Stanislaus Paysama
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Stanislaus Paysama (died 1985) was one of the founders of the
Liberal Party The Liberal Party is any of many political parties around the world. The meaning of ''liberal'' varies around the world, ranging from liberal conservatism on the right to social liberalism on the left. For example, while the political systems ...
in
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan Anglo-Egyptian Sudan ( ') was a condominium (international law), condominium of the United Kingdom and Kingdom of Egypt, Egypt between 1899 and 1956, corresponding mostly to the territory of present-day South Sudan and Sudan. Legally, sovereig ...
a few years before
Sudan Sudan, officially the Republic of the Sudan, is a country in Northeast Africa. It borders the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west, Libya to the northwest, Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the east, Eritrea and Ethiopi ...
gained independence in 1956.


Early years

According to his autobiography ''How a Slave Became a Minister'', Stanislaus was born into the
Fur people The Fur ( Fur: ''fòòrà'', Arabic: فور ''Fūr'') are an ethnic group predominantly inhabiting Darfur, the western part of Sudan, where they are the largest ethnic group.Gettleman, Jeffrey, "Chaos in Darfur on rise as Arabs fight with Ara ...
in
South Darfur South Darfur State ( Wilāyat Ǧanūb Dārfūr; Janob Darfor) is one of the States of Sudan, wilayat or states of Sudan. It is one of the five states that compose the Darfur, region of Darfur in western Sudan. Overview Prior to the creation of t ...
and was captured by
Baggara The Baggāra ( "heifer herder"), also known as Chadian Arabs, are a nomadic confederation of people of mixed Arab and Arabized indigenous African ancestry, inhabiting a portion of the Sahel mainly between Lake Chad and the Nile river near sou ...
slavers around 1904. He was taken to
Kafia Kingi Kafia Kingi () is a mineral-rich region in South Sudan, on the border with Sudan and the Central African Republic The Central African Republic (CAR) is a landlocked country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Chad to Central African Repub ...
, where he was abducted by a professional Fur slave dealer. Later he was freed and taken to
Wau Wau may refer to: Places and jurisdictions Papua New Guinea * Wau, Papua New Guinea * Wau Airport (Papua New Guinea) * Wau Rural LLG, (local level government) South Sudan * Wau State, South Sudan * Wau, South Sudan, city * Wau railway s ...
in what today is
Western Bahr el Ghazal Western Bahr el Ghazal is a state in South Sudan. It has an area of and as of 2020 has estimated 600,000 in population. It is part of the Bahr el Ghazal region. Its capital is Wau. The state shared international borders with Sudan to the north ...
state, where he was educated, converted to Christianity and gained employment as a clerk in the British administration. Between 1933 and 1943 he worked in
Rumbek Rumbek () is the capital of Lakes State in the Bahr el Ghazal region of South Sudan. Location Rumbek is approximately by road northwest of Juba, the capital and largest city in the country. Its coordinates are and its elevation is abov ...
and
Yirol Yirol is a city in South Sudan. Location It is located in Yirol West County, Lakes State, in central South Sudan. Its location lies approximately , by road, northwest of Juba, the largest city in South Sudan and the capital of that country. Th ...
.


Early political career

Stanislaus was the first president of the Southern Sudan Welfare Committee, founded in November 1946 in
Juba Juba is the capital and largest city of South Sudan. The city is situated on the White Nile and also serves as the capital of the Central Equatoria, Central Equatoria State. It is the most recently declared national capital and had a populatio ...
. Within a few months the committee had created branches in Malakal, Wau and other Southern towns. The original aim was to form a "social society" of clerks and bookkeepers, but the committee soon took on a political role, and became active in promoting the Southern cause. In 1951 he was a co-founder of the Southern Sudanese Political Movement, with Abdul Rahman Sule and Buth Diu. The party was later renamed the Southern Party and then the Liberal Party. As of 1953 the party leaders were Benjamin Lwoki, Chairman, Stanslaus Paysama, Vice Chairman, Buth Diu, Secretary General and Abdel Rahman Sule, Patron of the party. The objectives were to work for complete independence of Sudan, with special treatment for the south. The party was officially registered in 1953. At first it had widespread support from the southern intelligentsia and from the bulk of the people in the south of Sudan. The party did well in the 1953 elections for the pre-independence transitional government. The major religious sectarian parties, the
Umma Umma () in modern Dhi Qar Province in Iraq, was an ancient city in Sumer. There is some scholarly debate about the Sumerian and Akkadian names for this site. Traditionally, Umma was identified with Tell Jokha. More recently it has been sugges ...
and the National Unionist Party (NUP), both needed the support of the southerners to form a government, but the southerners failed to remain united. Many members crossed the floor to other parties, reducing the size of the Liberal party to 20-25 members. The party chairman, Stanislaus Paysama, said that the Liberals almost held the trump card, but "The money was there, a great amount of money, from the Government and the Umma Party, and every time elections otescame, they he southern politiciansare destroyed like this". Stanislaus was one of the three ministers from the south of Sudan to be appointed to the government after independence in 1956. A few months later he was dismissed and accused of subversion, meaning that he had called for a federal structure with a degree of autonomy for the south.


Later years

The Sudanese parliament was dissolved in November 1958 after a military coup by General Ibrahim Abboud. Stanislaus's Southern Front worked underground during the military regime. After violent riots in 1964, Abbud dissolved the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces and appointed a transitional government in November 1964, with elections scheduled for April 1965. The Southern Front under Payasama contested the elections in the south with the
Sudan African National Union The Sudan African National Union (Juba Arabic: الاتحاد الوطني الأفريقي السوداني ''Ettihad Al-Wataniy Al-Afriqiy Al-Sudani''; SANU) is a political party formed in 1963 by Saturnino Ohure and William Deng Nhial in Ugan ...
(SANU) led by William Deng. Stanislaus Paysama advised Deng not to form a new party but to join with the Southern Front in reviving the Liberal Party, which still had widespread grassroots support. However, Deng refused and his SANU candidates ran independently in the elections.


References

Sources * * * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Paysama, Stanislaus 1985 deaths Year of birth missing Liberal Party (Sudan) politicians