, formerly , is a Japanese multinational corporation and conglomerate primarily involved in both terrestrial and

aerospace Aerospace is a term used to collectively refer to the atmosphere and outer space. Aerospace activity is very diverse, with a multitude of commercial, industrial, and military applications. Aerospace engineering consists of aeronautics and astron ...

transportation manufacturing. It is best known for its line of Subaru automobiles. Founded in 1953, the company was named Fuji Heavy Industries until 2017. The company's aerospace division is a defense contractor to the Japanese government, manufacturing Boeing and Lockheed Martin helicopters and airplanes under license. This same division is a global development and manufacturing partner to both companies.

History

Fuji Heavy Industries traces its roots to the Nakajima Aircraft Company, a leading supplier of airplanes to the Japanese government during World War II. At the end of World War II, Nakajima was broken up by the Allied Occupation government under '' keiretsu'' legislation, and by 1950 part of the separated operation was already known as Fuji Heavy Industries. FHI was incorporated on July 15, 1953, when five Japanese companies, known as Fuji Kogyo, Fuji Jidosha Kogyo, Omiya Fuji Kogyo, Utsunomiya Sharyo, and Tokyo Fuji Sangyo, joined to form one of Japan's largest manufacturers of transportation equipment. By late 1980s, the company was a major supplier of military, aerospace and railroad equipment in Japan, but 80% of its sales came from automobiles. Sales in 1989 fell 15% to US$4.3 billion. In 1990, the company faced a loss of over US$500 million. Industrial Bank of Japan Ltd., the main bank of the company, asked Nissan Motor, which owned 4.2% of the company, to step in. Nissan sent Isamu Kawai, the president of Nissan Diesel Motor Co., to take charge of FHI. In 1991, FHI started contract-manufacturing Nissan Pulsar (Nissan Sunny in Europe) sedans and hatchbacks. Currently, the Subaru Corporation makes Subaru brand cars, and its aerospace division makes utility and attack helicopters for the Japanese Self Defense Force, trainers, unmanned aerial vehicles, and the center wings of Boeing 777 and Boeing 787 jets. In the past, FHI made parts for the Hawker Beechcraft and Eclipse Aviation business jets. In 2003, the company adopted the logo of its Subaru automobile division as its worldwide corporate symbol. On October 5, 2005

Toyota is a Japanese Multinational corporation, multinational Automotive industry, automotive manufacturer headquartered in Toyota City, Aichi, Japan. It was founded by Kiichiro Toyoda and incorporated on August 28, 1937. Toyota is the List of manuf ...

purchased 8.7% of FHI shares from General Motors, which had owned 20.1% since 1999. GM later divested its remaining 11.4% stake on the open market to sever all ties with FHI. FHI previously stated there might have been 27 million shares (3.4%) acquired before the start of trading by an unknown party on October 6, 2005, and speculation suggested a bank or perhaps another automaker was involved. After the purchase, Toyota announced a contract with Subaru on March 13, 2006, to use the underutilized Subaru manufacturing facility in Lafayette, Indiana, as well as plans to hire up to 1,000 workers and set aside an assembly line for the Camry, beginning in the second quarter of 2007. In June 2014, the company entered into a contract with Boeing Commercial Airplanes, as one of five major Japanese companies contracted, to build parts for Boeing's 777X aircraft. In May 2016, Fuji Heavy Industries announced that it would change its name to Subaru Corporation, with the change effective on April 1, 2017.

Leadership

* Kenji Kita (1953-1956) * Takao Yoshida (1956-1963) * Nobuo Yokoda (1963-1970) * Eiichi Ohara (1970-1978) * Sasaki Sadamichi (1978-1985) * Toshihiro Tajima (1985-1990) * Isamu Kawaii (1990-1996) * Takeshi Tanaka (1996-2001) * Kyoji Takenaka (2001-2006) * Ikuo Mori (2006-2011) * Yasuyuki Yoshinaga (2011-2018) * Tomomi Nakamura (2018-2023) * Atsushi Osaki (since 2023)

Divisions

Subaru has two main divisions: * The automobile division, Subaru. * The

division is a contractor for the Japan Defense Agency and markets and sells both commercial and defense-related aircraft, helicopters and target drones. It will also be responsible for providing maintenance for the Bell-Boeing V-22 Osprey tilt rotor aircraft. This division previously built the FA-200 Aero Subaru and is currently participating in the Airbus A380, Boeing 777, Boeing 787, Hawker 4000 and Eclipse 500 programs, and supplies parts for the Boeing 737, Boeing 747 and Boeing 767.

Former divisions

* Subaru discontinued the production of buses and railroad cars in 2003. * The eco technology division manufactured and sold

garbage truck A garbage truck is a truck specially designed to collect municipal solid waste and transport it to a list of solid waste treatment technologies, solid waste treatment facility, such as a landfill, materials recovery facility, recycling center ...

robot A robot is a machine—especially one Computer program, programmable by a computer—capable of carrying out a complex series of actions Automation, automatically. A robot can be guided by an external control device, or the robot control, co ...

sweepers, and wind turbines. * Discontinued in 2017, the Subaru Industrial Power Products division manufactured and sold commercial engines, pumps and generators which were formerly under the Subaru-Robin and Robin brands. Subaru's industrial products division, began manufacturing "Star" engines for Polaris Industries snowmobiles in 1968 but engine manufacturing operations ended in 1998 when Polaris Industries started to build their own Liberty two-stroke engines. Subaru remains an invested partner with, and supplier of pistons to, Polaris. Subaru has provided more than 2 million engines used in Polaris snowmobiles, ATVs, watercraft and utility vehicles.

Products

Small automobiles

Bus models

*R13 **13 **3A/3B/3D/3E **R1/R2 *R14 **14 **4B/4E *R15 **5B/5E **R1/R2/R3 **HD1/HD2/HD3 **Double-decker *R16 **6B/6E **H1 *R17 **7B/7E **7HD **7S *R18 **8B/8E *R21 **1M/1S

Aircraft

* Fuji FA-200 Aero Subaru (1965) - monoplane/light aircraft * Fuji/Rockwell Commander 700 (1975) - light transport * Fuji KM-2 (1962) - light primary military trainer * Fuji LM-1 Nikko (1955) - light communications military aircraft * Fuji T-1 (1958) - intermediate military jet trainer * Fuji T-3/KM-2 (1974) - primary military trainer * Fuji T-5/KM-2 Kai (1984) - basic military trainer * Fuji T-7/T-3 Kai (1998) - primary military trainer * Fuji TACOM UAV. * Subaru-Bell UH-X - Ongoing project to meet the JGSDF's requirement for a UH-1J replacement. Bell Helicopter is Fuji's foreign partner in the competition. A variant of the UH-X may also ultimately fill the JMSDF's recently (October 2014) revealed requirement for a New Patrol Helicopter (to enter service in 2022).

Railway rolling stock

Some products were built in ''Utsunomiya Sharyo'' era (1950–1955).

Japan

; DMU *'' JNR'' - , , 35, 40, , , , , 181, 183, 185, series, : , , , types *'' JR Hokkaido'' - KiHa 150, KiHa 201, KiHa 281, KiHa 283, and KiHa 261 series. *''

JR East The is a major passenger railway company in Japan and the largest of the seven Japan Railways Group companies. The company name is officially abbreviated as JR-EAST or JR East in English, and as in Japanese. The company's headquarters are in ...

'' - KiHa 100 and 110 series *'' JR Central'' - KiHa 85 series *''

JR Shikoku The , commonly known as , is the smallest of the seven constituent companies of the Japan Railways Group (JR Group). It operates of intercity and local rail services in the four Prefectures of Japan, prefectures on the island of Shikoku in Jap ...

'' - 2000 series *'' Mōka Railway'' - - The final products of railway rolling stock as Subaru *'' Chizu Express'' - HOT7000 series ; Passenger Car *''JNR'' - , , , , *JR East - E26 series ;EMU *''JNR'' - , 80 series *'' Tobu Railway'' - 300, 2000, 5000, 6050, 8000, 9000, 10000, 30000 series *'' Tokyo subway'' - Teito Rapid Transit Authority (TRTA) 2000 series ;Tram *''Tobu Railway'' - 100, 200 series *'' Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation'' - 2500, 6000 type

Russia

*DMU -

Thailand

*DMU -

Notes

References

External links

* * Wiki collection of bibliographic works on Fuji Heavy Industries {{authority control Companies listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange Companies in the Nikkei 225 Aircraft manufacturers of Japan Helicopter manufacturers of Japan Defense companies of Japan Robotics companies of Japan Scooter manufacturers Engine manufacturers of Japan Bus manufacturers of Japan Nissan Mizuho Financial Group Conglomerate companies of Japan Japanese companies established in 1953 Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1953 1960s initial public offerings Multinational companies headquartered in Japan Japanese brands Toyota Group