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Somkhiti ( ka, სომხითი, ) was an ambiguous geographic term used in medieval and early modern Georgian historical sources to refer to Armenia on one hand and to the Armeno-Georgian marchlands along the river valleys of Debed and Khrami on the other hand. In the 18th century, ''Somkhiti'' was largely replaced with Somkheti ( ka, სომხეთი, ) as a Georgian
exonym An endonym (also known as autonym ) is a common, name for a group of people, individual person, geographical place, language, or dialect, meaning that it is used inside a particular group or linguistic community to identify or designate them ...
for Armenia, but it continued, for some time, to denote the frontier region which is currently divided between Lori, Armenia, and
Kvemo Kartli Kvemo Kartli ( ka, ქვემო ქართლი ) or "Lower Kartli", is a historic province and current administrative region (mkhare) in southeastern Georgia. The city of Rustavi is the regional capital. Location Kvemo Kartli is a region ...
, Georgia. This patch of land was sometimes referred to as "Georgian Armenia" in the 19th-century
Europe Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east ...
an sources."Georgia", in ''
Encyclopædia Metropolitana ''The Encyclopædia Metropolitana'' was an encyclopedic work published in London, from 1817 to 1845, by part publication. In all it came to quarto, 30 vols., having been issued in 59 parts (22,426 pages, 565 plates). Origins Initially the pro ...
'', ed. by Edward Smedley, Hugh James Rose and Henry John Rose (1845), p. 538.


Etymology

The term "Somkhiti"/"Somkheti" is presumed by modern scholars to have been derived from "Sukhmi" or "Sokhmi", the name of an ancient land located by the
Assyria Assyria (Neo-Assyrian cuneiform: , ''māt Aššur'') was a major ancient Mesopotamian civilization that existed as a city-state from the 21st century BC to the 14th century BC and eventually expanded into an empire from the 14th century BC t ...
n and Urartian records along the upper
Euphrates The Euphrates ( ; see #Etymology, below) is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of West Asia. Tigris–Euphrates river system, Together with the Tigris, it is one of the two defining rivers of Mesopotamia (). Originati ...
. G. Melikishvili, ''Nairi-Urartu'' (Tbilisi, 1954), pp. 418-19, cited in Suny, Ronald Grigor (1994), ''The Making of the Georgian Nation'', p. 344, n. 20.
Indiana University Press Indiana University Press, also known as IU Press, is an academic publisher founded in 1950 at Indiana University that specializes in the humanities and social sciences. Its headquarters are located in Bloomington, Indiana. IU Press publishes ...
, .
According to Professor
David Marshall Lang David Marshall Lang (6 May 1924 – 20 March 1991), was a Professor of Caucasian Studies, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. He was one of the most productive British scholars who specialized in Georgian, Armenian and ...
,


See also

*
Name of Armenia The name ''Armenia'' entered English via Latin, from Ancient Greek . The Armenian endonym for the Armenian people and country is (pl. ) and , respectively. The exact etymologies of the names of Armenia are unknown, and there are various specu ...
*
Saberdzneti Saberdzneti ( ka, საბერძნეთი ) was an ambiguous geographic term used in medieval and early modern Georgian historical sources to refer to Ancient Greece, the Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire, while ''berdzeni'' ( ka, ბ� ...


References

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Further reading

*'' The Georgian Chronicles'',
TITUS Titus Caesar Vespasianus ( ; 30 December 39 – 13 September AD 81) was Roman emperor from 79 to 81. A member of the Flavian dynasty, Titus succeeded his father Vespasian upon his death, becoming the first Roman emperor ever to succeed h ...
(Online Version). Historical geography of Armenia Historical geography of Georgia (country)