The Stswecem'c Xgat'tem First Nation, formerly known as Canoe Creek Band/Dog Creek Indian Band, created as a result of merger of the Canoe Creek Band and Dog Creek Band is a

First Nations First Nations or first peoples may refer to: * Indigenous peoples, for ethnic groups who are the earliest known inhabitants of an area. Indigenous groups *First Nations is commonly used to describe some Indigenous groups including: ** First Nat ...

government of the Secwepemc (Shuswap) Nation, located in the

Fraser Canyon The Fraser Canyon is a major landform of the Fraser River where it descends rapidly through narrow rock gorges in the Coast Mountains en route from the Interior Plateau of British Columbia to the Fraser Valley. Colloquially, the term "Fraser C ...

Cariboo The Cariboo is an intermontane region of British Columbia, Canada, centered on a plateau stretching from Fraser Canyon to the Cariboo Mountains. The name is a reference to the caribou that were once abundant in the region. The Cariboo was ...

region of the Central Interior of the

Canadian province Within the geographical areas of Canada, the ten provinces and three territories are sub-national administrative divisions under the jurisdiction of the Canadian Constitution. In the 1867 Canadian Confederation, three provinces of British Nort ...

British Columbia British Columbia (commonly abbreviated as BC) is the westernmost Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada, situated between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains. It has a diverse geography, with rugged landscapes that include ...

. It was created when the government of the then-

Colony of British Columbia The Colony of British Columbia refers to one of two colonies of British North America, located on the Pacific coast of modern-day Canada: *Colony of British Columbia (1858–1866) *Colony of British Columbia (1866–1871) See also *History of Br ...

established an

Indian reserve In Canada, an Indian reserve (french: réserve indienne) is specified by the ''Indian Act'' as a "tract of land, the legal title to which is vested in Her Majesty, that has been set apart by Her Majesty for the use and benefit of a band." Indi ...

system in the 1860s. It is a member government of the

Northern Shuswap Tribal Council The Northern Shuswap Tribal Council is a First Nations government in the Canadian province of British Columbia. Based in the Cariboo District of the Central Interior, it is one of two tribal councils of the Secwepemc people, the other being the ...

. The territory of the band spans the

Fraser River The Fraser River is the longest river within British Columbia, Canada, rising at Fraser Pass near Blackrock Mountain in the Rocky Mountains and flowing for , into the Strait of Georgia just south of the City of Vancouver. The river's annua ...

and is around the basins of Dog Creek, across from

Gang Ranch A gang is a group or society of associates, friends or members of a family with a defined leadership and internal organization that identifies with or claims control over territory in a community and engages, either individually or collective ...

, and Canoe Creek to the east of the river, and its canyon in between. The area is to the west of

100 Mile House 100 Mile House is a district municipality located in the South Cariboo region of central British Columbia, Canada. History 100 Mile House was originally known as Bridge Creek House, named after the creek running through the area. Its origins ...

and south of the city of Willams Lake and the reserves of the

Alkali Lake First Nation The Esk'etemc First Nation, also known as the Alkali Lake Indian Band, is a First Nations government of the Secwepemc (Shuswap) people, located at Alkali Lake in the Cariboo region of the Central Interior of the Canadian province of British Col ...

in between. The Stswecem'c Xgat'tem First Nation has not signed any treaty with any settler-colonial political entity, nor has it ceded any land and let go its territorial claims. As part of the Northern Secwepemc te Qelmucw (Tribal Council), Stswecem'c Xgat'tem First Nation has been in negotiation with the government of

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tota ...

and the government of

regarding a final treaty settling this matter. An "Agreement in Principle" was signed in 2018. Once a final agreement is signed between the Tribal Council, Canada, and British Columbia, it is expected that the Indian Reserves will be abolished, the territories under jurisdiction of Stswecem'c Xgat'tem First Nation will expand significantly, and former reserves will be absorbed into settlement land under sovereignty of Stswecem'c Xgat'tem First Nation.

Indian Reserves

Indian Reserves In Canada, an Indian reserve (french: réserve indienne) is specified by the ''Indian Act'' as a "tract of land, the legal title to which is vested in Her Majesty, that has been set apart by Her Majesty for the use and benefit of a band." Indi ...

under the administration of the band are: As explained before, these reserves were unilaterally defined by the Government of British Columbia, and thus the Nation has never retracted its claim on its territory. These reserves are expected to be abolished and absorbed into settlement lands, after the signing of a final agreement. *

Canoe Creek Indian Reserve No. 1 Canoe Creek Indian Reserve No. 1, referred to by Statistics Canada as Canoe Creek 1, is an Indian reserve of the Canoe Creek Band/Dog Creek Indian Band of the Secwepemc people, located five miles northeast of the confluence of Canoe Creek with ...

, 37.2 ha., on Canoe Creek 5 miles NE of its confluence with the Fraser River *

Canoe Creek Indian Reserve No. 2 Canoe Creek Indian Reserve No. 2, known officially as Canoe Creek 2, is an Indian reserve In Canada, an Indian reserve (french: réserve indienne) is specified by the ''Indian Act'' as a "tract of land, the legal title to which is vested in He ...

, 1804.9 ha., on Canoe Creek 6 miles east of its confluence with the Fraser River *

Canoe Creek Indian Reserve No. 3 Canoe Creek Indian Reserve No. 3, known officially as Canoe Creek 3, is an Indian reserve governed by the Canoe Creek/Dog Creek Indian Band, located four miles south of the mouth of Dog Creek into the Fraser River The Fraser River is the l ...

, 2804.9 ha., on the Fraser River 4 miles south of the confluence of Dog Creek * Copper Johnny Meadow Indian Reserve No. 8, 32.4 ha. 16 miles northwest of

70 Mile House 7 (seven) is the natural number following 6 and preceding 8. It is the only prime number preceding a cube. As an early prime number in the series of positive integers, the number seven has greatly symbolic associations in religion, mythology, s ...

Post Office *

Dog Creek Indian Reserve No. 1 The dog (''Canis familiaris'' or ''Canis lupus familiaris'') is a domesticated descendant of the wolf. Also called the domestic dog, it is Domestication of the dog, derived from the extinct Pleistocene wolf, and the modern wolf is the dog's n ...

, 144.7 ha., on Dog Creek 4 miles east of its confluence with the Fraser River *

Dog Creek Indian Reserve No. 2 The dog (''Canis familiaris'' or ''Canis lupus familiaris'') is a domesticated descendant of the wolf. Also called the domestic dog, it is derived from the extinct Pleistocene wolf, and the modern wolf is the dog's nearest living relative. Do ...

, 218.5 ha., on Dog Creek 8 miles east of its confluence with the Fraser River * Dog Creek Indian Reserve No. 3, 8.1 ha, on Dog Creek 10 miles east of its confluence with the Fraser River *

Dog Creek Indian Reserve No. 4 The dog (''Canis familiaris'' or ''Canis lupus familiaris'') is a domesticated descendant of the wolf. Also called the domestic dog, it is derived from the extinct Pleistocene wolf, and the modern wolf is the dog's nearest living relative. Do ...

, 183.7 ha., on left bank of Fraser north of the mouth of Dog Creek, south of Wycott's Flat IR No. 6 of the

* Fish Lake Indian Reserve No. 5, 40.9 ha. on west end of Canoe Lake at head of Canoe Creek * Spilmouse Indian Reserve No. 4, 161.8, on Canoe Creek 1 mile north of Canoe Creek IR No. 2 * Tinmusket Indian Reserve No. 5A, 16.2, 7 miles northwest of the 70 Mile House

BC Rail BC Rail is a railway in the Canadian province of British Columbia. Chartered as a private company in 1912 as the Pacific Great Eastern Railway (PGE), it was acquired by the provincial government in 1918. In 1972 it was renamed to the Britis ...

station * Toby Lake Indian Reserve No. 6, 129.5. ha., on

Toby Lake Toby is a popular, usually male, name in many English-speaking world, English speaking countries. The name is from the Middle English vernacular form of Tobias. Tobias itself is the Greek transliteration of the Hebrew טוביה ''Toviah'', whic ...

, 3 miles north of Alberta Lake, 11 miles northwest of 70 Mile House

Demographics

Band population was 180 in 1996, and 265 in 2001.Indian and Northern Affairs Canada Registered Population - Canoe Creek Band

Notable citizens

Adam Beach Adam Beach (born November 11, 1972) is a Canadian actor. He is best known for his roles as Victor Joseph in '' Smoke Signals'', Frank Fencepost in '' Dance Me Outside'', Tommy on '' Walker, Texas Ranger'', Kickin' Wing in '' Joe Dirt'', U.S. Mar ...

, actor and writer

External links

Canoe Creek Band websiteNorthern Shuswap Tribal Council website

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Canoe Creek Band Dog Creek Indian Band Secwepemc governments First Nations governments in the Fraser Canyon Cariboo