Major General Spencer Edmund Hollond CB, CMG, DSO (19 March 1874 – 5 February 1950) was a

British Army The British Army is the principal Army, land warfare force of the United Kingdom. the British Army comprises 73,847 regular full-time personnel, 4,127 Brigade of Gurkhas, Gurkhas, 25,742 Army Reserve (United Kingdom), volunteer reserve perso ...

staff officer during the

First World War World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

Life

He was the second son of

John Robert Hollond John Robert Hollond (2 November 1843 – 19 October 1912) was a British Liberal Party (UK), Liberal Party and Liberal Unionist politician and father of the army officer Spencer Edmund Hollond. He was the second son of Rev. Edmund Hollond, of Ben ...

and attended

Harrow School Harrow School () is a Public school (United Kingdom), public school (English boarding school for boys) in Harrow on the Hill, Greater London, England. The school was founded in 1572 by John Lyon (school founder), John Lyon, a local landowner an ...

(there becoming friends with

Winston Churchill Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 1874 – 24 January 1965) was a British statesman, military officer, and writer who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 (Winston Churchill in the Second World War, ...

) then

Trinity College, Cambridge Trinity College is a Colleges of the University of Cambridge, constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Founded in 1546 by King Henry VIII, Trinity is one of the largest Cambridge colleges, with the largest financial endowment of any ...

. He joined the

Rifle Brigade The Rifle Brigade (The Prince Consort's Own) was an infantry rifle regiment of the British Army formed in January 1800 as the "Experimental Corps of Riflemen" to provide sharpshooters, scouts, and skirmishers. They were soon renamed the "Rifle ...

as a Second Lieutenant in 1895, rising to Lieutenant in 1897. He served in the

Second Boer War The Second Boer War (, , 11 October 189931 May 1902), also known as the Boer War, Transvaal War, Anglo–Boer War, or South African War, was a conflict fought between the British Empire and the two Boer republics (the South African Republic and ...

, being mentioned in dispatches, receiving the

Queen's South Africa Medal The Queen's South Africa Medal is a British campaign medal awarded to British and Colonial military personnel, and to civilians employed in an official capacity, who served in the Second Boer War in South Africa. Altogether twenty-six clasps wer ...

with 4 clasps and being promoted to Captain in 1901. He then served as aide-de-camp to the

Duke of Connaught Duke of Connaught and Strathearn was a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom that was granted on 24 May 1874 by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to her third son, Prince Arthur. At the same time, he was al ...

from 1901 to 1904 before being promoted to Major in 1913. During the First World War he rose to Brigadier General, was mentioned seven times in despatches, won the

Distinguished Service Order The Distinguished Service Order (DSO) is a Military awards and decorations, military award of the United Kingdom, as well as formerly throughout the Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth, awarded for operational gallantry for highly successful ...

in 1916 and was a GSO2 on Third Army's staff during the

battle of the Somme The Battle of the Somme (; ), also known as the Somme offensive, was a battle of the First World War fought by the armies of the British Empire and the French Third Republic against the German Empire. It took place between 1 July and 18 Nove ...

and the battle of Gommecourt, criticising

Thomas D'Oyly Snow Lieutenant-General Sir Thomas D’Oyly Snow, (5 May 1858 – 30 August 1940) was a British Army officer who fought on the Western Front during the First World War. He played an important role in the war, leading the 4th Division in the retrea ...

's planning of the attack and asking

Allenby Allenby is a surname of English origin. Notable people with the surname include: *Edmund Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby (1861–1936), British Army field-marshal ** Named after Edmund Allenby: *** Viscount Allenby, a title in the Peerage of the Unit ...

for Snow's dismissal. He ended the War as BGGS Inspector-General of Training and with the nickname 'Tom' Hollond from his troops. After the war he was made a colonel (1920), a knight of the

Legion of Honour The National Order of the Legion of Honour ( ), formerly the Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour (), is the highest and most prestigious French national order of merit, both military and Civil society, civil. Currently consisting of five cl ...

, a

Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George The Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George is a British order of chivalry founded on 28 April 1818 by George, Prince of Wales (the future King George IV), while he was acting as prince regent for his father, King George I ...

in 1919 and a

Companion of the Order of the Bath Companion may refer to: Relationships Currently * Any of several interpersonal relationships such as friend or acquaintance * A domestic partner, akin to a spouse * Sober companion, an addiction treatment coach * Companion (caregiving), a caregi ...

in 1920 and attended the opening of

Plymouth Plymouth ( ) is a port city status in the United Kingdom, city and unitary authority in Devon, South West England. It is located on Devon's south coast between the rivers River Plym, Plym and River Tamar, Tamar, about southwest of Exeter and ...

's War Memorial in 192

He was colonel commandant of 8th Infantry Brigade (1921–1925), commandant of the Senior Officers School (1925–27). He rose to Major-General in 1927 and retired the following year.

Marriage and issue

He first married on 5 October 1905 to Lulu Pfizer (granddaughter of the American pharmaceutical manufacturer

Charles Pfizer Karl Christian Friedrich Pfizer (; March 22, 1824October 19, 1906), known as Charles Pfizer, was a German-American businessman and chemist who co-founded the Pfizer pharmaceutical company with his cousin, Charles F. Erhart, in 1849, as Chas. Pf ...

) at

St George's, Hanover Square St George's, Hanover Square, is an Church of England, Anglican church, the parish church of Mayfair in the City of Westminster, central London, built in the early eighteenth century as part of a project to build fifty new churches around London ...

. Three of the bridesmaids were English, and three American, and the couple received as wedding gifts a

loving cup A loving cup is a large cup with two arching handles. It can describe a shared drinking container traditionally used at Christian lovefeasts, as well as at weddings and banquets, often made of silver. Loving cups are also given as trophy, trop ...

from the Duke and

Duchess Duke is a male title either of a monarch ruling over a duchy, or of a member of royalty, or nobility. As rulers, dukes are ranked below emperors, kings, grand princes, grand dukes, and above sovereign princes. As royalty or nobility, they a ...

of Connaught and Swedish enamels from Princess Gustav of Swedenbr>
They had one child, Charles Arthur Spencer Hollond (1906–1929). Lulu Pfizer Hollond had been painted in 1901 by the Swiss-born American artist

Adolfo Müller-Ury Adolfo Müller-Ury, Order of St. Gregory the Great, KSG (March 29, 1862 – July 6, 1947) was a Swiss-born American portrait painter and Impressionism, impressionistic painter of roses and still life. Early life and education Müller was b ...

and exhibited that year at Knoedler's in New York. Lulu died in 1911 and then Spencer remarried on 16 September 1920 to Esther Eliza Sanderson, daughter of Llewellyn Traherne Bassett Sanderson and Lady Rachel Mary Scott. They had one child, Robert Gustof Percy Hollond, in 1921.

References

External links

Centre for First World War Studies
from Hollond to Maj Gen John Frederick Charles Fuller
Biography, drawn from Burke, L.G., 1939; Univ. War List; Army Lists; The V.C. and D.S.O.; Who's WhoPlantagenet Roll of the Blood Royal
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hollond 1874 births 1950 deaths Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge British Army personnel of the Second Boer War British Army generals of World War I Companions of the Distinguished Service Order Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George Companions of the Order of the Bath People educated at Harrow School Rifle Brigade officers Knights of the Legion of Honour British Army major generals