''Stenocarpus'' is a genus of about 22 species of flowering plants in the family

Proteaceae The Proteaceae form a family of flowering plants predominantly distributed in the Southern Hemisphere. The family comprises 83 genera with about 1,660 known species. Together with the Platanaceae and Nelumbonaceae, they make up the order Pro ...

. They are trees or shrubs with variably-shaped leaves, zygomorphic,

bisexual Bisexuality is a romantic or sexual attraction or behavior toward both males and females, or to more than one gender. It may also be defined to include romantic or sexual attraction to people regardless of their sex or gender identity, whi ...

flowers, the floral tube opening on the lower side before separating into four parts, followed by fruit that is usually a narrow oblong or cylindrical follicle.

Description

Plants in the genus ''Stenocarpus'' are trees or shrubs with leaves that may be simple, compound or lobed, depending on the species. The flowers are arranged in umbels or

raceme A raceme ( or ) or racemoid is an unbranched, indeterminate type of inflorescence bearing flowers having short floral stalks along the shoots that bear the flowers. The oldest flowers grow close to the base and new flowers are produced as the s ...

s at or near the ends of branches and are zygomorphic and bisexual. Four tepals form a flower tube that opens on the lower side at first before separating into four with a spherical end, there are four sessile

anthers The stamen (plural ''stamina'' or ''stamens'') is the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower. Collectively the stamens form the androecium., p. 10 Morphology and terminology A stamen typically consists of a stalk called the filam ...

, the single carpel is stalked and the pollen presenter is an oblique, flattened disc. The fruit is a follicle that usually opens by splitting down one side and contains up to fifty seeds.

Taxonomy

The genus ''Stenocarpus'' was first formally described in 1810 by Robert Brown in the '' Transactions of the Linnean Society of London''. The name ''Stenocarpus'' means "narrow fruit", referring to the long follicles of most species.

Species list

The following is a list of ''Stenocarpus'' species accepted by

Plants of the World Online Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. It was launched in March 2017 with the ultimate aim being "to enable users to access information on all the world's known seed-bearing plants by ...

as at September 2021: * '' Stenocarpus acacioides'' ( N.T., W.A.) * '' Stenocarpus angustifolius'' ( Qld.) * '' Stenocarpus comptonii'' (New Caledonia) * '' Stenocarpus cryptocarpus'' – giant-leaved stenocarpus (Qld.) * '' Stenocarpus cunninghamii'' – little wheel bush (W.A., N.T., Qld.) * '' Stenocarpus davallioides'' – fern-leaved stenocarpus (Qld.) * '' Stenocarpus dumbeensis'' (New Caledonia) * '' Stenocarpus gracilis'' (New Caledonia) * '' Stenocarpus heterophyllus'' (New Caledonia) * '' Stenocarpus intermedius'' (New Caledonia) * ''

Stenocarpus milnei ''Stenocarpus'' is a genus of about 22 species of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae. They are trees or shrubs with variably-shaped leaves, zygomorphic, bisexual flowers, the floral tube opening on the lower side before separating int ...

'' (New Caledonia) * '' Stenocarpus moorei'' (New Guinea, Qld., N.S.W.) * '' Stenocarpus phyllodineus'' (New Caledonia) * '' Stenocarpus reticulatus'' – black silky oak (Qld.) * ''

Stenocarpus rubiginosus ''Stenocarpus'' is a genus of about 22 species of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae. They are trees or shrubs with variably-shaped leaves, zygomorphic, bisexual flowers, the floral tube opening on the lower side before separating int ...

'' (New Caledonia) * ''

Stenocarpus salignus ''Stenocarpus salignus'', known as the scrub beefwood is an Australian rainforest tree in the family Proteaceae. Found in warmer rainforests on the coast and ranges. It is often found in warm temperate rainforest on poorer sedimentary soils, or ...

'' – scrub beefwood (N.S.W., Qld.) * '' Stenocarpus sinuatus'' – firewheel tree (New Guinea, N.S.W., Qld.) * '' Stenocarpus tremuloides'' (New Caledonia) * ''

Stenocarpus trinervis ''Stenocarpus trinervis'' is a species of rainforest tree in the family Proteaceae, endemic to New Caledonia ) , anthem = "" , image_map = New Caledonia on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg , map_alt = Location o ...

'' (New Caledonia) * ''

Stenocarpus umbellifer ''Stenocarpus'' is a genus of about 22 species of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae. They are trees or shrubs with variably-shaped leaves, zygomorphic, bisexual flowers, the floral tube opening on the lower side before separating int ...

'' (New Caledonia) * ''

Stenocarpus verticis ''Stenocarpus verticis'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to northern Australia. It is a tree with elliptic or lance-shaped adult leaves and groups of cream-coloured flowers covered with woolly, rust-colour ...

'' (N.T., Qld.) * ''

Stenocarpus villosus ''Stenocarpus villosus'' is a species of plant in the family Proteaceae. It is endemic to New Caledonia. It is threatened by habitat loss Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss and habitat reduction) is the process by which a natura ...

'' (New Caledonia)

Distribution

Twelve species of ''Stenocarpus'' are endemic to New Caledonia. Of the ten species found in Australia, eight are endemic, occurring in New South Wales, Queensland, the Northern Territory and Western Australia. A further two species, '' S. moorei'' and '' S. sinuatus'' also occur in New Guinea and the Aru Islands. Virot, R. (1967). Protéacées. In Flore de La Nouvelle-Calédonie et Dépendances, edited by A. Aubréville, 2:1–254. Paris: Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q5223276 Proteaceae genera Proteales of Australia Australasian realm flora