The state anthem of the Sakha Republic is the

regional anthem An anthem is a musical composition of celebration, usually used as a symbol for a distinct group, particularly the national anthems of countries. Originally, and in music theory and religious contexts, it also refers more particularly to short s ...

of the

Sakha Republic Sakha, officially the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), is a republics of Russia, republic of Russia, and the largest federal subject of Russia by area. It is located in the Russian Far East, along the Arctic Ocean, with a population of one million ...

, a

federal subject The federal subjects of Russia, also referred to as the subjects of the Russian Federation () or simply as the subjects of the federation (), are the administrative division, constituent entities of Russia, its top-level political division ...

Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

. It is one of the official symbols of the Sakha Republic, along with the

flag A flag is a piece of textile, fabric (most often rectangular) with distinctive colours and design. It is used as a symbol, a signalling device, or for decoration. The term ''flag'' is also used to refer to the graphic design employed, and fla ...

and the

coat of arms of the Sakha Republic The coat of arms of the Sakha Republic (, ''Saqa Öröspüübülüketin caralıga''; , ''Gerb Respubliki Sakha''), in the Russian Federation, is an official symbol of the Sakha Republic, alongside the flag of the Sakha Republic, flag and the nat ...

. It was originally written in the Yakut language by Savva Tarasov and Mikhail Timofeyev. The anthem was translated into Russian by Vladimir Fedorov. The music was composed by Kirill Gerasimov. It was officially adopted on 15 July 2004. The anthem's music is played in

F major F major is a major scale based on F, with the pitches F, G, A, B, C, D, and E. Its key signature has one flat.Music Theory'. (1950). United States: Standards and Curriculum Division, Training, Bureau of Naval Personnel. 28. Its relati ...

Background

Creation

After the Sakha Republic became a separate constituent state of Russia, its constitution was adopted. At that time, no regional anthem of the Sakha Republic existed. The constitution only stipulates that: After the approval of the new constitution, a commission for the creation of the national anthem was formed, with the poet Savva Tarasov as the chairman. A competition for the national anthem was announced. Hundreds of submission for the national anthem was received from throughout the country, but the commission did not approved any of the submission. This caused Savva Tarasov to be replaced from her position in September 1992 by the Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Republic of Sakha, K. Koryakin. After this failure, the president of the Sakha Republic,

Mikhail Nikolayev Mikhail Yefimovich Nikolayev (; 13 November 1937 – 4 August 2023) was a Russian Yakut politician who was the first President of the Sakha Republic, serving from 1991 to January 2002. He was succeeded by Vyacheslav Shtyrov. Early life and ...

, entrusted the Ministry of Culture of the Sakha Republic, to continue the search for the anthem. In September 1995, at a meeting of the

State Assembly of the Sakha Republic The State Assembly (Il Tumen) of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is the regional parliament of Sakha, a federal subject of Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of ...

, a proposed anthem was presented. The lyrics of the proposed anthem was written by Dmitry Sivtsev. The music of the anthem was based on the final chorus from the opera Nyurgun Bootur, which was composed by Mark Zhirkov and Heinrich Litinsky, and was re-arranged by Y. Sheykina. In 2000, a new commission was formed under the leadership of the People's Deputy G. G. Mestnikov. The commission presented a new version of the anthem, titled "" (; "Song of the Footman"). The lyrics was written by Savva Tarasov and Mikhail Tarasov, and the music was composed by Kirill Gerasimov.

Approval

On 26 March 2003, the President of the Sakha Republic,

Vyacheslav Shtyrov Vyacheslav Anatolyevich Shtyrov (; born 23 May 1953) is a Russian businessman who ran the diamond mining giant Almazy Rossii – Sakha (Alrosa) from 1996 to 2002. In 2004 it was reported that he owns 0.14% of Alrosa. Born on 23 May 1953 in Kha ...

, issued a decree to form a new commission to prepare the issue of the anthem, under the leadership of E.S. Nikitina. The commission chooses the work "" and recommended the work to be submitted to the

. On 15 July 2004, the national anthem was approved by the State Assembly. On 27 April 2004 the first official performance of the anthem took place on the Day of the Republic.

Previous anthems

"Sargılardâx saxalarbıt"

The song "" (; ; "Sakha, Covered in Happiness") was adopted as the anthem of the Tungus Republic. The anthem itself was composed by Adam Skryabin, and the lyrics of the song was based on the poem "" () by Alampa. The poem itself was written in 1917.

The Internationale

The "Internationale" (, Novgorodov alphabet: Internessijene:l), was the

national anthem A national anthem is a patriotic musical composition symbolizing and evoking eulogies of the history and traditions of a country or nation. The majority of national anthems are marches or hymns in style. American, Central Asian, and European ...

of the

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until it dissolved in 1991. During its existence, it was the largest country by are ...

(USSR) and the state anthem of the

Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR), previously known as the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic and the Russian Soviet Republic, and unofficially as Soviet Russia,Declaration of Rights of the labo ...

from 1922 to 1944. The Yakut translation of the anthem was planned to be written by

Semyon Novgorodov Semyon Andreyevich Novgorodov (, the older orthography ; ; February 13, 1892 – 28 February 1924) was a Yakut politician and linguist, the creator of a Yakut written language. Early life Semyon Andreyevich Novgorodov was born in the 2nd Khatli ...

. Unfortunately, due to his nescience of the lyrics of the anthem, he handed over the task to

Platon Oyunsky Platon Oyunsky (, ; — 31 October 1939), born Platon Alekseevich Sleptsov, () was a Yakut Soviet writer, philologist and public figure, and one of the founders of Yakut literature. Oyunsky, together with Maksim Ammosov and Isidor Barakhov ...

. It was finished on 7 December 1921. The translation was first published in the "Lena Commune" newspaper on 15 December 1921.

State Anthem of the Soviet Union

The "State Anthem of the Soviet Union" (; ), was the official

of the

(USSR) and the state anthem of the

from 1944 to 1991, replacing "

The Internationale "The Internationale" is an international anthem that has been adopted as the anthem of various anarchist, communist, socialist, democratic socialist, and social democratic movements. It has been a standard of the socialist movement since ...

Usage of the anthem in Yakut ASSR

After the creation of this anthem, the anthem itself was popularized all over the Soviet Union. In the Yakut ASSR, the Yakut Regional Committee of the CPSU ordered all district and city committees to organize the popularization of the anthem with the help of newspapers, radio, and the creation of study groups for the lyrics of the song, including in the Yakut language. The Council of People's Commissars of the Yakut ASSR also ordered the Radio Committee to record the Yakut version of the anthem and systematically broadcast it. A total of 15,000 copies of the lyrics were published and sent out on colorful flyers.

Yakut translation of the anthem

The official translation of the anthem in Yakut was approved through a special commission. The commission consisted of the head of the APO of the Yakut regional committee Zakharov, People's Commissar of Education Chemezov, historian G.P. Basharin and composer Mark Zhirkov. The commission received nine submission of translations from all over the Yakut ASSR. Of all the lyrics submitted, only the lyrics by Nikolai Egorovich Mordinov and poet Sergey Stepanovich Vasilyev was selected. Both were instructed to combine both translation and polish them on January 12, 1944. The final translation was approved by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on 26 June 1944.

"Saxa ırıata"

The song "" (; "Sakha Song") was originally a poem written by Alampa in 1919. The poem was musicalized by Adam Skryabin. The song became a symbol of resistance against Soviet rule in the Yakut region from 1921 until 1923, so much that the writer of the poem, Alampa, was labelled as a "nationalist-bourgeoisie". Alampa was sent to the

Solovki prison camp The Solovki special camp (later the Solovki special prison), was set up in 1923 on the Solovetsky Islands in the White Sea as a remote and inaccessible place of detention, primarily intended for socialist opponents of Soviet Russia's new Bolshev ...

after his arrest. The composer of the song, Adam Skryabin, went abroad to evade the persecution and was given trial ''in absentia''. After a long time, the song was allowed by the

Soviet government The Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was the executive and administrative organ of the highest body of state authority, the All-Union Supreme Soviet. It was formed on 30 December 1922 and abolished on 26 December 199 ...

to be performed publicly. The first public performance of this song was in the Victory Day celebration in the Yakut ASSR in 1945, from a gramophone record. The song was proposed to become the anthem of the Sakha Republic in 1990.

Lyrics

Lyrics are official in both

Yakut Yakut or Yakutian may refer to: * Yakuts, the Turkic peoples indigenous to the Sakha Republic * Yakut language, a Turkic language * Yakut scripts, Scripts used to write the Yakut language * Yakut (name) * Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic ...

and

Russian Russian(s) may refer to: *Russians (), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *A citizen of Russia *Russian language, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages *''The Russians'', a b ...

languages,Республика Саха Якутия
Государственный символы России along with a singable English translation.
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Yakut version

Russian version

English version

Notes

External links

Lyrics of the Anthem in Sakha Lyrics of the Anthem is Russian Sheet music for the anthem with Sakha lyrics

References

Citations

Bibliography

* * * * * * * * * {{National Anthems of Asia Sakha Sakha Republic Regional songs Anthems of non-sovereign states Compositions in F major