Solemyidae is a

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

of saltwater clams,

marine Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean. Marine or marines may refer to: Ocean * Maritime (disambiguation) * Marine art * Marine biology * Marine debris * Marine habitats * Marine life * Marine pollution Military * ...

protobranch

bivalve Bivalvia (), in previous centuries referred to as the Lamellibranchiata and Pelecypoda, is a class of marine and freshwater molluscs that have laterally compressed bodies enclosed by a shell consisting of two hinged parts. As a group, biv ...

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is es ...

s in the

order Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to: * Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood * Heterarchy, a system of organization wherein the elements have the potential to be ranked a number of ...

Solemyida Solemyida is an order of bivalve molluscs. Families in the order Solemyida * Manzanellidae Chronic, 1952 * Solemyidae Solemyidae is a family of saltwater clams, marine protobranch bivalve mollusks in the order Solemyida. Biology Solemyid ...

Biology

Solemyids are remarkable in that their digestive tract is either extremely small or non-existent, and their feeding appendages are too short to reach outside the shell. It has been shown that these clams host

sulphur Sulfur (or sulphur in British English) is a chemical element with the symbol S and atomic number 16. It is abundant, multivalent and nonmetallic. Under normal conditions, sulfur atoms form cyclic octatomic molecules with a chemical formula ...

oxidizing Redox (reduction–oxidation, , ) is a type of chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of substrate change. Oxidation is the loss of electrons or an increase in the oxidation state, while reduction is the gain of electrons or a d ...

bacteria Bacteria (; singular: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were am ...

intracellularly within their

gill A gill () is a respiratory organ that many aquatic organisms use to extract dissolved oxygen from water and to excrete carbon dioxide. The gills of some species, such as hermit crabs, have adapted to allow respiration on land provided they ar ...

filaments. As

chemoautotrophs A Chemotroph is an organism that obtains energy by the oxidation of electron donors in their environments. These molecules can be organic (chemoorganotrophs) or inorganic ( chemolithotrophs). The chemotroph designation is in contrast to phot ...

, these bacterial

symbionts Symbiosis (from Greek , , "living together", from , , "together", and , bíōsis, "living") is any type of a close and long-term biological interaction between two different biological organisms, be it mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasit ...

synthesize organic matter from CO₂ and are the primary source of nutrition for the whole organism. In turn, the animal host provides its symbionts a habitat in which they have access to the substrates of chemoautotrophy (O₂, CO₂, and reduced inorganic compounds such as H₂S). Together, these partners create "animals" with novel metabolic capabilities.

Genera and species

The family Solemyidae includes two genera and the following species: * '' Acharax''

Dall Dall may refer to: People * Anders Bendssøn Dall (died 1607), Danish Lutheran bishop * Bobby Dall (born 1963), American musician * Caroline Healey Dall (1822–1912), American feminist writer *Clarrie Dall (1887–1953), Australian footballer * C ...

, 1908 ** '' Acharax alinae'' Métivier & Cosel, 1993 ** '' Acharax bartschii'' (Dall, 1908) ** '' Acharax caribbaea'' (Vokes, 1970) ** '' Acharax clarificata'' Dell, 1995 ** '' Acharax gadirae'' Oliver, Rodrigues & Cunha, 2011 ** '' Acharax grandis'' (Verrill & Bush, 1898) ** '' Acharax japonica'' (Dunker, 1882) ** '' Acharax johnsoni'' (Dall, 1891) ** '' Acharax patagonica'' (E. A. Smith, 1885) ** '' Acharax prashadi'' (Vokes, 1955) * ''

Solemya ''Solemya'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Solemyidae, the awning clams. ''Solemya'' is the type genus of the family Solemyidae. Description The shell valves of species in this genus are fragile and subc ...

Lamarck Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biolog ...

, 1818 ** ''

Solemya africana ''Solemya'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Solemyidae, the awning clams. ''Solemya'' is the type genus of the family Solemyidae. Description The shell valves of species in this genus are fragile and subcylin ...

'' Martens, 1880 ** ''

Solemya atacama ''Solemya'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Solemyidae, the awning clams. ''Solemya'' is the type genus of the family Solemyidae. Description The shell valves of species in this genus are fragile and subcylin ...

'' (Kuznetzov & Schileyko, 1984) ** ''

Solemya australis ''Solemya'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Solemyidae, the awning clams. ''Solemya'' is the type genus of the family Solemyidae. Description The shell valves of species in this genus are fragile and subcylin ...

'' Lamarck, 1818 ** ''

Solemya borealis ''Solemya borealis'' , the boreal awning clam, is a species of saltwater clam, a marine bivalve mollusc in the family Solemyidae the awning clams. This species is found along the northeastern coast of North America, from Nova Scotia to Connec ...

'' Totten, 1834 ** ''

Solemya elarraichensis ''Solemya elarraichensis'' is a species of marine bivalve mollusc in the family Solemyidae. It is endemic to the deep-water mud volcano slopes in the Gulf of Cadiz in the eastern Atlantic Ocean. Description ''Solemya elarraichensis'' reaches a ...

'' Oliver, Rodrigues & Cunha, 2011 ** ''

Solemya flava ''Solemya'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Solemyidae, the awning clams. ''Solemya'' is the type genus of the family Solemyidae. Description The shell valves of species in this genus are fragile and subcyl ...

'' Sato, Sasaki & Watanabe, 2013 ** ''

Solemya moretonensis ''Solemya'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Solemyidae, the awning clams. ''Solemya'' is the type genus of the family Solemyidae. Description The shell valves of species in this genus are fragile and subcyl ...

'' Taylor, Glover & Williams, 2008 ** ''

Solemya notialis ''Solemya'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Solemyidae, the awning clams. ''Solemya'' is the type genus of the family Solemyidae. Description The shell valves of species in this genus are fragile and subcyl ...

'' Simone, 2009 ** ''

Solemya occidentalis ''Solemya occidentalis'' , the West Indian awning clam, is a species of marine bivalve mollusc in the family Solemyidae. This species is found in the western Atlantic Ocean from Florida to the West Indies The West Indies is a subregion of ...

'' Deshayes, 1857 ** ''

Solemya panamensis ''Solemya'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Solemyidae, the awning clams. ''Solemya'' is the type genus of the family Solemyidae. Description The shell valves of species in this genus are fragile and subcyl ...

'' Dall, 1908 ** ''

Solemya parkinsonii ''Solemya parkinsonii'' is a species of saltwater clam, a marine bivalve mollusc in the family Solemyidae Solemyidae is a family of saltwater clams, marine protobranch bivalve mollusks in the order Solemyida. Biology Solemyids are remarkable ...

'' E. A. Smith, 1874 ** ''

Solemya pervernicosa ''Solemya'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Solemyidae, the awning clams. ''Solemya'' is the type genus of the family Solemyidae. Description The shell valves of species in this genus are fragile and subcyl ...

'' (Kuroda, 1948) ** ''

Solemya pusilla ''Solemya'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Solemyidae, the awning clams. ''Solemya'' is the type genus of the family Solemyidae. Description The shell valves of species in this genus are fragile and subcyl ...

'' Gould, 1861 ** ''

Solemya tagiri ''Solemya'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Solemyidae, the awning clams. ''Solemya'' is the type genus of the family Solemyidae. Description The shell valves of species in this genus are fragile and subcyl ...

'' Okutani, Hashimoto & Miura, 2004 ** ''

Solemya terraereginae ''Solemya'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Solemyidae, the awning clams. ''Solemya'' is the type genus of the family Solemyidae. Description The shell valves of species in this genus are fragile and subc ...

'' Iredale, 1929 ** '' Solemya togata'' (Poli, 1791) ** '' Solemya valvulus'' Carpenter, 1864 ** ''

Solemya velesiana ''Solemya'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Solemyidae, the awning clams. ''Solemya'' is the type genus of the family Solemyidae. Description The shell valves of species in this genus are fragile and subcylin ...

'' Iredale, 1931 ** '' Solemya velum'' Say, 1822 ** ''

Solemya winckworthi ''Solemya'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Solemyidae, the awning clams. ''Solemya'' is the type genus of the family Solemyidae. Description The shell valves of species in this genus are fragile and subc ...

'' Prashad, 1932

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q3017450 Environmental microbiology Bivalve families Chemosynthetic symbiosis Taxa named by John Edward Gray