Simmonds' Battery Kentucky Light Artillery was an

artillery Artillery consists of ranged weapons that launch Ammunition, munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry firearms. Early artillery development focused on the ability to breach defensive walls and fortifications during sieges, and l ...

battery Battery or batterie most often refers to: * Electric battery, a device that provides electrical power * Battery (crime), a crime involving unlawful physical contact Battery may also refer to: Energy source * Battery indicator, a device whic ...

that served in the Union Army during the

American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861May 26, 1865; also known by Names of the American Civil War, other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union (American Civil War), Union ("the North") and the Confederate States of A ...

. It was sometimes referred to as the 1st Kentucky Independent Battery, and has the distinction of being the only Kentucky unit in U.S. service to serve in the eastern theater.

Service

The battery was organized at Pendleton, Ohio from Company E, 1st Kentucky Infantry at a time when

Kentucky Kentucky (, ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north, West Virginia to the ...

was attempting to remain neutral. It was mustered in under the command of

Captain Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader or highest rank officer of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police depa ...

Seth J. Simmonds. The battery was attached to District of the Kanawha, West Virginia, to March 1862. 2nd Brigade,

Kanawha Division The Kanawha Division was a Union Army division (military), division which could trace its origins back to a brigade originally commanded by Jacob D. Cox. This division served in western Virginia and Maryland and was at times led by such famous pe ...

West Virginia, to September 1862. 2nd Brigade, Kanawha Division,

IX Corps 9 Corps, 9th Corps, Ninth Corps, or IX Corps may refer to: France * 9th Army Corps (France) * IX Corps (Grande Armée), a unit of the Imperial French Army during the Napoleonic Wars Germany * IX Corps (German Empire), a unit of the Imperial German ...

Army of the Potomac The Army of the Potomac was the primary field army of the Union army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War. It was created in July 1861 shortly after the First Battle of Bull Run and was disbanded in June 1865 following the Battle of ...

, to October 1862. District of the Kanawha, West Virginia, Department of the Ohio, to March 1863. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division,

VIII Corps 8th Corps, Eighth Corps, or VIII Corps may refer to: * VIII Corps (Grande Armée), a unit of the Imperial French army during the Napoleonic Wars * VIII Army Corps (German Confederation) * VIII Corps (German Empire), a unit of the Imperial German Arm ...

, Middle Department, to June 1863. 1st Brigade, Scammon's Division, Department of West Virginia, to December 1863. 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division West Virginia, to April 1864. Artillery, 2nd Infantry Division West Virginia, to July 1864. Reserve Division, Harper's Ferry, West Virginia, to April 1865. 2nd Brigade, 1st Infantry Division West Virginia, to July 1865. Simmonds' Battery Kentucky Light Artillery mustered out of service on July 26, 1865.

Detailed service

Duty at Pendleton, Ohio, until July 1861. Ordered to the Kanawha Valley, Va., July 10. March from Mt. Pleasant to Charleston, Va., July 11–25. Action at Scarry Creek July 17. Tyler Mountain July 24. Capture of Charleston July 25. Advance to Gauley July 26-August 1. Moved to Camp Piatt, arriving August 25. Gauley Bridge August 28. Boone Court House September 1. Peytonia September 12. Moved to Raleigh September 20–27. Chapmansville September 25. Return to Gauley, arriving there October 10. Cotton Hill October 13. Operations in Kanawha Valley October 19-November 16. Gauley Bridge October 23. Attack on Gauley by Floyd's Batteries November 1–9. Movement on Cotton Mountain and pursuit of Floyd November 1–18. Duty at Gauley Bridge until April 1862. Advance on Princeton April 22-May 4. At Flat Top Mountain until August. Wolf Creek May 15. Moved to Washington, D.C., August 14–23. Maryland Campaign September 6–22. Frederick, Md., September 12. Battles of South Mountain September 14, and Antietam September 16–17. Moved to Clarksburg, Suttonville, Summerville, Gauley Bridge and Kanawha Falls, W. Va., October 8-November 14, and duty there until April 1863, and at Camp White, Charleston, W. Va., until July. At Gauley Bridge until September. At Camp Toland, Charleston, W. Va., until January 1864. Scout to Boone Court House October 21–22, 1863. Expedition from Charleston to Lewisburg November 3–13. Capture of Lewisburg November 7. At Fayetteville until April 1864. Crook's Expedition against Virginia & Tennessee Railroad May 2–19. Action at Cloyd's Mountain May 9. New River Bridge May 10. Hunter's Raid on Lynchburg May 26-July 1. Lexington June 11. Diamond Hill June 17. Lynchburg June 17–18. Buford's Gap June 20. Salem June 21. At Camp Piatt and Harper's Ferry until August, and at Camp Fuller, Va., until June 1865.

Casualties

The battery lost a total of 13 men during service; 3 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded, 10 enlisted men died of disease.

Commanders

* Captain Seth J. Simmonds * Captain Daniel W. Glassie

References

* Dyer, Frederick H. ''A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion'' (Des Moines, IA: Dyer Pub. Co.), 1908. ;Attribution * {{Kentucky in the Civil War Military units and formations established in 1861 Military units and formations disestablished in 1865 Units and formations of the Union army from Kentucky 1861 establishments in Ohio Artillery units and formations of the American Civil War

Service

Detailed service

Casualties

Commanders

See also

References