Stalag 307 and Oflag 77 was a German prisoner-of-war camp operated during

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

Dęblin Dęblin is a town at the Confluence (geography), confluence of Vistula and Wieprz rivers, in Lublin Voivodeship, Poland. Dęblin is the part of the agglomeration with adjacent towns of Ryki and Puławy, which together have over 100,000 inhabitan ...

in German-occupied Poland.

History

The first POW camp was established in Dęblin by the German occupiers in 1939 for Polish troops of the Independent Operational Group Polesie taken prisoner during the German

invasion of Poland The invasion of Poland, also known as the September Campaign, Polish Campaign, and Polish Defensive War of 1939 (1 September – 6 October 1939), was a joint attack on the Second Polish Republic, Republic of Poland by Nazi Germany, the Slovak R ...

that began World War II. Following the

Battle of France The Battle of France (; 10 May – 25 June 1940), also known as the Western Campaign (), the French Campaign (, ) and the Fall of France, during the Second World War was the Nazi Germany, German invasion of the Low Countries (Belgium, Luxembour ...

, French, Dutch, Belgian and

Senegalese Demographic features of the population of Senegal include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. About 42% of Senegal's population i ...

POWs were brought to the camp. It was located in the

Dęblin Fortress Dęblin Fortress refers to the 19th century fortifications in the town of Dęblin, Poland. Part of the fortress is used as a museum and the area is owned by the Polish military. History The fortifications were constructed between 1837 and 1847, wh ...

. In April 1941, the Stalag 307 camp was established in

Moosburg Moosburg an der Isar ( Central Bavarian: ''Mooschbuag on da Isa'') is a town in the ''Landkreis'' Freising of Bavaria, Germany. The oldest town between Regensburg and Italy lies on the river Isar at an altitude of 421 m (1381 ft). It ...

, then relocated to Kaliłów in May 1941, and finally to Dęblin in October 1941. While still in Kaliłów, abysmal living conditions and feeding rations caused widespread malnutrition and diseases, and there were also mass executions of POWs, including those attempting to escape. Some 13,000 POWs died there. In Dęblin, Stalag 307 housed French, Soviet and Italian prisoners.Megargee; Overmans; Vogt, p. 292 Overcrowding, poor food rations and sanitary conditions caused starvation and epidemics, resulting in a high mortality rate. The camp had two subcamps, located in Zarzecze and

Poniatowa Poniatowa is a town in southeastern Poland, in Opole Lubelskie County, in Lublin Voivodeship, with 10,500 inhabitants (2006). It belongs to the historic province of Lesser Poland. History Exact date of establishment of Poniatowa is not known, how ...

. In January 1944 Stalag 307 was reorganized into Oflag 77, and on August 19, 1944 it was dissolved. Around 100,000 POWs died in the camp.

Notable inmates

* Janusz Komorowski, Polish Olympic equestrian

References

{{reflist Nazi war crimes in Poland World War II prisoner-of-war camps in Germany World War II sites in Poland