capital") is the town of Dangchengwan (). The county includes two townships, Shibaocheng () and Yanchiwan () and one other town to the north separated from the rest of the county, Mazongshan () named for
Mazong Mountain.
;2 Towns
* Dangchengwan ()
* Mazongshan ()
;2 Townships
* Shibaocheng ()
* Yanchiwan ()
Former administrative divisions in the county include the townships Biegai (), Dangcheng (), Yu'erhong () and Mingshui ().
Demographics
Subei is home to Deed Mongols (
Upper Mongols) who migrated to the area.
In 1996, the Mongol ethnicity population was 37.5% of the county's total population.
Gallery
File:Txu-oclc-6654394-nk-47-1st-ed.jpg, Map including northern Subei County area (1954)
File:Txu-pclmaps-oclc-8607404-mongolia-west.jpg, Map including part of the modern Subei Mongol Autonomous County area (1935)
References
External links
《中华民族》 大美肃北 第一集 净土：随善良质朴肃北人民 赏净土山水草原大美风光 20190819 , CCTV('The Chinese People- Majestic Subei Part One: Pure Land: Enjoying the Mountains, Waters, Grasslands and Beautiful Scenery of the Pure Land with the Warm-hearted and Plain Folk of Subei Aug 19 2019 CCTV')
Mongol autonomous counties
County-level divisions of Gansu
Jiuquan
{{Gansu-geo-stub