Silver Trifluoride
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Silver(III) fluoride, AgF3, is an unstable, bright-red, diamagnetic compound containing
silver Silver is a chemical element; it has Symbol (chemistry), symbol Ag () and atomic number 47. A soft, whitish-gray, lustrous transition metal, it exhibits the highest electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and reflectivity of any metal. ...
in the unusual +3
oxidation state In chemistry, the oxidation state, or oxidation number, is the hypothetical Electrical charge, charge of an atom if all of its Chemical bond, bonds to other atoms are fully Ionic bond, ionic. It describes the degree of oxidation (loss of electrons ...
. Its crystal structure is very similar to that of
gold(III) fluoride Gold(III) fluoride is an inorganic compound of gold and flourine with the molecular formula . It is an orange solid that sublimes at 300 °C. It is a powerful fluorinating agent. It is very sensitive to moisture, yielding gold(III) hydroxi ...
: it is a
polymer A polymer () is a chemical substance, substance or material that consists of very large molecules, or macromolecules, that are constituted by many repeat unit, repeating subunits derived from one or more species of monomers. Due to their br ...
consisting of rectangular AgF4 units linked into chains by fluoro bridges.


Preparation

AgF3 can be prepared by treating a solution containing tetrafluoroargentate(III)
ion An ion () is an atom or molecule with a net electrical charge. The charge of an electron is considered to be negative by convention and this charge is equal and opposite to the charge of a proton, which is considered to be positive by convent ...
s in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride with boron trifluoride; the potassium tetrafluoroargentate(III) was prepared by heating a stoichiometric mix of potassium and silver nitrate in a sealed container filled with pressurised fluorine gas at 400C for 24 hours, twice. When dissolved in anhydrous HF, it decomposes spontaneously to Ag3F8 overnight at room temperature. The high-valence silver compounds described in the thesis are notable for their variety of colours: KAgF4 is bright orange, AgF3 bright red, AgFAsF6 is deep blue, Ag3F8 deep red-brown, and Pd(AgF4)2 is lime-green. Earlier preparations used
krypton difluoride Krypton difluoride, KrF2 is a chemical compound of krypton and fluorine. It was the first compound of krypton discovered. It is a volatile, colourless solid at room temperature. The structure of the KrF2 molecule is linear, with Kr−F distances ...
as fluorinating agent, and tended to produce the mixed-valence Ag3F8 which may be thought of as silver(II) tetrafluoroargentate(III); Ag2F5, which is (AgF)+AgF4, is formed by reacting AgF3 with AgFAsF6.


References

{{Fluorides Fluorides Silver compounds Metal halides