In chemistry, the term stannate or tinnate refers to compounds of
tin
Tin is a chemical element; it has symbol Sn () and atomic number 50. A silvery-colored metal, tin is soft enough to be cut with little force, and a bar of tin can be bent by hand with little effort. When bent, a bar of tin makes a sound, the ...
(Sn).
Stannic acid (Sn(OH)
4), the formal precursor to stannates, does not exist and is actually a hydrate of
SnO2. The term is also used in naming conventions as a suffix; for example the hexachlorostannate ion is .
In materials science, two kinds of tin oxyanions are distinguished:
*''orthostannates'' contain discrete units (e.g. K
4SnO
4) or have a
spinel
Spinel () is the magnesium/aluminium member of the larger spinel group of minerals. It has the formula in the cubic crystal system. Its name comes from the Latin word , a diminutive form of ''spine,'' in reference to its pointed crystals.
Prop ...
structure (e.g. Mg
2SnO
4)
*''metastannates'' with a stoichiometry M
IISnO
3, MSnO
3 which may contain polymeric anions or may be sometimes better described as mixed oxides
These materials are
semiconductor
A semiconductor is a material with electrical conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator. Its conductivity can be modified by adding impurities (" doping") to its crystal structure. When two regions with different doping level ...
s.
["Preparation, characterization and structure of metal stannates: a new family of photocatalysts for organic pollutants degradation." ''Handbook of Photocatalysts'' (2010), pp. 493–510. ]Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
Nova Science Publishers is an academic publisher of books, encyclopedias, handbooks, e-books and journals, based in Hauppauge, New York. It was founded in 1985. Nova is included in Book Citation Index (part of Web of Science Core Collection) ...
, Hauppauge, NY
Examples
*
Barium stannate, BaSnO
3 (a metastannate)
* Cobalt stannate, Co
2SnO
4, primary constituent of the pigment
cerulean blue
The color cerulean (American English) or caerulean (British English, Commonwealth English), is a variety of the hue of blue that may range from a light azure blue to a more intense sky blue. Cerulean may also be mixed with the hue of green. ...
*
Dysprosium stannate, Dy
2Sn
2O
7
* Lead stannate, Pb
2SnO
4, "Type I"
lead-tin yellow
* Potassium stannate, formally potassium hexahydroxostannate(IV), formula K
2Sn(OH)
6
*
Sodium stannate
Sodium stannate, formally sodium hexahydroxostannate(IV), is the inorganic compound with the formula Na2 n(OH)6 This colourless salt forms upon dissolving metallic tin or tin(IV) oxide in sodium hydroxide and is used as a stabiliser for hydrogen ...
, formally sodium hexahydroxostannate(IV), formula Na
2Sn(OH)
6
See also
*
Stannite
*
Silicate
A silicate is any member of a family of polyatomic anions consisting of silicon and oxygen, usually with the general formula , where . The family includes orthosilicate (), metasilicate (), and pyrosilicate (, ). The name is also used ...
References
Oxometallates
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