Stanley A. Klein is an American

psychophysicist Psychophysics quantitatively investigates the relationship between physical stimuli and the sensations and perceptions they produce. Psychophysics has been described as "the scientific study of the relation between stimulus and sensation" or, m ...

. He is Professor of Vision Science and Optometry at the

University of California, Berkeley The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California) is a public land-grant research university in Berkeley, California. Established in 1868 as the University of California, it is the state's first land-grant u ...

and a member of the Berkeley Visual Processing Laboratory. He was a consulting editor for ''Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics'', a publication of the

Psychonomic Society The Psychonomic Society is an international scientific society of over 4,500 scientists in the field of experimental psychology. The mission of the Psychonomic Society is to foster the science of cognition through the advancement and communicati ...

which promotes the communication of scientific research in psychology and allied sciences. His major area of research has been neurotechnology, a field of science that studies the body and mind through the nervous system by electronics and mechanisms. He was the co-chair for the

SPIE SPIE (formerly the Society of Photographic Instrumentation Engineers, later the Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers) is an international not-for-profit professional society for optics and photonics technology, founded in 1955. It ...

(an international society on the science and application of light) meetings on human vision. Klein has authored and co-authored numerous papers on visual perception in the human brain. He is currently interested in the intersection of religion and science.

Professional experience

Klein's major area of research has been

neurometrics Neurometrics is the science of measuring the underlying organization of the brain's electrical activity. Certain brainwave frequencies are associated with general psychological processes. EEGs are used to measure the brain waves. Overview Accord ...

and neurotechnology. Neuroscience with the development of non-invasive human brain imaging now uses human subject volunteers, The questions being researched get at some fundamental questions of what it means to be human and to have a

mind The mind is the set of faculties responsible for all mental phenomena. Often the term is also identified with the phenomena themselves. These faculties include thought, imagination, memory, will, and sensation. They are responsible for vario ...

. The revolution in technologies that has made this maturation possible extends from

gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a b ...

to hospital bed-side and is now referred to as neurotechnology. Some examples of neurotechnology include the

CAT scanner A computed tomography scan (CT scan; formerly called computed axial tomography scan or CAT scan) is a medical imaging technique used to obtain detailed internal images of the body. The personnel that perform CT scans are called radiographers ...

fMRI Functional magnetic resonance imaging or functional MRI (fMRI) measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow. This technique relies on the fact that cerebral blood flow and neuronal activation are coupled. When an area o ...

, Magnetoencephalography (MEG),

Positron emission tomography Positron emission tomography (PET) is a functional imaging technique that uses radioactive substances known as radiotracers to visualize and measure changes in metabolic processes, and in other physiological activities including blood flow, ...

, high-throughput genetic sequencing, brain

proteomics Proteomics is the large-scale study of proteins. Proteins are vital parts of living organisms, with many functions such as the formation of structural fibers of muscle tissue, enzymatic digestion of food, or synthesis and replication of DNA. In ...

and psychopharmaceuticals. These technologies also include neural modeling simulations, biological computers, and human-brain interfaces (prosthetics). *1967-1981: Assistant Prof. - Full Prof., Joint Science Dept., Claremont Colleges, Claremont, CA. *1972-1973: Visiting Faculty, Psychology Dept., Stanford University, Stanford, CA. *1974-1981: Visiting Associate, Division of Biology, Caltech, Pasadena, CA. *1978-1979: Sabbatical at Harvard and Smith-Kettlewell Institute of Visual Science, San Francisco, CA. *1981-1987: Professor, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas. *1987: Professor,

University of California at Berkeley The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California) is a public land-grant research university in Berkeley, California. Established in 1868 as the University of California, it is the state's first land-grant uni ...

, School of Optometry He currently (2011) is a thesis advisor for graduate students in the Berkeley Vision Processing Laboratory. He has over 190 published articles in the area of vision perception. Klein has worked to developed new methods for obtaining and analyzing evoked EEG/MEG (electro- and magneto-encephalography) and related fMRI data that will provide needed spatio-temporal resolution. In order for M/EEG to become a widely used tool for analyzing brain function it is necessary to go from the sensor information (magnetic fields for MEG and electric potentials for EEG) to the identification (locations, orientations and time functions) of the multiple brain sources. He has helped to develop a novel set of stimuli that allows the collection of a much larger set of data than ever previously collected without increasing the data collection time. New algorithms overcome the "rotation problem" and to minimize the "mis-specification" problem so that the location, orientation and time functions of multiple cortical sources are identified.

Grants and awards

*NIH/NEI, 5/1/00-4/30/03. $170,000 per year. "High Spatial Frequency Feature Acuity in Spatial Vision." *NIH/NEI, 5/1/04-4/30/09. $200,000 per year. "High Spatial Frequency Feature Acuity in Spatial Vision." *NIH/NEI, 7/1/04-6/30/07. $275,000. "Where and when of cortical activity measured with EEG and fMRI." *DARPA subcontract, 10/1/05-9/30/06. $155,110. "Neurotechnology for Image Analysts."

Publications

Complete listings: *Publications from 2000 to 2002, with commentaries *Publications from 1996 to 1999, with commentaries *Publications from 1993 to 1996, with commentaries *Commentaries on Stanley Klein's Research Articleshttp://cornea.berkeley.edu/overview_02_06.html

National committees and editorships

Optical Society of America Optica (formerly known as The Optical Society (OSA) and before that as the Optical Society of America) is a professional society of individuals and companies with an interest in optics and photonics. It publishes journals and organizes conferenc ...

, Vision Advisory Committee (1984–1989) *Ad Hoc Study Sections for NIH (1986, 1987, 2000, 2001) *Chaired meetings at annual meetings of Optical Society, ARVO, *Consulting editor for Perception and Psychophysics (1991–present). *Co-chair for the

meeting on Human Vision (1992–present). *Co-chair for the SID meeting on Human Factors (1992–1993). *Topical editor of Journal of Optical Society for Vision (1990, 1992–1999). *Executive committee of

Association for the Scientific Study of Consciousness The Association for the Scientific Study of Consciousness (ASSC) is a non-profit organization for professional membership that aims to encourage research on consciousness in cognitive science, neuroscience, philosophy, and other relevant disc ...

(1994–1997) Klein has for many years been a member of the

Institute on Religion in an Age of Science The Institute on Religion in an Age of Science (IRAS) is a non-denominational society that promotes and facilitates the ongoing dialectic between religion and science. The Institute has held annual week-long conferences at Star Island in New Hampsh ...

(IRAS), where he has been active in the discussions on Religious Naturalism and how it relates to Reconstructionist Judaism.

References

External links

Institute on Religion in an Age of Science (IRAS) SPIE – Connecting Minds, Advancing lightAttention, Perception, & PsychophysicsReligious NaturalistInformation on Religious NaturalismAn article about Stanley Klein's cooking
{{DEFAULTSORT:Klein, Stanley A. 21st-century American physicists American Reconstructionist Jews Religious naturalists Year of birth missing (living people) Living people California Institute of Technology alumni Brandeis University alumni University of California, Berkeley School of Optometry faculty Vision scientists