Straintronics (from ''strain'' and ''electronics'') is the study of how folds and mechanically induced stresses in a layer of
two-dimensional materials
In materials science, the term single-layer materials or 2D materials refers to crystalline solids consisting of a single layer of atoms. These materials are promising for some applications but remain the focus of research. Single-layer materials ...
can change their electrical properties. It is distinct from
twistronics
Twistronics (from ''twist'' and ''electronics'') is the study of how the angle (the twist) between layers of two-dimensional materials can change their electrical properties. Materials such as bilayer graphene have been shown to have vastly diff ...
in that the latter involves changes in the angle between two layers of 2D material. However, in such multi-layers if strain is applied to only one layers, which is called
heterostrain
The term heterostrain was proposed in 2018 in the context of :en:Materials science, materials science to simplify the designation of possible strain situations in van der Waals heterostructures where two (or more) :en:Single-layer materials, two-d ...
, strain can have similar effect as twist in changing electronic properties.
[{{Cite journal , last1=Mesple , first1=Florie , last2=Missaoui , first2=Ahmed , last3=Cea , first3=Tommaso , last4=Huder , first4=Loic , last5=Guinea , first5=Francisco , last6=Trambly de Laissardière , first6=Guy , last7=Chapelier , first7=Claude , last8=Renard , first8=Vincent T. , date=2021-09-17 , title=Heterostrain Determines Flat Bands in Magic-Angle Twisted Graphene Layers , url=https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.126405 , journal=Physical Review Letters , volume=127 , issue=12 , pages=126405 , doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.126405, pmid=34597066 , arxiv=2012.02475 , bibcode=2021PhRvL.127l6405M , s2cid=227305789 ] It is also distinct from, but similar to, the
piezoelectric
Piezoelectricity (, ) is the electric charge that accumulates in certain solid materials—such as crystals, certain ceramics, and biological matter such as bone, DNA, and various proteins—in response to applied stress (mechanics), mechanical s ...
effects which are created by bending, twisting, or squeezing of certain material.
References
Superconductivity