Sima Yun ( zh, , s=司马允, t=司馬允; 272 - September 300),

courtesy name A courtesy name ( zh, s=字, p=zì, l=character), also known as a style name, is an additional name bestowed upon individuals at adulthood, complementing their given name. This tradition is prevalent in the East Asian cultural sphere, particula ...

Qindu (钦度), posthumously known as Prince Zhongzhuang of Huainan, was an imperial prince of the

Western Jin dynasty Western may refer to: Places *Western, Nebraska, a village in the US * Western, New York, a town in the US * Western Creek, Tasmania, a locality in Australia * Western Junction, Tasmania, a locality in Australia *Western world, countries that ...

, and a son of

Emperor Wu of Jin Emperor Wu of Jin (; 236 – 16 May 290), personal name Sima Yan (), courtesy name Anshi (安世), was a grandson of Sima Yi, nephew of Sima Shi and son of Sima Zhao. He became the first emperor of the Jin dynasty (266–420), Jin dynasty a ...

. Besides his heritage, Sima Yun was best known for his failed uprising against

Sima Lun Sima Lun () (born before 250 – poisoned June 5, 301), courtesy name Ziyi (), was titled the Prince of Zhao () and the usurper of the Jin dynasty from February 3 to May 31, 301. He is usually not counted in the list of Jin emperors due to h ...

, then regent of Yun's half-brother Emperor Hui.

Background and life under Emperor Wu

Sima Yun was born to Emperor Wu and his concubine Lady Li in 272; his full younger brother was Sima Yan (司马晏; 281 - 14 July 311), Prince Xiao of Wu and father to the future

Emperor Min of Jin Emperor Min of Jin (; 300 – February 7, 318), personal name Sima Ye (司馬鄴 or 司馬業), courtesy name Yanqi (彥旗), was an emperor of the Jin dynasty and the last of the Western Jin. Emperor Min surrendered in 316 to Liu Yao, a gen ...

. Like many of Emperor Wu's sons, Sima Yun was made an imperial prince in October 277; he was about five at the time and so remained in the imperial capital Luoyang. His first princely title was Prince of Puyang; his princely title was changed to Prince of Huainan in December 289, just about five months before Emperor Wu's death in May 290. At the same time, he was also made Chief Controller of Yangzhou (扬州) and Jiangzhou (江州).

During Emperor Hui's reign

Sima Yun's half-brother Emperor Hui was

developmentally disabled Developmental disability is a diverse group of chronic conditions, comprising mental or physical impairments that arise before adulthood. Developmental disabilities cause individuals living with them many difficulties in certain areas of life, espe ...

; his reign saw a series of regents who ruled on his behalf. Sima Yun's activities during the regencies of Yang Jun, Yun's granduncle

Sima Liang Sima Liang (司馬亮) (before 227 - 25 July 291), courtesy name Ziyi (子翼), formally Prince Wencheng of Ru'nan (汝南文成王), was briefly a regent during the reign of Emperor Hui during the Western Jin dynasty. He was the first of the ...

and

Wei Guan Wei Guan (220 – 25 July 291), courtesy name Boyu, was a Chinese military general and politician of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China. He served under the Jin dynasty after the end of the Three Kingdoms period. E ...

(who were co-regents), and Emperor Hui's wife Empress

Jia Nanfeng Jia Nanfeng (257 – 13 May 300), nicknamed Shi (峕), was a Chinese empress consort. She was a daughter of Jia Chong and the first wife of Emperor Hui of the Jin dynasty and also a granddaughter of Jia Kui. She is commonly seen as a villain ...

, were poorly documented. After Emperor Hui's crown prince

Sima Yu Sima Yu (; 278 – 27 April 300), courtesy name Xizu (熙祖), posthumous name Crown Prince Minhuai (愍懷太子), was a crown prince of the Chinese Western Jin dynasty. Sima Yu's father Sima Zhong was developmentally disabled, and before h ...

was deposed in February 300, there were proposals to make Sima Yun crown prince. However, court officials did not agree to the choice of crown prince. Empress Jia then ordered Sima Yu's assassination in April. The crown prince's fate lost Jia much support, and she was soon overthrown by Emperor Hui's grand-uncle Sima Lun in May. In September 300, after Lun attempted to take his military authority away, Sima Yun rebelled against Lun with only 700 men in Luoyang. Lun was nearly killed in the fighting, but one of his supporters Fu Yin (伏胤) pretended to defect to Yun and killed him, ending his rebellion. His three sons, including Sima Yu (司马郁; Prince of Qin) and Sima Di (司马迪; Prince of Han) were also killed with him, and several thousands were implicated and executed.As Sima Yun's son Sima Yu was also killed with him, the title of Prince of Qin was later granted to Sima Ye (the later

References

Sources

* * Fang, Xuanling, ''

Book of Jin The ''Book of Jin'' is an official Chinese historical text covering the history of the Jin dynasty (266–420), Jin dynasty from 266 to 420. It was compiled in 648 by a number of officials commissioned by the imperial court of the Tang dynasty, ...

'' (''Jin Shu''). * Sima, Guang, ''Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance'' (''

Zizhi Tongjian The ''Zizhi Tongjian'' (1084) is a chronicle published during the Northern Song dynasty (960–1127) that provides a record of Chinese history from 403 BC to 959 AD, covering 16 dynasties and spanning almost 1400 years. The main text is ...

'') {{DEFAULTSORT:Sima, Yun 272 births 300 deaths Jin dynasty (266–420) imperial princes