Stolypin car (russian: Столыпинский вагон, Stolypinskiy vagon) is a type of
railroad carriage in the
Russian Empire,
Soviet Union, and modern
Russia.
During the
Stolypin reform in Russia around the turn of the century, which gave the Russian peasantry an opportunity to voluntary resettle in Siberia, get a huge plot of land and no-interest money loan as a part of Stolypin Agricultural reform, a special type of carriage was introduced for these settlers. It consisted of two parts: a standard passenger compartment for a peasant and his family and a large zone for their
livestock and agricultural tools.
[Petro Grigorenko ''Memoirs: Pietro G. Grigorenko'' W W Norton & Co Inc; 1st ed edition (1984) ]
After the
Bolshevik Revolution,
Cheka
The All-Russian Extraordinary Commission ( rus, Всероссийская чрезвычайная комиссия, r=Vserossiyskaya chrezvychaynaya komissiya, p=fsʲɪrɐˈsʲijskəjə tɕrʲɪzvɨˈtɕæjnəjə kɐˈmʲisʲɪjə), abbreviated ...
and
NKVD found these carriages convenient for transport of larger numbers of incarcerated convicts and exiles: the passenger part was used for prison guards, whereas the cattle part was used for prisoners.
[
]
Prison transportation in modern Russia
Modern prison wagons are manufactured at Tver wagon plant, model 614500. The car has 9 chambers and is capable of transporting up to 75 convicts. Chambers have no windows, but there is a side corridor. It is escorted by 8 officers of the FPS and 2 Russian Railways conductors. The car is towed as part of regular passenger trains, but is coupled either to the head or the rear of the train, and isolated from other cars.
See also
* Prison Train (Movie)
* PTV
* The Guard (1990 film)
References
{{Rolling stock of Russia
Political repression in the Soviet Union
Railway coaches of Russia
Russian freight rolling stock
Police vehicles
Prisons in Russia