Standard Oil Building (Chicago)

The Aon Center (200 East Randolph Street, formerly Amoco Building) is a modern supertall skyscraper located in the Northeast corner of the Chicago Loop, Chicago, Illinois, United States, designed by architect firms Edward Durell Stone and The Perkins and Will partnership, and completed in 1973 as the Standard Oil Building (nicknamed "Big Stan"). With 83 floors and a height of 1,136 feet (346 m), it is the fourth-tallest building in Chicago, surpassed in height by the Willis Tower, Trump International Hotel and Tower, and St.Regis Chicago.

The building is managed by Jones Lang LaSalle, which is also headquartered in the building. Aon Center houses the headquarters of Aon, Blue Cross Blue Shield Association, and Kraft Heinz (BCBS and Kraft Heinz each have a second headquarters, located in Washington D.C. and Pittsburgh respectively); the building formerly served as the world headquarters of Amoco prior to its merger into BP.

The building was briefly the tallest in Chicago, but was soon surpassed by the Sears Tower. It was the fourth-tallest building in the world at the time of its completion.

History

Construction

The Standard Oil Building was constructed as the headquarters of the Standard Oil Company of Indiana. Standard's previous home had been 910 S. Michigan Avenue. This building was constructed in 1911 by the Karpen Brothers Furniture Company and was purchased by Standard in 1927. When the new Standard Oil Building was completed in 1973, it was the tallest completed building in Chicago and the fourth-tallest in the world, earning it the nickname "Big Stan". In 1974, the taller Sears Tower (now Willis Tower) in Chicago surpassed it as the tallest completed building in Chicago (the Sears Tower was also the tallest in the world). However, the Sears Tower had already been topped out in May 1973. When the Aon Center opened as the fourth-tallest completed building in the world, it was only exceeded in height by the twin towers of the original World Trade Center and the Empire State Building in New York City. Originally clad in marble, the Aon Center was also the tallest marble-clad building in the world.

The building employs a tubular steel-framed structural system with V-shaped perimeter columns to resist earthquakes, reduce sway, minimize column bending, and maximize column-free space. This construction method was also used for the original World Trade Center twin towers in New York City.

Refacing

When completed, it was the world's tallest marble-clad building, sheathed entirely with 43,000 slabs of Italian Carrara marble. The marble used was thinner than previously attempted in cladding a building, which soon proved to be a mistake. On December 25, 1973, during construction a 350-pound marble slab detached from the façade and penetrated the roof of the nearby Prudential Center. In 1985, inspection found numerous cracks and bowing in the marble cladding of the building. To alleviate the problem, stainless steel straps were added to hold the marble in place. Later, from 1990 to 1992, the entire building was refaced with Mount Airy white granite at an estimated cost of over $80 million. Amoco was reluctant to divulge the actual amount, but it was well over half the original price of the building, without adjustment for inflation. Two-thirds of the discarded marble was crushed and used as landscaping decoration at Amoco's refinery in Whiting, Indiana, one-sixth was donated to Governors State University, in University Park, and one-sixth donated to Regalo, a division of Lashcon Inc. Under a grant from the Illinois Department of Rehabilitative Services, Regalo's 25 handicapped workers carved the discarded marble into a variety of specialty items such as corporate gifts and mementos including desk clocks and pen holders. The building's facade somewhat resembles that of the North and South tower of the former World Trade Center Complex due to the upward flow of the columns.

Designation

The Standard Oil Building was renamed the Amoco Building when the company changed names in 1985. In 1998, Amoco sold the building to The Blackstone Group for an undisclosed amount, estimated to be between $430 and $440 million. It was renamed as the Aon Center on December 30, 1999, although the Aon Corporation would not become the building's primary tenant until September 2001. In May 2003, Wells Real Estate Investment Trust, Inc. acquired the building for between $465 and $475 million. On August 10, 2007, Wells Real Estate Investment Trust, Inc. changed its name to Piedmont Office Realty Trust, Inc.)

Real estate investors Mark Karasick and Victor Gerstein acquired the building from Piedmont in 2015 for $713 million.

Planned observation deck

On May 14, 2018, the building's owners unveiled a $185 million proposal for an observatory featuring a thrill ride on the roof called the Sky Summit, the world's tallest exterior elevator, and new entrance pavilion. The observatory was supposed to be completed in 2022, but the COVID-19 pandemic had been announced to have delayed construction plans by about a year.

Position in Chicago's skyline (2006)

Gallery

File:20220525 Lakeshore East from Cascade.jpg, From the east
File:Aon center.JPG, From the southwest
File:2004-07-14 1880x2820 chicago aon looking up.jpg, Looking up the building from the ground
File:Skyscrapers in Chicago, including the AON Center, Chicago, IL 11-22-15.jpg, Looking from the North, with Aqua visible

See also

* Aon Center (Los Angeles)
* First Canadian Place – a similar building from the same architect
* List of buildings
* List of skyscrapers
* List of tallest buildings and structures in the world
* List of tallest buildings in Chicago
* List of tallest buildings in the United States
* List of tallest freestanding structures in the world
* List of tallest freestanding steel structures

References

External links

Aon Center
on CTBUH Skyscraper Center

List of tenants at the Aon Center
- Companies located at 200 East Randolph Street, Chicago IL

{{Buildings in Chicago timeline

Skyscraper office buildings in Chicago
Insurance company headquarters in the United States
BP buildings and structures
Office buildings completed in 1973
Edward Durell Stone buildings
JLL (company)
International style architecture in Illinois
Modernist architecture in Illinois
1973 establishments in Illinois