''Squalius'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

fish Fish are aquatic, craniate, gill-bearing animals that lack limbs with digits. Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish as well as various extinct related groups. Approximately 95% ...

in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

Cyprinidae Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family. It includes the carps, the true minnows, and relatives like the barbs and barbels. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family and the largest v ...

found in

Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located enti ...

and

Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an ...

Hybrid Hybrid may refer to: Science * Hybrid (biology), an offspring resulting from cross-breeding ** Hybrid grape, grape varieties produced by cross-breeding two ''Vitis'' species ** Hybridity, the property of a hybrid plant which is a union of two diff ...

ization is not rare in the Cyprinidae, including this genus. '' S. alburnoides'' is known to be of ancient hybrid origin, with the

paternal A father is the male parent of a child. Besides the paternal bonds of a father to his children, the father may have a parental, legal, and social relationship with the child that carries with it certain rights and obligations. An adoptive fath ...

lineage deriving from a

prehistoric Prehistory, also known as pre-literary history, is the period of human history between the use of the first stone tools by hominins 3.3 million years ago and the beginning of recorded history with the invention of writing systems. The use o ...

species related to ''

Anaecypris ''Anaecypris hispanica'', the Spanish minnowcarp, is a small species of ray-finned fish species in the family Cyprinidae Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family. It includes the carps, the true mi ...

''; the latter mated with ancestral '' S. pyrenaicus''. Present-day ''S. alburnoides'' mates with

sympatric In biology, two related species or populations are considered sympatric when they exist in the same geographic area and thus frequently encounter one another. An initially interbreeding population that splits into two or more distinct species s ...

congener Congener may refer to: * A thing or person of the same kind as another, or of the same group. * Congener (biology), organisms within the same genus. * Congener (chemistry), related chemicals, e.g., elements in the same group of the periodic table. ...

s of other

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of ...

.Collares-Pereira, M.J. & Coelho, M.M. (2010)
Reconfirming the hybrid origin and generic status of the Iberian cyprinid complex ''Squalius alburnoides''.
''Journal of Fish Biology, 76 (3): 707–715.''

Species

There are currently 52 recognized species in this genus: * ''

Squalius adanaensis The Adana chub (''Squalius adanaensis'') is a cyprinid fish endemic to the lower Seyhan basin in Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental cou ...

Turan Turan ( ae, Tūiriiānəm, pal, Tūrān; fa, توران, Turân, , "The Land of Tur") is a historical region in Central Asia. The term is of Iranian origin and may refer to a particular prehistoric human settlement, a historic geographical ...

Kottelat Maurice Kottelat (born 16 July 1957 in Delémont, SwitzerlandCo ...

Doğan Doğan is both a masculine Turkish given name and a Turkish surname meaning ''Falcon''. Notable people with the name include: Given name * Doğan Abukay, Turkish experimental physicist and academic * Doğan Akhanlı (1957–2021) Turkish-German wri ...

, 2013 (Adana chub) Turan, D., Kottelat, M. & Doğan, E. (2013)
Two new species of ''Squalius'', ''S. adanaensis'' and ''S. seyhanensis'' (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), from the Seyhan River in Turkey.
''Zootaxa, 3637 (3): 308–324.'' * ''

Squalius agdamicus ''Squalius agdamicus'' is a cyprinid fish endemic to the lower Kura basin in Azerbaijan Azerbaijan (, ; az, Azərbaycan ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, , also sometimes officially called the Azerbaijan Republic is a transcontin ...

'' S. N. Kamensky, 1901 * ''

Squalius alburnoides ''Squalius alburnoides'' is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in Portugal and Spain. Its natural habitats are rivers and intermittent rivers. It may be threatened by habitat loss. This species is a highly peculiar fish in ...

'' (

Steindachner Franz Steindachner (11 November 1834 in Vienna – 10 December 1919 in Vienna) was an Austrian zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. He published over 200 papers on fishes and over 50 papers on reptiles and amphibians. Steindachner describ ...

, 1866) * ''

Squalius albus The Trasimeno chub (''Squalius albus'') is a cyprinid fish endemic to Lake Trasimeno in Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle o ...

'' ( Bonaparte, 1838) * ''

Squalius anatolicus ''Squalius anatolicus'' is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found only in Turkey. Its natural habitat is freshwater lake A lake is an area filled with water, localized in a basin, surrounded by land, and distin ...

'' ( Bogutskaya, 1997) (Beyşehir chub) * ''

Squalius aphipsi The Aphips chub (''Squalius aphipsi'') is a cyprinid fish endemic to the Kuban drainages in Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest cou ...

'' (A. I. Aleksandrov, 1927) (Aphips chub) * ''

Squalius aradensis ''Squalius aradensis'' is a ray-finned fish species in the family Cyprinidae, growing to SL. It is endemic to Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, In recognized minority languages of Portugal: :* mwl, República Pertues ...

'' (

Coelho Coelho () is a Portuguese surname meaning "rabbit". Notable people with the surname include: * Arnaldo Cézar Coelho, Brazilian football referee * Bento Coelho da Silveira (ca. 1630-1708), Portuguese painter * Carlos Coelho, Portuguese politician ...

, Bogutskaya,

Rodrigues Rodrigues (french: Île Rodrigues, link=yes ; Creole: ) is a autonomous outer island of the Republic of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean, about east of Mauritius. It is part of the Mascarene Islands, which include Mauritius and Réunion. Rod ...

& Collares-Pereira, 1998) * ''

Squalius aristotelis The Tuzla chub (''Squalius aristotelis'') is a cyprinid fish endemic to the Lake Tuzla drainage in Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental c ...

'' Özuluğ & Freyhof, 2011 (Tuzla chub) Özuluğ, M. & Freyhof, J. (2011)
Revision of the genus ''Squalius'' in Western and Central Anatolia, with description of four new species (Teleostei: Cyprinidae).
''Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 22 (2): 107-148.'' * ''

Squalius berak The Mesopotamian chub (''Squalius berak'') is a cyprinid fish found in the Qweik and Euphrates and Tigris drainages. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q28532588 Squalius Fish described in 1843 ...

'' Heckel, 1843 (Mesopotamian chub) Esmaeili, H.R., Khaefi, R. & Zamanian Nejad, R. (2016)
Historical review on the taxonomy of ''Squalius berak'' Heckel, 1843 (Teleostei: Cyprinidae).
''FishTaxa, 1 (3): 118-126.'' * ''

Squalius cappadocicus The Cappadocian chub (''Squalius cappadocicus'') is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. The species is endemic to the Melendiz River in Lake Tuz in Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( t ...

'' Özuluğ & Freyhof, 2011 (Cappadocian chub) * ''

Squalius carinus The chocolate chub (''Squalius carinus'') is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family. It includes the carps, the true minnows, and relatives like ...

'' Özuluğ & Freyhof, 2011 (Chocolate chub) * ''

Squalius carolitertii ''Squalius carolitertii'' is a species of fresh-water fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in Portugal and Spain, and known there as the ''bordallo, escalo'' or ''gallego''. Its natural habitats are rivers and intermittent rivers. It ...

'' ( Doadrio, 1988) * ''

Squalius castellanus ''Squalius castellanus'' is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. The species is endemic to Gallo River drainages in central Spain. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q5576802 Fish described in 2007 castellanus A castellanus (or c ...

'' Doadrio,

Perea Perea or Peraea (Greek: Περαία, " the country beyond") was the portion of the kingdom of Herod the Great occupying the eastern side of the Jordan River valley, from about one third the way down the Jordan River segment connecting the Sea ...

& F. M. Alonso, 2007 * ''

Squalius cephaloides The thick lipped chub (''Squalius cephaloides'') is a species of cyprinid fish known only from the Armutlu Peninsula in Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a li ...

'' ( Battalgil, 1942) (Thick-lipped chub) * ''

Squalius cephalus ''Squalius cephalus'' is a European species of freshwater fish in the carp family Cyprinidae. It frequents both slow and moderate rivers, as well as canals and still waters of various kinds. This species is referred to as the common chub, Europe ...

'' (

Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, t ...

, 1758) (Common chub) * ''

Squalius cii ''Squalius cii'' is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is also known as the Marmara chub. The species is endemic to Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, lin ...

'' ( J. Richardson, 1857) * ''

Squalius fellowesii The Aegean chub (''Squalius fellowesii'') is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. The species is found in numerous waterways and drainages of the Aegean region of Mugla province, Anatolia, Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ...

'' ( Günther, 1868) (Aegean chub) * ''

Squalius ghigii ''Squalius ghigii'', the Rhodes minnow, is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae, also known as the gizani or ghizáni. It is currently considered to be endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single def ...

'' ( Gianferrari, 1927) (Rhodes chub) * ''

Squalius illyricus ''Squalius illyricus'', the Illyrian chub, is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It inhabits karstic waters of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Albania. Its natural habitats are rivers and water storage areas. It is threate ...

'' Heckel & Kner, 1857 * ''

Squalius janae ''Squalius janae'', commonly known as the Istrian chub, is a species of freshwater fish in the carp family Cyprinidae. It was first described in 2010 from the Dragonja River drainage in Slovenia. Since then they have also been found in the Bolju ...

'' Bogutskaya & Zupančič, 2010 * ''

Squalius keadicus ''Squalius keadicus'' is a species of fresh-water fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found only in Greece, and known as the in Greek. It is endemic to the Evrotas drainage and the Vassilopotamos stream in the southern Peloponnese The P ...

'' ( Stephanidis, 1971) * ''

Squalius kosswigi ''Squalius kosswigi'' is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to the Tahtali River in Turkey. References

Squalius Fish described in 1972 {{Leuciscinae-stub ...

'' ( M. S. Karaman ( sr), 1972) * ''

Squalius kottelati ''Squalius kottelati'', also known as the Cilician pike chub, is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to the Ceyhan and Orontes River drainages in Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of ...

, Yılmaz &

Kaya Kaya may refer to: People *Kaya (given name) *Kaya (surname) Places *Kaya, Burkina Faso, a town in Burkina Faso, capital of the department * Kaya Airport, serving the town *Kaya Department, a department or commune of Sanmatenga Province in centr ...

, 2009 * ''

Squalius laietanus ''Squalius laietanus'' is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in Ebro and Llobregat drainages in Spain, and Tech and Agly The Agly (; ca, Aglí; oc, Aglin) is a river in southern France. It is long. Its sourc ...

'' Doadrio,

Kottelat Maurice Kottelat (born 16 July 1957 in Delémont, SwitzerlandCo ...

& de Sostoa, 2007 * ''

Squalius lepidus ''Squalius lepidus'', also known as the Mesopotamian pike chub, is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family. It includes the carps, the true min ...

'' Heckel, 1843 * ''

Squalius lucumonis ''Squalius lucumonis'' is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae which is found only in Italy. Its natural habitat is within rivers A river is a natural flowing watercourse, usually freshwater, flowing towards an ocean, ...

'' (

Bianco Bianco is a town and ''comune'' in the Province of Reggio Calabria, in southern Italy. It is a seaside town and a popular tourist resort. The main attractions are the remainings of an old abbey and the ruins of a Roman house. See also *Calabria ...

, 1983) * ''

Squalius malacitanus ''Squalius malacitanus'', commonly known as the Málaga chub, is a species of freshwater fish in the carp family Cyprinidae. It was first isolated from the Guadalmina River in Málaga, hence its name. It is considered a vulnerable species. ''S. ...

'' Doadrio &

Carmona Carmona may refer to: Places Angola * the former name of the town of Uíge Costa Rica * Carmona District, Nandayure, a district in Guanacaste Province India * Carmona, Goa, a village located in the Salcette district of South Goa, India ...

, 2006 * ''

Squalius microlepis ''Squalius microlepis'' is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia , image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg , image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg , anthe ...

'' Heckel, 1843 * ''

Squalius moreoticus The Stymphalia chub (''Squalius moreoticus'') is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family. It includes the carps, the true minnows, and relatives ...

'' ( Stephanidis, 1971) (Stymphalia chub) * ''

Squalius namak ''Squalius'' is a genus of fish in the family Cyprinidae found in Europe and Asia. Hybridization is not rare in the Cyprinidae, including this genus. '' S. alburnoides'' is known to be of ancient hybrid origin, with the paternal lineage deriving ...

'' Khaefi, Esmaeili, Sayyadzadeh,

Geiger Geiger may refer to: People *Geiger (surname) Places * Geiger, Alabama, a town * Geiger (crater), a lunar impact crater on the far side of the Moon * Geiger, South Sudan, a border town filled with refugees Other * Geiger counter, a device ...

& Freyhof, 2016 Khaefi, R., Esmaeili, H.R., Sayyadzadeh, G., Geiger, M.F. & Freyhof, J. (2016): ''Squalius namak'', a new chub from Lake Namak basin in Iran (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). ''Zootaxa, 4169 (1): 145–159.'' * ''

Squalius orientalis ''Squalius orientalis'' is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family. It includes the carps, the true minnows, and relatives like the barbs and bar ...

'' (

Nordmann Nordmann is the demonym of the Norwegian people in its native language (see: Norman (name), Norman). It is also a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Alexander von Nordmann (1803–1866), Finnish zoologist * Armand von Nordmann (175 ...

, 1840) * ''

Squalius orpheus ''Squalius orpheus'', also known as the Orpheus dace, is a cyprinid fish endemic to the Maritsa drainage in Bulgaria, Greece, North Macedonia, Serbia, and Turkey. References

Squalius Fish described in 2006 {{Leuciscinae-stub ...

Kottelat Maurice Kottelat (born 16 July 1957 in Delémont, SwitzerlandCo ...

& Economidis, 2006 (Orpheus chub) * ''

Squalius pamvoticus The Pamvotis chub (''Squalius pamvoticus'') is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in Kalamas, Acheron, Louros and Arachthos Arachthos ( el, Άραχθος) is a former municipality in the Arta regional unit, Epir ...

'' ( Stephanidis, 1939) (Pamvotis chub) * ''

Squalius peloponensis ''Squalius peloponensis'', the Peloponnese chub, is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae, growing to SL. It is found only in Greece. Its natural habitats are rivers, intermittent rivers, and freshwater lakes. It is threatened b ...

'' (

Valenciennes Valenciennes (, also , , ; nl, label=also Dutch, Valencijn; pcd, Valincyinnes or ; la, Valentianae) is a commune in the Nord department, Hauts-de-France, France. It lies on the Scheldt () river. Although the city and region experienced a ...

, 1844) (Peloponnese chub) * ''

Squalius platyceps ''Squalius platyceps'' is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in the Drin drainage in Albania, Montenegro, and North Macedonia North Macedonia, ; sq, Maqedonia e Veriut, (Macedonia before February 2019), ...

'' Zupančič,

Marić Marić ( sr-Cyrl, Марић, ) is a South Slavic surname. It is the fourth most common surname in Croatia. Notable people with the name include: * Adnan Marić (born 1997), Swedish footballer *Aleks Marić (born 1984), Australian basketball pl ...

, Naseka & Bogutskaya, 2010 * ''

Squalius prespensis ''Squalius prespensis'' is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae, growing to SL. It was originally described as a subspecies In biological classification, subspecies is a rank below species, used for populations that live ...

'' ( Fowler, 1977) * ''

Squalius pursakensis The Sakarya chub (''Squalius pursakensis'') is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in the Sakarya River The Sakarya (Sakara River, tr, Sakarya Irmağı; gr, Σαγγάριος, translit=Sangarios; Latin: ''San ...

'' ( Hankó ( hu), 1925) (Sakarya chub) * ''

Squalius pyrenaicus ''Squalius pyrenaicus'' is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in Portugal and Spain. Its natural habitats are rivers, intermittent rivers, and water storage areas. It is becoming rare due to habitat loss Hab ...

'' ( Günther, 1868) * '' Squalius recurvirostris'' Özuluğ & Freyhof, 2011 (Akşehir chub) * ''

Squalius seyhanensis The Seyhan dace or Seyhan chub (''Squalius seyhanensis'') is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to the Seyhan River The Seyhan River (formerly written ''Seihan'', ''Sihun''; ancient name: grc, Σάρος, ' ...

Kottelat Maurice Kottelat (born 16 July 1957 in Delémont, SwitzerlandCo ...

, 2013 (Seyhan chub) * ''

Squalius spurius ''Squalius spurius'' is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in Syria Syria ( ar, سُورِيَا or سُورِيَة, translit=Sūriyā), officially the Syrian Arab Republic ( ar, الجمهورية ا� ...

'' Heckel, 1843 (Orontes chub) * ''

Squalius squaliusculus The Syr-Darya dace (''Squalius squaliusculus'') is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to the Aral Sea The Aral Sea ( ; kk, Арал теңізі, Aral teñızı; uz, Орол денгизи, Orol dengizi; ...

Kessler Kessler or Keßler (in German) may refer to: * Kessler (automobile), an American automobile made 1921–1922 * Kessler (name), people named Kessler * ''Kessler'' (TV series), a British television series from 1981 * Kessler, Ohio, an unincorporated ...

, 1872 (Syr-Darya dace) * ''

Squalius squalus ''Squalius squalus'', commonly known as the Italian chub, or the chubius chub or cavedano, is a species of freshwater fish in the carp family Cyprinidae. It is native to southeastern Europe being found in Italy, Switzerland and the former Yugoslav ...

'' ( Bonaparte, 1837) * ''

Squalius svallize ''Squalius svallize'' is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia. Its natural habitats are rivers and inland karsts. It is threatened by habitat loss Habitat destruction (also ...

'' Heckel & Kner, 1857 * ''

Squalius tenellus Squalius tenellus is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to the Cetina Cetina () is a river in southern Croatia. It has a length of and its basin covers an area of . From its source, Cetina descends from an elev ...

'' Heckel, 1843 * ''

Squalius torgalensis ''Squalius torgalensis'' is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae, growing to SL. It is found only in the Mira River basin in southern Portugal. Its natural habitats are rivers and intermittent rivers. It is threatened by habit ...

'' (

, Bogutskaya,

& Collares-Pereira, 1998) * ''

Squalius turcicus The Transcaucasian chub ('Squalius turcicus'') is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in Turkey. References

Squalius Fish described in 1865 Taxa named by Filippo De Filippi {{Leuciscinae-stub ...

'' De Filippi, 1865 (Transcaucasian chub) * ''

Squalius ulanus Squalius ulanus is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family. It includes the carps, the true minnows, and relatives like the barbs and barbels. ...

'' Günther, 1899 * ''

Squalius valentinus ''Squalius valentinus'', commonly known as the Valencia chub and the Levantine bagra, is a species of freshwater fish in the carp family Cyprinidae.Doadrio, Ignacio, and Jose A. Carmona. "Phylogenetic overview of the genus Squalius (Actinopterygi ...

'' Doadrio &

, 2006 * ''

Squalius vardarensis Squalius vardarensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in the Sperchios to Vardar The Vardar (; mk, , , ) or Axios () is the longest river in North Macedonia and the second longest river in Greece, in wh ...

'' S. L. Karaman, 1928 * ''

Squalius zrmanjae ''Squalius zrmanjae'' is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family. It includes the carps, the true minnows, and relatives like the barbs and barb ...

'' S. L. Karaman, 1928

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2725287 Cyprinidae genera Taxa named by Charles Lucien Bonaparte Taxonomy articles created by Polbot