Spizellomycetales is an
order
Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to:
* A socio-political or established or existing order, e.g. World order, Ancien Regime, Pax Britannica
* Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood
...
of
fungi
A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one ...
in the
Chytridiomycetes
Chytridiomycetes () is a class of fungi
A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushr ...
. Spizellomycetalean chytrids are essentially ubiquitous
zoospore
A zoospore is a motile asexual spore that uses a flagellum for locomotion in aqueous or moist environments. Also called a swarm spore, these spores are created by some protists, bacteria, and fungi to propagate themselves. Certain zoospores are ...
-producing fungi found in soils where they decompose pollen. Recently they have also been found in dung and harsh alpine environments, greatly expanding the range of habitats where one can expect to find these fungi.
Role in the environment
Spizellomycetalean chytrids have beneficial roles in the soil for nutrient recycling and as parasites of organisms that attack plants, such as nematodes and oospores of downy mildews. On the other hand, they also have detrimental roles as parasites of arbuscular mycorrhizae, symbiotic fungi that help plants gain essential nutrients.
[ Culture isolation studies and molecular characterization of these fungi have demonstrated a great deal of undescribed diversity within the Spizellomycetales, even for isolates collected within the same geographic location.][ Thus, these understudied fungi await greater exploration.
]
Taxonomy
The order includes the following genera
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial s ...
:
* Family Caulochytriaceae Subramanian 1974
** Genus '' Caulochytrium'' Voos & Olive 1968
* Family Powellomycetaceae Simmons 2011
** Genus '' Fimicolochytrium'' Simmons & Longcore 2012
** Genus '' Geranomyces'' D.R. Simmons 2011[
** Genus '' Powellomyces'' Longcore, D.J.S. Barr & Désauln. 1995
** Genus '' Thoreauomyces'' Simmons & Longcore 2012
* Family Spizellomycetaceae Barr 1980
** Genus '' Brevicalcar'' Letcher & M.J. Powell 2017
** Genus '' Bulbomyces'' Letcher & M.J. Powell 2017
** Genus '' Gaertneriomyces'' D.J.S. Barr 1980
** Genus '' Gallinipes'' Letcher & M.J. Powell 2017
** Genus '' Kochiomyces'' D.J.S. Barr 1980]
See also
* ''Rozella
''Rozella'' is a fungal genus of obligate endoparasites of a variety of hosts, including Oomycota, Chytridiomycota, and Blastocladiomycota. ''Rozella'' was circumscribed by French mycologist Marie Maxime Cornu in 1872. Considered one of the ea ...
''
References
External links
Chytrid Fungi Online
by the University of Alabama
The University of Alabama (informally known as Alabama, UA, the Capstone, or Bama) is a Public university, public research university in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, United States. Established in 1820 and opened to students in 1831, the University of ...
Chytridiomycota
Fungus orders
{{Chytridiomycota-stub