References
* {{cite book , author = G.N. Georgano , author-link = G.N. Georgano , title = The Complete Encyclopedia of Motorcars, 1885 to Present, url = https://archive.org/details/completeencyclop00geor, url-access = registration, year = 1968 Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of the United States Motor vehicle manufacturers based in Michigan Defunct manufacturing companies based in Detroit