Stratification may refer to:

Mathematics

Stratification (mathematics) Stratification has several usages in mathematics. In mathematical logic In mathematical logic, stratification is any consistent assignment of numbers to predicate symbols guaranteeing that a unique formal interpretation of a logical theory exis ...

, any consistent assignment of numbers to predicate symbols * Data stratification in statistics

Earth sciences

* Stable and unstable stratification * Stratification, or

stratum In geology and related fields, a stratum (: strata) is a layer of rock or sediment characterized by certain lithologic properties or attributes that distinguish it from adjacent layers from which it is separated by visible surfaces known as ...

, the layering of rocks *

Stratification (archeology) Stratigraphy is a key concept to modern archaeology, archaeological theory and practice. Modern Excavation (archaeology), excavation techniques are based on stratigraphic principles. The concept derives from the Stratigraphy, geological use of ...

, the formation of layers (strata) in which objects are found *

Stratification (water) Stratification in water is the formation in a body of water of relatively distinct and stable layers by density. It occurs in all water bodies where there is stable density variation with depth. Stratification is a barrier to the vertical mixing ...

, the formation of water layers based on temperature (and salinity, in oceans) **

Ocean stratification Ocean stratification is the natural separation of an ocean's water into horizontal layers by Density of water, density. This is generally stable stratification, because warm water floats on top of cold water, and heating is mostly from the sun, whi ...

Lake stratification Lake stratification is the tendency of lakes to form separate and distinct thermal layers during warm weather. Typically stratified lakes show three distinct layers: the epilimnion, comprising the top warm layer; the thermocline (or metalimnion) ...

Atmospheric stratification The atmosphere of Earth is composed of a layer of gas mixture that surrounds the Earth's planetary surface (both lands and oceans), known collectively as air, with variable quantities of suspended aerosols and particulates (which create weathe ...

, the dividing of the Earth's atmosphere into strata *

Inversion (meteorology) In meteorology, an inversion (or temperature inversion) is a phenomenon in which a layer of warmer air overlies cooler air. Normally, atmospheric temperature, air temperature gradually decreases as altitude increases, but this relationship ...

Social sciences

Social stratification Social stratification refers to a society's categorization of its people into groups based on socioeconomic factors like wealth, income, race, education, ethnicity, gender, occupation, social status, or derived power (social and political ...

, the dividing of a society into levels based on power or socioeconomic status

Biology

Stratification (seeds) In horticulture, stratification is a process of treating seeds to simulate natural conditions that the seeds must experience before germination can occur. Many seed species have an embryonic dormancy phase and generally will not sprout until this ...

, where seeds are treated to simulate winter conditions so that germination may occur *

Stratification (clinical trials) Stratification may refer to: Mathematics * Stratification (mathematics), any consistent assignment of numbers to predicate symbols * Stratified sampling , Data stratification in statistics Earth sciences * Stable and unstable stratification * S ...

, partitioning of subjects by a factors other than the intervention *

Stratification (vegetation) In ecology, stratification refers to the vertical layering of a habitat; the arrangement of vegetation in layers. It classifies the layers (sing. ''stratum'', pl. ''strata'') of vegetation largely according to the different heights to which their p ...

, the vertical layering of vegetation e.g. within a forest *

Population stratification Population structure (also called genetic structure and population stratification) is the presence of a systematic difference in allele frequencies between subpopulations. In a randomly mating (or ''panmictic'') population, allele frequencies ar ...

, the stratification of a genetic population based on allele frequencies

Linguistics

Stratification (linguistics) In linguistics, stratification is the idea that language is organized in terms of hierarchically ordered strata (such as phonology, Morphology (linguistics), morphology, syntax, and semantics). This notion can be traced back to Ferdinand de Saussure ...

, the idea that

language Language is a structured system of communication that consists of grammar and vocabulary. It is the primary means by which humans convey meaning, both in spoken and signed language, signed forms, and may also be conveyed through writing syste ...

is organized in hierarchically ordered strata (such as

phonology Phonology (formerly also phonemics or phonematics: "phonemics ''n.'' 'obsolescent''1. Any procedure for identifying the phonemes of a language from a corpus of data. 2. (formerly also phonematics) A former synonym for phonology, often pre ...

morphology Morphology, from the Greek and meaning "study of shape", may refer to: Disciplines *Morphology (archaeology), study of the shapes or forms of artifacts *Morphology (astronomy), study of the shape of astronomical objects such as nebulae, galaxies, ...

syntax In linguistics, syntax ( ) is the study of how words and morphemes combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences. Central concerns of syntax include word order, grammatical relations, hierarchical sentence structure (constituenc ...

, and

semantics Semantics is the study of linguistic Meaning (philosophy), meaning. It examines what meaning is, how words get their meaning, and how the meaning of a complex expression depends on its parts. Part of this process involves the distinction betwee ...

Mathematics

Earth sciences

Social sciences

Biology

Linguistics

See also