Stiver

The stuiver was a coin used in the Netherlands, worth of a guilder (16 ''penning'' or 8 ''duit'', later 5 cents). It was also minted on the Lower Rhine region and the Dutch colonies. The word can still refer to the 5 euro cent coin, which has almost exactly the same diameter and colour despite being over twice the value of the older coin.

Netherlands

The ''Stüber'' emerged from the ''vierlander'' ("coin of four provinces"), that Philip III of Burgundy had minted from 1434 as a common denomination for Brabant, Flanders, Holland and the Hainault (''Hennegau'') and which had a value of Rhenish ''gulden''. It corresponded to 3 Brabant ''Plakken'', 2 Flemish ''Groten'', 16 Dutch ''pfennigs'' or 1 Artesian ''schilling''. The name "stuiver" derives from the Dutch ''stuiven'' ("flying sparks"), since on early Flemish ''stuivers'' "spark-producing flints of the Collar of the Golden Fleece" were depicted.
Twenty stuivers equalled a ''Dutch Guilder.'' It circulated until the Napoleonic Wars. In 1818 the Netherlands decimalised its guilder into 100 cents. Two stuivers equalled a dubbeltje - the ten-cent coin.
After the decimalisation of Dutch currency, the name "stuiver" was preserved as a nickname for the five-cent coin until the introduction of the euro in 2002.
The word can still refer to the 5 euro cent coin, which has almost exactly the same diameter and colour despite being over twice the value of the older coin.

Holy Roman Empire

The ''Stüber'' (abbreviation: ''stbr''.) or ''Stüver'' was a small ''groschen'' coin that was minted in north-west Germany, especially in the territories of today's North Rhine-Westphalia and in the County of East Frisia roughly from the end of the 15th century to the early 19th century.

On the Lower Rhine, these coins mostly had a value of ''albus'' or 16 ''hellers'', in Cleves, 21 ''hellers''. One '' Rechnungstaler'' corresponded to 60 ''Stüber''.

European colonies

From 1660, the Dutch East India Company (VOC) began to strike copper stuiver coins for local use in Dutch Ceylon. At first, the coins were simply stamped on both sides with their denomination but from 1783, the VOC monogram and date were added. The coins were minted at Colombo, Jaffna, Galle and Trincomalee. These coins were issued till British occupation in 1796.
The stiver () was a currency denomination ( Ceylonese rixdollar) in use across the 18th and 19th century Sri Lanka and Caribbean, especially among the Dutch, Danish, and Swedish islands. It was also a denomination that formed part of the currency system of Demerara-Essequibo (later British Guiana, now Guyana).
In the British colonies, a stiver had a value of twopence.
The currency was also mentioned in the famous poem by Robert Browning, The Pied Piper of Hamelin: "With you, don't think I'll bate bate, reduce my demands bya stiver! And folks who put me in a passion may find me pipe after another fashion."

Austria

The name ''Stüber'' was also considered for a coin that would have been a sub-division of the Austrian Schilling introduced in 1924; In the end, however, the name ''Groschen'' was chosen.

Literature

* Heinz Fengler, Gerhard Gierow, Willy Unger: ''Numismatik''. Berlin 1988.
* Helmut Kahnt: ''Das große Münzlexikon von A bis Z''. Regenstauf 2005.
* Hans Spaeth: ''Der Münzfund von Kirchhellen. Ein Beitrag zur Systematik des Emmericher Stüber''. Kreß & Hornung, Munich, 1941.

See also

* 5 Cent WWII (Dutch coin)
* 5 Cent 1948 (Dutch coin)

External links

Obverses and reverses of Dutch coins

{{Groschen

References

Coins of the Netherlands
Five-cent coins
Dutch words and phrases
Economic history of Guyana
Currencies of Sri Lanka
Currencies of Guyana
Groschen