Simhendramadhyamam is a

raga A ''raga'' or ''raag'' (; also ''raaga'' or ''ragam''; ) is a melodic framework for improvisation in Indian classical music akin to a melodic mode. The ''rāga'' is a unique and central feature of the classical Indian music tradition, and as a ...

m in

Carnatic music Carnatic music, known as or in the South Indian languages, is a system of music commonly associated with South India, including the modern Indian states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Kerala and Tamil Nadu, and Sri Lanka. It is o ...

(musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 57th ''

melakarta Mēḷakartā is a collection of fundamental musical scales (ragas) in Carnatic music (South Indian classical music). ''Mēḷakartā'' ragas are parent ragas (hence known as ''janaka'' ragas) from which other ragas may be generated. A ''melaka ...

'' rāgam in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system of Carnatic music. It is called Sumadyuti in

Muthuswami Dikshitar Muthuswami Dikshitar (Mudduswamy Dikshitar)(, 24 March 1776 – 21 October 1835), mononymously Dikshitar, was a South Indian poet, singer and veena player, and a legendary composer of Indian classical music, who is considered one of the musical ...

school of Carnatic music.''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras It is said to be borrowed into

Hindustani music Hindustani classical music is the classical music of northern regions of the Indian subcontinent. It may also be called North Indian classical music or, in Hindustani, ''shastriya sangeet'' (). It is played in instruments like the violin, si ...

from Carnatic music.

Structure and Lakshana

It is the 3rd rāgam in the 10th ''chakra Disi''. The mnemonic name is ''Disi-Go''. The mnemonic phrase is ''sa ri gi mi pa dha ni''. Its ' structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see ''swaras'' in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms): * : * : It is also equivalent to

Hungarian Minor Scale The Hungarian minor scale,Christiansen, Mike (2000). ''Guitar Scale Dictionary'', p. 14. .Stetina, Troy (2007). ''Fretboard Mastery'', p. 126. .Kent Cleland, Mary Dobrea-Grindahl (2010). ''Developing Musicianship Through Aural Skills'', p. 495. Ca ...

that is also called as Gypsy Minor Scale in Western Music. This musical scale uses the notes ''chatushruti rishabham, sadharana gandharam, prati madhyamam, shuddha daivatam'' and ''kakali nishadham''. As it is a ''melakarta'' rāgam, by definition it is a ''sampūrṇa'' rāgam (has all seven notes in ascending and descending scale). It is the ''prati madhyamam'' equivalent of '' Kiraṇāvali'' ( also known by name kīravāṇi ), which is the 21st ''melakarta''.

''Janya'' rāgams

''Simhendramadhyamam'' has a few minor ''

janya ''Janya'' is a term meaning "derive". In Carnatic (South Indian) music a ''janya raga'' is one derived from one of the 72 ''melakarta'' ragas (fundamental melodic structures). ''Janya'' ragas are classified into various types based on a varie ...

'' rāgams (derived scales) associated with it, of which ''Vijaya Saraswati'', a scale first used by

Muthiah Bhagavatar Harikesanallur Muthiah Bhagavatar (15 November 1877 – 30 June 1945), commonly known as Muthiah Bhagavatar, is one of Carnatic classical music's famous twentieth-century composers. He also created about 20 '' ragas''. Early life Muthiah was bo ...

is sung in concerts. See List of ''janya'' rāgams for all scales associated with ''Simhendramadhyamam''.

Compositions

Here are a few common compositions sung in concerts, set to ''Simhendramadhyamam''. *''Needu charanamule'' by Tyagaraja *''Kamakshi Kamakoti peetha vaasini'' by

(with rāgam name ''sumadyuti''

mudra A mudra (; sa, मुद्रा, , "seal", "mark", or "gesture"; ,) is a symbolic or ritual gesture or pose in Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism. While some mudras involve the entire body, most are performed with the hands and fingers. As wel ...

in it) *''Pamarajanapalini'' by

(with rāgam name ''sumadyuti''

in it) *''Ashaindhadum mayil onDru'' by Oottukkadu Venkata Kavi *''Ninne Nammithi nayya'' by

Mysore Vasudevacharya Mysore Vasudevacharya (28 May 1865 – 17 May 1961) was an Indian musician and composer of Carnatic music compositions who belonged to the direct line of Thyagaraja's disciples. Vasudevachar's compositions (numbering over 200) were mostly in Telu ...

*''Innum orutharam'' by Muthu Thandavar *''Ayyappa'' by Yesudas *''unnaiyallAl vErE gati'' by Koteeswara Iyer *''Rama rama guna seema'' by

Swathi Thirunal Rama Varma ( ml, സ്വാതി തിരുനാള്‍ രാമവർമ്മ) (16 April 1813 – 26 December 1846) was the Maharaja of the Kingdom of Travancore. He is also considered as a brilliant music composer and is credited with over 4 ...

*''Marakata Simhasana'' by M. Balamuralikrishna *"Iha Param yennum" by Pabanasamsivan Here two famous Bengali songs composed by

Rabindranath Tagore Rabindranath Tagore (; bn, রবীন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর; 7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941) was a Bengali polymath who worked as a poet, writer, playwright, composer, philosopher, social reformer and painter. He resh ...

Kazi Nazrul Islam , pseudonym = bn, ধূমকেতু, Dhūmketu , image = Nazrul.jpg , image_size = , caption = Nazrul in Chittagong, 1926 , birth_date = 11 ''Joiṣṭhyô'', 1306 '' Bônggabdô ...

, set to ''Simhendramadhyamam''. * Baje Koruno Sure (Rabindra Sangeet) * Paradesi Megh Jao Re fire (Nazrul Geeti)

Film songs

Language: Tamil

Related rāgams

This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam. ''Simhendramadhyamam's'' notes when shifted using '' Graha bhedam'', yields 2 other ''melakarta'' rāgams, namely, ''

Mayamalavagowla Mayamalavagowla (pronounced ) is a raga of Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is classified as 15th '' melakarta'' raga under Venkatamakhin's '' melakarta'' system. Originally known as ''malavagowla'', "maya" was ...

'' and '' Rasikapriya''. ''Graha bhedam'' is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the ''shadjam'' to the next note in the rāgam. For further details and an illustration refer '' Graha bhedam on Mayamalavagowla''.

Notes

References

{{Janya, state=collapsed Melakarta ragas