Sisu E13TP is a military terrain truck produced by the Finnish heavy vehicle producer Sisu Defence. The vehicle was introduced in 2005 and the first vehicles were delivered in 2007. E13TP is available in layouts

6×6 Six-wheel drive (6WD or 6×6) is an all-wheel drive drivetrain configuration of three axles with at least two wheels on each axle capable of being driven simultaneously by the vehicle's engine. Unlike four-wheel drive drivetrains, the configurat ...

and

8×8 Eight-wheel drive, often notated as 8WD or 8×8, is a drivetrain configuration that allows all eight wheels of an eight-wheeled vehicle to be drive wheels (that is, to receive power from the engine) simultaneously. Unlike four-wheel drive drivetr ...

. The stronger variant E15TP is with 10×10 layout. The primary military applications are hook loader,

radar Radar is a detection system that uses radio waves to determine the distance ('' ranging''), angle, and radial velocity of objects relative to the site. It can be used to detect aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, w ...

carrier,

missile vehicle In the military, vehicles such as trucks or tractor units can be used to transport or launch missiles (rockets with warheads), essentially a form of rocket artillery. History The missile vehicle may be a self-propelled unit or the missile hold ...

, recovery vehicle and

bridging vehicle A military engineering vehicle is a vehicle built for construction work or for the transportation of combat engineers on the battlefield. These vehicles may be modified civilian equipment (such as the armoured bulldozers that many nations field) ...

. Some civil applications are produced for oil fields and

rescue Rescue comprises responsive operations that usually involve the saving of life, or the urgent treatment of injuries after an accident or a dangerous situation. Tools used might include search and rescue dogs, mounted search and rescue ...

purposes in particular.

Development

Sisu E13TP is developed for military and

peacekeeping Peacekeeping comprises activities intended to create conditions that favour lasting peace. Research generally finds that peacekeeping reduces civilian and battlefield deaths, as well as reduces the risk of renewed warfare. Within the United ...

missions in particular. It is heavily based on the preceding E11T model; the main differences are bigger

engine displacement Engine displacement is the measure of the cylinder volume swept by all of the pistons of a piston engine, excluding the combustion chambers. It is commonly used as an expression of an engine's size, and by extension as a loose indicator of t ...

armour Armour (British English British English (BrE, en-GB, or BE) is, according to Lexico, Oxford Dictionaries, "English language, English as used in Great Britain, as distinct from that used elsewhere". More narrowly, it can refer specificall ...

ed cabin and upgraded

gearbox Propulsion transmission is the mode of transmitting and controlling propulsion power of a machine. The term ''transmission'' properly refers to the whole drivetrain, including clutch, gearbox, prop shaft (for rear-wheel drive vehicles), diffe ...

. The

Finnish Defence Forces The Finnish Defence Forces ( fi, Puolustusvoimat, sv, Försvarsmakten) are the military of Finland. The Finnish Defence Forces consist of the Finnish Army, the Finnish Navy and the Finnish Air Force. In wartime the Finnish Border Guard (which i ...

participated at the development work. In order to lower the

operating cost Operating costs or operational costs, are the expenses which are related to the operation of a business, or to the operation of a device, component, piece of equipment or facility. They are the cost of resources used by an organization just to main ...

s and ensure availability of spares, large amount of the parts are standard components. In March 2004 Lithuania joined an alliance to support

NATO The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two No ...

in remote peacekeeping and humanitarian missions, which it dedicated to a specific unit in the

Armed Forces A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct ...

. Lithuania raised a tender for Level 2 protected armoured lorries at the end of 2005. Eight manufacturers from United States and

Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located enti ...

took part in the tender process; the three shortlisted producers were

Iveco IVECO, an acronym for Industrial Vehicles Corporation, is an Italian multinational transport vehicle manufacturing company. It designs and builds light, medium, and heavy commercial vehicles. The name IVECO first appeared in 1975 after a merger ...

MAN A man is an adult male human. Prior to adulthood, a male human is referred to as a boy (a male child or adolescent). Like most other male mammals, a man's genome usually inherits an X chromosome from the mother and a Y chrom ...

and Sisu. Eventually, in the same December it was announced Sisu became selected. Lithuanian Armed Forces ordered 24 vehicles which were delivered between 2007–2009; the first units entered in service in 2008. The value of the order was €20M. The deal was followed by further E13TP orders. A 10×10-driven variant E15TP with a more powerful engine was introduced in

Eurosatory Eurosatory is the largest international defence and security exhibition for land and airland that is held every two years in the Paris-Nord Villepinte Exhibition Centre, Paris, France. In 2022, it gathered over 1,700 exhibitors and over 62,000 vis ...

2006 exhibition.

Technical data

Engine

E13TP is powered by Caterpillar C13

turbo-diesel The term turbo-diesel, also written as turbodiesel and turbo diesel, refers to any diesel engine equipped with a turbocharger. As with other engine types, turbocharging a diesel engine can significantly increase its efficiency and power output, ...

engine. The six-in-line, 12.5-litre diesel has bore of 130 mm and stroke of 157 mm. It is equipped with a cross-flow breathing

cylinder head In an internal combustion engine, the cylinder head (often abbreviated to simply "head") sits above the cylinder (engine), cylinders and forms the roof of the combustion chamber. In sidevalve engines, the head is a simple sheet of metal; whereas ...

. The engine weights 1 187 kg. Its

output Output may refer to: * The information produced by a computer, see Input/output * An output state of a system, see state (computer science) * Output (economics), the amount of goods and services produced ** Gross output in economics, the value ...

is 332 kW and the maximum

torque In physics and mechanics, torque is the rotational equivalent of linear force. It is also referred to as the moment of force (also abbreviated to moment). It represents the capability of a force to produce change in the rotational motion of t ...

is 2270 Nm /1200 1/min. The engine includes heaters for

lubricating oil A lubricant (sometimes shortened to lube) is a substance that helps to reduce friction between surfaces in mutual contact, which ultimately reduces the heat generated when the surfaces move. It may also have the function of transmitting forces, t ...

cooling water Cooling tower and water discharge of a nuclear power plant Water cooling is a method of heat removal from components and industrial equipment. Evaporative cooling using water is often more efficient than air cooling. Water is inexpensive and non ...

and cabin. E15TP is equipped with a stronger Caterpillar engine, C15. Also this model is a six-in-line turbocharged diesel engine. Its displacement is 15.2 litres, bore 137 mm and stroke 171 mm. The

compression ratio The compression ratio is the ratio between the volume of the cylinder and combustion chamber in an internal combustion engine at their maximum and minimum values. A fundamental specification for such engines, it is measured two ways: the stat ...

is 17:1. The engine produces maximum output of 410 kW /1900 1/min and torque 2 508 Nm /1200–1500 1/min.

Transmission

The gearbox used in E13TP 8×8 models is an

automatic Automatic may refer to: Music Bands * Automatic (band), Australian rock band * Automatic (American band), American rock band * The Automatic, a Welsh alternative rock band Albums * ''Automatic'' (Jack Bruce album), a 1983 electronic rock ...

6-speed

Allison Allison may refer to: People * Allison (given name) * Allison (surname) (includes a list of people with this name) * Eugene Allison Smith (1922-1980), American politician and farmer Companies * Allison Engine Company, American aircraft engine ...

HD4500SP with a

torque converter A torque converter is a type of fluid coupling that transfers rotating power from a prime mover, like an internal combustion engine, to a rotating driven load. In a vehicle with an automatic transmission, the torque converter connects the pow ...

. The

Steyr Steyr (; Central Bavarian: ''Steia'') is a statutory city, located in the Austrian federal state of Upper Austria. It is the administrative capital, though not part of Steyr-Land District. Steyr is Austria's 12th most populated town and the 3rd ...

VG 2000/300 2-step reduction gear contains longitudinal, lockable differential between the front and rear axles. All axles are driven and produced by

Sisu Axles Sisu Axles, Inc. ( fi, Sisu Akselit Oy) is a producer of heavy vehicle axles in Hämeenlinna, Finland. The company's main markets are in heavy truck, terminal tractor and military vehicle axles; the driven axles are exclusively with planetary re ...

. CTI system is available as an option. The E15TP 10×10 is equipped with a 7-speed automatic Allison. In this variant all the axles are with lockable differentials and there are four interaxle locks; the first, second and last axle are steering. Also these axles come from Sisu Axles.

Cabin and armour

The cabin contains seating for driver and one passenger.

Mine Mine, mines, miners or mining may refer to: Extraction or digging * Miner, a person engaged in mining or digging *Mining, extraction of mineral resources from the ground through a mine Grammar *Mine, a first-person English possessive pronoun ...

, ballistic and

NBC The National Broadcasting Company (NBC) is an American English-language commercial broadcast television and radio network. The flagship property of the NBC Entertainment division of NBCUniversal, a division of Comcast, its headquarters ...

protections are optional; the mine and ballistic protection can be also mounted afterwards. Cabin and engine mine protection is installed on the chassis under the cabin and on the floor in accordance with

STANAG 4569 NATO AEP-55 STANAG 4569 is a NATO Standardization Agreement covering the standards for the "Protection Levels for Occupants of Logistic and Light Armored Vehicles". The standard covers strikes from kinetic energy, artillery and IED blasts. Level ...

levels 3a and 3b against

anti-tank mine An anti-tank mine (abbreviated to "AT mine") is a type of land mine designed to damage or destroy vehicles including tanks and armored fighting vehicles. Compared to anti-personnel mines, anti-tank mines typically have a much larger explosive c ...

blasts up to 6 kg. Armoured steel doors provide STANAG 4569 level 1 ballistic protection; levels 2 and 3 are reached with optional composite doors. The cabin is produced from

Ruukki Ruukki is a former municipality of Finland. It is located in the province of Oulu and is part of the Northern Ostrobothnia region. The municipality had a population of 4,505 (31 December 2006) and covered an area of of which is water. The pop ...

Ramor steel and fitted with pressurised NBC protection system.

Chassis

The chassis is mine-protected; the pneumatic, electric and fuel systems are placed in protected areas, for example behind the cabin. The frame is designed to withstand high

torsional In the field of solid mechanics, torsion is the twisting of an object due to an applied torque. Torsion is expressed in either the pascal (Pa), an SI unit for newtons per square metre, or in pounds per square inch (psi) while torque is express ...

stress.

Superstructures

The

modular design Modular design, or modularity in design, is a design principle that subdivides a system into smaller parts called ''modules'' (such as modular process skids), which can be independently created, modified, replaced, or exchanged with other modules ...

enables a wide variety of

superstructure A superstructure is an upward extension of an existing structure above a baseline. This term is applied to various kinds of physical structures such as buildings, bridges, or ships. Aboard ships and large boats On water craft, the superstruct ...

s and applications, such as hook loader and radar or launcher carrier. An application with

NASAMS NASAMS (Norwegian Advanced Surface-to-Air Missile System, also known as the National Advanced Surface-to-Air Missile System) is a distributed and networked short- to medium-range ground-based air defense system developed by Kongsberg Defence & A ...

air defence system Anti-aircraft warfare, counter-air or air defence forces is the battlespace response to aerial warfare, defined by NATO as "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action".AAP-6 It includes surface based, ...

was introduced in

Norway Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and t ...

in June 2010. A firefighting and rescue vehicle with a decouplable 10-ton extinguishing container was presented in 2012. The E15TP is fitted with 26-metre MLC70 Leguan bridge and launching system produced by the

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ger ...

company KMW.

Characteristics

On dry and stiff surface the vehicle is capable to climb 60% steep uphill and downhill forward and by reversing. Uphill start is possible on this gradient by help of interlocks. The nominal fording depth is 0.8 m, but 1.2-metre depth is achievable with preparation. The angles of approach and departure are 35°. Maximum side slope is 30% and vertical step about 0.6 metres. The terrain capability is further enhanced by a front-mounted

hydraulic Hydraulics (from Greek: Υδραυλική) is a technology and applied science using engineering, chemistry, and other sciences involving the mechanical properties and use of liquids. At a very basic level, hydraulics is the liquid counter ...

150-kN self-recovery

winch A winch is a mechanical device that is used to pull in (wind up) or let out (wind out) or otherwise adjust the tension of a rope or wire rope (also called "cable" or "wire cable"). In its simplest form, it consists of a spool (or drum) attac ...

. The climatic operation range is from -55 °C to +50 °C. Sisu E13TP is transportable by

Hercules C-130 The Lockheed C-130 Hercules is an American four-engine turboprop military transport aircraft designed and built by Lockheed (now Lockheed Martin). Capable of using unprepared runways for takeoffs and landings, the C-130 was originally design ...

aircraft and fulfills STANAG 2468 requirements for

rail transport Rail transport (also known as train transport) is a means of transport that transfers passengers and goods on wheeled vehicles running on rails, which are incorporated in Track (rail transport), tracks. In contrast to road transport, where the ...

ation. Also

sea transport Maritime transport (or ocean transport) and hydraulic effluvial transport, or more generally waterborne transport, is the transport of people ( passengers) or goods (cargo) via waterways. Freight transport by sea has been widely used thr ...

is taken into account.

Operators

Current applications

;: The first 8×8 driven E13TP's were delivered to

Estonian Defence Forces The Estonian Defence Forces ( et, Eesti Kaitsevägi) are the unified military forces of the Republic of Estonia. The Estonian Defence Forces consist of the Estonian Land Forces, the Estonian Navy, the Estonian Air Force, and the paramilitary E ...

in 2012. The vehicles serve as a platform for the Air Force's Ground Master 403 air defence radar system. ;: The

ordered 72 units of 8×8 driven E13TPs, which entered in service in 2010, and 9 units of 10×10 driven E15TP's, which were delivered 2007–2009. 20 E13TP vehicles were delivered to the

Finnish Rapid Deployment Force The Finnish Rapid Deployment Force (FRDF) ( fi, Suomen Kansainvälinen Valmiusjoukko) is the spearhead international force of the Finnish Defence Forces (FDF). It can also be used for national defence. The force is trained to participate as part ...

s and they have been used in NATO led

ISAF ' ps, کمک او همکاري ' , allies = Afghanistan , opponents = Taliban Al-Qaeda , commander1 = , commander1_label = Commander , commander2 = , commander2_label = , commander3 = , command ...

operation in

Afghanistan Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan,; prs, امارت اسلامی افغانستان is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia. Referred to as the Heart of Asia, it is bord ...

and

UNIFIL The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon ( ar, قوة الأمم المتحدة المؤقتة في لبنان, he, כוח האו"ם הזמני בלבנון), or UNIFIL ( ar, يونيفيل, he, יוניפי״ל), is a UN peacekeeping m ...

operation in

Lebanon Lebanon ( , ar, لُبْنَان, translit=lubnān, ), officially the Republic of Lebanon () or the Lebanese Republic, is a country in Western Asia. It is located between Syria to Lebanon–Syria border, the north and east and Israel to Blue ...

. 12 E13TP's are equipped with air surveillance radar systems; they entered in service in 2011. The E15TP's are fitted with MLC70 Leguan bridging system. ;:

Lithuanian Armed Forces The Lithuanian Armed Forces () are the military of Lithuania. The Lithuanian Armed Forces consist of the Lithuanian Land Forces, the Lithuanian Naval Force and the Lithuanian Air Force. In wartime, the Lithuanian State Border Guard Service ( ...

received 24 8×8 E13TP vehicles from 2007 to 2009. After further orders, the total number had reached 50 units by 2011.

Civilian operators

;Anhui JAC International, China A Sisu E13TP 8×8 rescue vehicle was delivered to Chinese Anhui JAC International in June 2014 as a part of a larger project. ;OMV Petrom,

Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Moldova to the east, a ...

Sisu Auto will deliver total 70 oil field service vehicles to Romanian oil company

OMV Petrom OMV Petrom S.A. is a Romanian integrated oil company, controlled by Austria's OMV. It is one of the largest corporations in Romania and the largest oil and gas producer in Southeast Europe. Since 2004 it is a subsidiary of OMV. History In l ...

. The contract includes both 8×8 and 10×10 driven variants. The vehicles are delivered with superstructures fitted by German company Koller GmbH. The first deliveries are scheduled to the late 2014 and serial production is planned to begin in 2015.

Gallery

File:Lippujuhlan päivän 2022 paraati 059 NASAMS.JPG, NASAMS on Finnish Defence Forces 2022 flag day parade File:Transportation of Lithuanian M113s for Ukraine (2).jpg, Lithuanian trucks transporting M113s for Ukraine due to the

2022 Russian invasion On 24 February 2022, in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War, which began in 2014. The invasion has resulted in tens of thousands of deaths on both sides. It has caused Europe's largest refugee crisis since World War II. An ...

References

External links

* *{{Commons category-inline, Sisu E15TP E13tp Military trucks of Finland Post–Cold War military vehicles of Finland Military vehicles introduced in the 2000s Vehicles introduced in 2007