Staincross (wapentake)

Staincross was a Wapentake, which was an administrative division (or ancient district), in the historic county of the West Riding of Yorkshire. It consisted of seven parishes, and included the towns of Barnsley, Wombwell, Penistone, Hoyland, Worsbrough and Hemsworth. The area almost corresponds with the modern day Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley.

History

Staincross was named after the village of Staincross and also included the parishes of Cawthorne, Darton, Felkirk, Hemsworth, High Hoyland, Penistone, Royston, Silkstone (including Barnsley) and Tankersley and parts of Darfield. Of the nine wapentakes in the West Riding of Yorkshire, Staincross typically had the lowest population density, which was recorded in 1867 as 27,089.

The original meeting place of the wapentake is believed to have been in, or near, to the village of Staincross, similar to the wapentakes at Ewcross and Osgoldcross. The name derives from the Old Norse of ''stein-kross'', literally, ''stone cross''.

Originally located in the West Riding of Yorkshire, the majority of area within Staincross Wapentake is now within the current Metropolitan county of South Yorkshire, and a small area in the metropolitan county of West Yorkshire. The original boundaries nestled against the wapentakes of Agbrigg to the north, Osgoldcross to the east and Strafforth to the south and south east. On the western edge, the wapentake bordered the Hamestan Hundred of Cheshire. It was estimated to have covered an area of , although, according to Domesday records, a smaller portion, geographically removed from the rest of the wapentake, was located at the village of Adlingfleet where the rivers Ouse and Trent converge.

Much of the Wapentake corresponds with the current Barnsley Metropolitan Area, which also includes towns and villages outside the Staincross Wapentake, in the Dearne Valley such as Wombwell, Hoyland Nether, Goldthorpe, Thurnscoe, Bolton on Dearne etc,. Also some villages and townships of Staincross Wapentake now in post-1974 county of West Yorkshire are outside the current Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Area, namely Denby Dale, Scissett, Clayton West, West Bretton, Woolley, Notton, South Hiendley, Old Royston, Ryhill, Havercroft, and the Hemsworth area.

The River Dearne ran from the north west to the south east of the Wapentake.

Although some distance from the village of Staincross, the Church of All Saints, Silkstone, was sometimes known as the "Mother Church" of the Staincross Wapentake.

Notes

References

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Wapentakes of the West Riding of Yorkshire