''Sphinctomyrmex'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

ant Ants are eusocial insects of the family Formicidae and, along with the related wasps and bees, belong to the order Hymenoptera. Ants evolved from vespoid wasp ancestors in the Cretaceous period. More than 13,800 of an estimated total of 22,0 ...

s in the subfamily

Dorylinae Dorylinae is an ant subfamily, with distributions in both the Old World and New World. Brady ''et al.'' (2014) synonymized the previous dorylomorph subfamilies (Aenictinae, Aenictogitoninae, Cerapachyinae, Ecitoninae, and Leptanilloidinae) unde ...

. The genus is a

tropical The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator. They are defined in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere at N and the Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern Hemisphere at S. The tropics are also referred to ...

and distinctive group, originally described by

Mayr Mayr is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Andrea Mayr (born 1979), Austrian female long-distance runner * Ernst Mayr (1904–2005), German American evolutionary biologist * Georg Mayr (1564–1623), Bavarian Jesuit prie ...

based on a single

gyne The gyne (, from Greek γυνή, "woman") is the primary reproductive female caste of social insects (especially ants, wasps, and bees of order Hymenoptera, as well as termites). Gynes are those destined to become queens, whereas female workers ...

collected in

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

. Morphologically, the genus is characterized by the unique arrangement of the

gastric The stomach is a muscular, hollow organ in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and many other animals, including several invertebrates. The stomach has a dilated structure and functions as a vital organ in the digestive system. The stomach i ...

segments, which are nearly equal in length and separated from each other by distinct constrictions. Very little is known on the natural history of ''Sphinctomyrmex''. The few observations so far suggest that ants of this genus are nomadic predators of other ants. The genus '' Zasphinctus'' and approximately 20 species were formerly included, but were split out during revision of the Dorylinae genera by Borowiec (2016).

Species

* ''

Sphinctomyrmex marcoyi ''Sphinctomyrmex marcoyi'' is a Neotropical species of ants in the subfamily Dorylinae. It is the only ''Sphinctomyrmex'' species recorded in the Amazon Forest. Gynes and males are unknown. Description ''S. marcoyi'' is known only from the holo ...

'' * ''

Sphinctomyrmex schoerederi ''Sphinctomyrmex schoerederi'' is a Neotropical species of ants in the subfamily Dorylinae. ''S. schoerederi'' is known only from the holotype, collected in a leaf litter sample from a forest remnant in the campus of Universidade Federal de Viç ...

'' * ''

Sphinctomyrmex stali ''Sphinctomyrmex stali'' (named after the Swedish entomologist Carl Stål) is a Neotropical species of ants in the subfamily Dorylinae. Mayr described the genus ''Sphinctomyrmex'' with ''S. stali'' as its type species, based on a single dealate ...

References

External links

* Dorylinae Ant genera Hymenoptera of South America {{ant-stub