''Steromphala rarilineata'' is a

species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...

sea snail Sea snails are slow-moving marine (ocean), marine gastropod Mollusca, molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the Taxonomic classification, taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguishe ...

, a marine

gastropod Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...

mollusk Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...

in the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Trochidae The Trochidae, common name top-snails or top-shells, are a family of various sized sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the subclass Vetigastropoda. This family is commonly known as the top-snails because in many species the shell resembles ...

, the top snails.MolluscaBase (2020). MolluscaBase. Steromphala rarilineata (Michaud, 1829). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1039847 on 2020-01-12

Description

The size of the shell varies between 8 mm and 14 mm. The shell diverges from ''

Gibbula divaricata ''Steromphala divaricata'', common name the divaricate gibbula, is a species of small sea snail, known as top snails or top shells, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Trochidae, the top snails.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Steromp ...

'' by being smaller, and more conical, and having an angulate periphery and a flattened base.Tryon (1889), Manual of Conchology XI, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia
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Distribution

''Steromphala rarilineata'' is found in relatively warm European waters off the coast of

Spain Spain, or the Kingdom of Spain, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe with territories in North Africa. Featuring the Punta de Tarifa, southernmost point of continental Europe, it is the largest country in Southern Eur ...

Greece Greece, officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. Located on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, North Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to th ...

, and

Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, is a country on the Iberian Peninsula in Southwestern Europe. Featuring Cabo da Roca, the westernmost point in continental Europe, Portugal borders Spain to its north and east, with which it share ...

; in the

Black Sea The Black Sea is a marginal sea, marginal Mediterranean sea (oceanography), mediterranean sea lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bound ...

off Ukraine; in the Atlantic Ocean off the

Azores The Azores ( , , ; , ), officially the Autonomous Region of the Azores (), is one of the two autonomous regions of Portugal (along with Madeira). It is an archipelago composed of nine volcanic islands in the Macaronesia region of the North Atl ...

and the

Canary Islands The Canary Islands (; ) or Canaries are an archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean and the southernmost Autonomous communities of Spain, Autonomous Community of Spain. They are located in the northwest of Africa, with the closest point to the cont ...

References

* Monterosato T. A. (di), 1875 (letta il 24. 1. 1875): ''Nuova rivista delle Conchiglie Mediterranee. (Catalogo delle Conchiglie Mediterranee)''; Atti dell'Accademia Palermitana di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti, Palermo (2) 5: 1–50 * Anistratenko V.V. & Starobogatov Y., 1991: ''Mollusks of the order Trochiformes (Gastropoda, Pectinibranchia) from the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov n Russian with English summary'; Bulleten Moskovskogo obscestva ispytatelej priroda. Otdel biologiceskij 96(1): 65–71 * Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). ''European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification.'' Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213

External links

*
Michaud A. L. G., 1829: ''Description de plusieurs espèces nouvelles de coquilles vivantes''; Bulletin d'Histoire Naturelle de la Société Linnéenne de Bordeaux 3: 260–276, 1 pl

Brusina S., 1865: ''Conchiglie dalmate inedite''; Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-königlichen Zoologisch-botanisch Gesellschaft in Wien 15: 3–42

Affenzeller S., Haar N. & Steiner G. (2017). Revision of the genus complex Gibbula: an integrative approach to delineating the Eastern Mediterranean genera Gibbula Risso, 1826, Steromphala Gray, 1847, and Phorcus Risso, 1826 using DNA-barcoding and geometric morphometrics (Vetigastropoda, Trochoidea). Organisms Diversity & Evolution. 17(4): 789–812
{{DEFAULTSORT:Steromphala Rarilineata rarilineata Gastropods described in 1829