James-Harrington-Sir-James-Harrington-3rd-Bt

Colonel Colonel ( ; abbreviated as Col., Col, or COL) is a senior military Officer (armed forces), officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations. In the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, a colon ...

Sir James Harington, 3rd Baronet (30 December 1607 – ) was an English politician and military officer who fought on the Parliamentarian side during the

Wars of the Three Kingdoms The Wars of the Three Kingdoms were a series of conflicts fought between 1639 and 1653 in the kingdoms of Kingdom of England, England, Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland and Kingdom of Ireland, Ireland, then separate entities in a personal union un ...

.Families covered: Harington of Exton, Harington of Ridlington
/ref>John Tapin

References A reference is a relationship between Object (philosophy), objects in which one object designates, or acts as a means by which to connect to or link to, another object. The first object in this relation is said to ''refer to'' the second object. ...

writes that in most existing contemporary records the spelling of the name was with a double 'r', and that the single 'r' is used in some instances, and that this is the way the family spells their name today.

Early life

James Harington was the eldest son of

Edward Harington of Ridlington Sir Edward Harington, 2nd Baronet of Ridlington (died 1652), English landowner. Edward Harington was the eldest son Sir James Harington of Ridlington and Frances Sapcote. He married Margaret Doyley (c. 1578–1658) in 1601, in a double weddin ...

and Margaret Doyley. He married Katherine Wright (1617-1675), a daughter of Sir Edmund Wright,

Lord Mayor of London The Lord Mayor of London is the Mayors in England, mayor of the City of London, England, and the Leader of the council, leader of the City of London Corporation. Within the City, the Lord Mayor is accorded Order of precedence, precedence over a ...

, and inherited Swakeleys House from Wright.

Military career

Harrington was

of the Westminster Trained Bands (the Red Regiment) in 1642, and he commanded a London brigade (his own regiment, together with the

Green Auxiliary Trained Bands of London Green is the color between cyan and yellow on the visible spectrum. It is evoked by light which has a dominant wavelength of roughly 495570 nm. In subtractive color systems, used in painting and color printing, it is created by a combin ...

and the

Tower Hamlets The London Borough of Tower Hamlets is a borough in London, England. Situated on the north bank of the River Thames and immediately east of the City of London, the borough spans much of the traditional East End of London and includes much of ...

Auxiliaries (the Yellow Regiment)) in Sir

William Waller Sir William Waller JP (c. 159819 September 1668) was an English soldier and politician, who commanded Parliamentarian armies during the First English Civil War. Elected MP for Andover to the Long Parliament in 1640, Waller relinquished ...

's Parliamentarian army at the

Siege of Basing House The siege of Basing House near Basingstoke in Hampshire, was a Parliamentarian victory late in the First English Civil War. Whereas the title of the event may suggest a single siege, there were in fact three major engagements. John Paul ...

and

Battle of Alton The Battle of Alton (also known as the Storming of Alton), of the First English Civil War, took place on 13 December 1643 in the town of Alton, Hampshire, England. There, Roundheads, Parliamentary forces serving under Sir William Waller ...

in late 1643. As a Major-General, Harrington led out another brigade of suburban Trained Bands (the Tower Hamlets Regiment, the Southwark White Auxiliaries and the Westminster Yellow Auxiliaries) to join Waller in the campaign that culminated at the

Battle of Cropredy Bridge The Battle of Cropredy Bridge was fought on Saturday 29 June 1644 (9 July 1644 Gregorian) near Banbury, Oxfordshire during the First English Civil War. In the engagement, Sir William Waller and the Parliamentarian army failed to capture ...

on 29 June 1644. For the great combination of Parliamentary armies in the autumn of 1644, London provided a fresh brigade of five regiments under Harrington. It fought at the

Second Battle of Newbury The Second Battle of Newbury was a battle of the First English Civil War fought on 27 October 1644, in Speen, adjoining Newbury in Berkshire. The battle was fought close to the site of the First Battle of Newbury, which took place in la ...

, where Harrington had his horse shot under him.

Political career

He was elected MP for

Rutland Rutland is a ceremonial county in the East Midlands of England. It borders Leicestershire to the north and west, Lincolnshire to the north-east, and Northamptonshire to the south-west. Oakham is the largest town and county town. Rutland has a ...

(1646–1653) and

Middlesex Middlesex (; abbreviation: Middx) is a Historic counties of England, former county in South East England, now mainly within Greater London. Its boundaries largely followed three rivers: the River Thames, Thames in the south, the River Lea, Le ...

(1654–55). Although he did not sign the death warrant, Harrington was one of the Commissioners (Judges) at the trial of

Charles I Charles I may refer to: Kings and emperors * Charlemagne (742–814), numbered Charles I in the lists of Holy Roman Emperors and French kings * Charles I of Anjou (1226–1285), also king of Albania, Jerusalem, Naples and Sicily * Charles I of ...

. During the

Interregnum An interregnum (plural interregna or interregnums) is a period of revolutionary breach of legal continuity, discontinuity or "gap" in a government, organization, or social order. Archetypally, it was the period of time between the reign of one m ...

, he continued to serve the Parliamentary cause, He served on the first

Council of State A council of state is a governmental body in a country, or a subdivision of a country, with a function that varies by jurisdiction. It may be the formal name for the cabinet or it may refer to a non-executive advisory body associated with a head ...

and later was for a time president of the council. After the Restoration he was excepted from the

Indemnity and Oblivion Act The Indemnity and Oblivion Act 1660 ( 12 Cha. 2. c. 11) was an act of the Parliament of England, the long title of which is "An Act of Free and Generall Pardon, Indemnity, and Oblivion". This act was a general pardon for everyone who had com ...

which pardoned most for taking up arms against the King in the Civil War, and died in exile on the European mainland.

David Hume David Hume (; born David Home; – 25 August 1776) was a Scottish philosopher, historian, economist, and essayist who was best known for his highly influential system of empiricism, philosophical scepticism and metaphysical naturalism. Beg ...

''The history of England From the invasion of Julius Caesar to the revolution in 1688:Volume VI: The Commonwealth'' (1778): Endnote /ref> His baronetcy, which he had inherited on his father's death in 1653, was declared forfeited for life in 1661.

Notes

References

* John Adair, ''Cheriton 1644: The Campaign and the Battle'', Kineton: Roundwood, 1973, ISBN 0-900093-19-6. * Lt-Col Alfred H. Burne & Lt-Col

Peter Young Peter or Pete Young may refer to: Sports * Peter Dalton Young (1927–2002), English rugby union player * Peter Young (cricketer, born 1961), Australian cricketer * Pete Young (born 1968), American baseball player * Peter Young (rugby league) (fl. ...

, ''The Great Civil War: A Military History of the First Civil War 1642–1646'', London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1959/Moreton-in-Marsh, Windrush Press, 1998, ISBN 1-900624-22-2.
Lawson Chase Nagel, ''The Militia of London, 1641–1649'', PhD thesis, King's College London, 1982.
* Stuart Reid, ''All the King's Armies: A Military History of the English Civil War 164–1651'', Staplehurst: Spelmount, 1998, ISBN 1-86227-028-7. * Keith Roberts, ''London And Liberty: Ensigns of the London Trained Bands'', Eastwood, Nottinghamshire: Partizan Press, 1987, ISBN 0-946525-16-1. * John Taplin
Shakespeare's Granddaughter and the Bagleys of Dudley
' published by the Black Country Society June 2005 (Originally published in 38/4, 39/1 and 39/2 of The Blackcountryman). * Margaret Toynbee & Brig Peter Young, ''Cropredy Bridge, 1644: The Campaign and the Battle'', Kineton: Roundwood, 1970, ISBN 0-900093-17-X.
Civil War at UK Battlefields Resource Centre

Early life

Military career

Political career

See also

Notes

References

Further reading